Why Do I Get Negative Values Solving the SHM Spring Problem?

In summary, negative values in the context of solving the Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) spring problem typically arise from the choice of coordinate systems or the mathematical conventions used in the equations. When analyzing the motion of a spring, negative values may indicate direction (e.g., displacement from equilibrium) or represent a phase shift in oscillation. It’s essential to understand the physical interpretation of these values and ensure consistent application of signs in calculations to avoid confusion.
  • #1
torinketo
2
1
Homework Statement
A block of unknown mass is attached to the end of a vertical spring. When a second 50 g block is suspended, the spring extends by 38 cm. The oscillation period without the second 50 g block is 0.8 s. Find:

(a) the spring constant of the spring (in N/m);
(b) the mass of the first block (in kg).
Relevant Equations
T=2pi*sqrt(m/k)
k=mg/x
m1 = unknown
m2 = 0.05 kg
x = 0.38 m
T = 0.8s

Tried to plug in values into the above equations:

0.8 = 2pi*sqrt(m1+0.05/k)
k = ((m1+0.05)*9.8)/0.38

Got negative values for both k and m which doesn't make sense
 
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  • #2
torinketo said:
0.8 = 2pi*sqrt(m1+0.05/k)
The 0.8 seconds is for m1 by itself.
torinketo said:
k = ((m1+0.05)*9.8)/0.38
It's not clear whether the 0.38m is for the masses together or just the 50g mass.
 
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  • #3
haruspex said:
The 0.8 seconds is for m1 by itself.

It's not clear whether the 0.38m is for the masses together or just the 50g mass.
Thank you very much, this was the right answer :)

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  • #4
torinketo said:
Thank you very much, this was the right answer :)

View attachment 338824
Good, but you show too many significant figures. The data you were given only have two (the 0.8s only one, but probably intends 0.80s). And you should always state the units. So better answers are 1.3 kg/s2 and 0.021kg.
 
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FAQ: Why Do I Get Negative Values Solving the SHM Spring Problem?

Why do I get negative displacement values when solving SHM spring problems?

In simple harmonic motion (SHM), displacement is a vector quantity that can have both positive and negative values. The negative displacement indicates that the object is on the opposite side of the equilibrium position compared to the positive displacement. This is a normal part of SHM and represents the oscillatory nature of the motion.

What does a negative velocity mean in the context of SHM?

A negative velocity in SHM indicates that the object is moving in the direction opposite to the positive direction defined in your coordinate system. For instance, if positive velocity means moving to the right, then negative velocity means moving to the left.

Can the spring constant (k) be negative in SHM problems?

No, the spring constant (k) cannot be negative. It is a measure of the stiffness of the spring and is always a positive value. If you are getting a negative value for the spring constant, it likely indicates a mistake in your calculations or assumptions.

Why do I sometimes get negative values for acceleration in SHM problems?

In SHM, acceleration is proportional to the negative of the displacement from the equilibrium position (a = -kx/m). Therefore, if the displacement is positive, the acceleration is negative, and vice versa. This negative sign indicates that the acceleration is always directed towards the equilibrium position, providing the restoring force necessary for SHM.

How should I interpret a negative phase angle in SHM equations?

A negative phase angle in SHM equations indicates the initial position and direction of motion of the oscillating object. It shifts the cosine or sine function to the left on the time axis. The phase angle can be positive or negative, depending on the initial conditions of the problem.

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