Simple Addition of Vector Forces on an Eye-Hook

In summary: The resultant force is F2 = 150+m+5n, where m and n are unknown.In summary, the screw eye is subjected to two forces, F1 and F2. F1 is a force of 120 newtons at an angle of 10 degrees, and F2 is a force of 187 newtons at an angle of 80 degrees. The resultant force is F2 = 150+m+5n, where m and n are unknown.
  • #1
sHatDowN
52
7
Homework Statement
Simple Addition
Relevant Equations
Vector
The screw eye is subjected to two forces, F1 and F2. Determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant force.

1677229133582.png
 
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  • #2
Hi, :welcome:

The pf guidelines require that you post an attempt at solution ...
Can you find the components of the two forces?

##\ ##
 
  • #3
Hello,
I know this way to solve
R2=P2+Q2-2pQ CosB

Then our B is 115 degree
But our Q is unknown
 
  • #4
sHatDowN said:
Hello,
I know this way to solve
R2=P2+Q2-2pQ CosB

Then our B is 115 degree
But our Q is unknown
Please state how you are matching up p, q, r to the diagram.
 
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  • #5
1677235652459.png

And R is resultant
 
  • #6
:smile: Nice, but that does not answer @haruspex 'question ...
 
  • #7
How does one interpret the label F2 = 150+m+5n in the drawing?
 
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  • #8
sHatDowN said:
View attachment 322805
And R is resultant
Have you quoted the whole question? Is there no explanation of what m and n are?
 
  • #9
m=12
n=5
I find out answer like that :

R=245N
θ=87.6
 
  • #10
sHatDowN said:
m=12
n=5
I find out answer like that :

R=245N
θ=87.6
Can you show your work for that? I get a different answer.

Edit: Unlike @haruspex, I get something a bit larger for R and something very different for ##\theta##. I am taking theta to be the angle in the first quadrant where the resultant lies.

[Calculated twice. Once with paper and pencil and calculator, a second time writing a program using same algorithm. Same answer both times -- once I remembered to convert to radians and back]
 
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  • #11
sHatDowN said:
m=12
n=5
I find out answer like that :

R=245N
θ=87.6
I get a slightly smaller answer for R, but how are you defining θ and how are you calculating it?
 
  • #12
1677272023459.png
 
  • #13
actually θ is between P and R
and 65° is between P and Q
 
  • #14
sHatDowN said:
That last equation appears to be a misremembered version of the sine rule.

The question does not specify what direction to measure the angle from, but it would be unusual to measure it from one of the applied forces. You should measure it the same way the given angles are measured, i.e. from one of the axes.

Edit… and your cos rule equation cannot be what you meant. It's either minus at the end or cos(180-115).
 
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  • #15
sHatDowN said:
actually θ is between P and R
and 65° is between P and Q
Then why are you using 115 instead of 65?!

How did you manage to get a near correct answer out of an incorrect formula? Using 115 degrees instead of 65 should have yielded a result of 170.77

When in doubt about the validity of a formula, try it with some extreme values like 0 degrees, 90 degrees and 180 degrees to see whether it will yield the expected results.
My Code said:
C:\Users\John>eyehook.pl
Computing the resultant for f1 + f2 where
f1 = 100 at an angle of 15
f2 = 187 at an angle of 80
Total x: [elided]
Total y: [elided]
Angle between vectors (0 degrees = parallel): 65
Incorrect angle between vectors (180 degrees = parallel): 115
Cosine formula magnitude: [elided]
Cosine formula magnitude with incorrect angle: 170.772003006634
Magnitude = [elided] [Correct result returned from different formula altogether]
Direction = [elided]
I do not comprehend your calculation for theta at all.
 
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  • #16
I solved exact like this
1677274135059.png


1677274153035.png
 
  • #17
jbriggs444 said:
I do not comprehend your calculation for theta at all.
It's Come from sin law

1677275095596.png
 
  • #18
sHatDowN said:
It's Come from sin law

View attachment 322830
In post #12 you wrote ##\frac Aa=\frac Bb##, but I assume that was just a typo.
As I indicated, the question setter would be expecting the direction to be specified as measured from one of the axes, like the 10° and 15°are, not from P.
 
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  • #19
haruspex said:
In post #12 you wrote ##\frac Aa=\frac Bb##, but I assume that was just a typo.
As I indicated, the question setter would be expecting the direction to be specified as measured from one of the axes, like the 10° and 15°are, not from P.
Sorry sir, I did not understand what you are saying
 
  • #20
sHatDowN said:
Sorry sir, I did not understand what you are saying
Which bit?
In post #12 you wrote ##\frac{115}{245}=\frac\theta {187}##, instead of ##\frac{\sin(115)}{245}=\frac{\sin(\theta)} {187}##. I assumed it was a typo, but it seems you actually used the misstated version.

The question setter gave you angles relative to two axes at right angles. Your answer for the direction of the resultant should also be relative to one of those two axes. The way you tried to use the sine rule, had you used it correctly, you would have found the angle between P and R. So you should then have added 15° to get the angle between the axis and R.
 
  • #21
haruspex said:
In post #12 you wrote , instead of . I assumed it was a typo, but it seems you actually used the misstated version.
Yes,sorry sir I was on mistake.
I try again and findout 43.4
 
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  • #22
sHatDowN said:
I solved exact like this
[... converting graphic to ##\LaTeX##...]
$$R^2 = P^2 + Q^2 - 2PQ \cos \theta$$
In this formula, ##\theta## is taken to be the angle formed between the head of the one vector and the tail of the other. So that parallel vectors will form an angle of 180 degrees.

The way I would measure the angle between two vectors is tail to tail so that parallel vectors will form an angle of 0 degrees. Accordingly, the formula that I would use would be$$R^2 = P^2 + Q^2 + 2PQ \cos \theta$$
This explains how you were able to obtain an approximately correct magnitude from an apparently incorrect angle. Round-off error explains the discrepancy between your 245 N and a more accurate figure of 247 N.

Now then, on to your calculation for ##\theta##. You have given two formulas for ##\theta##. The first is the one that you claim to have used:$$\frac{115}{245} = \frac{\theta}{187}$$You are dividing one angle by a length and then equating that to another angle divided by another length. That is not justified.

As a justification for this, you call upon something that you call the "sin rule":$$\frac{\sin A}{a} = \frac{\sin B}{b} = \frac{\sin C}{c}$$This law holds for a triangle with sides of length a, b and c and angles opposite these sides equal to A, B and C respectively.

The problem is that the law of sines does not divide an angle by a length. It divides the sine of an angle by a length. If you use the law of sines, you need to use sines. [If you were trying to invoke the small angle approximation, it only works for small angles].

The result that you get from the calculation that you claim to have performed is 87.5 degrees. You claim that this angle is measured (counter-clockwise?) from the angle of force ##F_1##. That would put the resulting direction somewhere in the second quadrant.

You cannot add two vectors that are both in the first quadrant and expect a result in the second quadrant.
 
  • #23
jbriggs444 said:
Now then, on to your calculation for . You have given two formulas for . The first is the one that you claim to have used:You are dividing one angle by a length and then equating that to another angle divided by another length. That is not justified.
Yes sir i was on mistake and i tried again and find 43.4 .
is that correct?
 
  • #24
sHatDowN said:
Yes,sorry sir I was on mistake.
I try again and findout 43.8
43.8 degrees counter-clockwise from the 15 degree angle of ##F_1##?

That is close to what I get. Can you confirm what angle you are reporting and calculate it accurately?

My Code said:
C:\Users\John>eyehook.pl
Computing the resultant for f1 + f2 where
f1 = 100 at an angle of 15
f2 = 187 at an angle of 80
Total x: 129.064791852623
Total y: 210.040954323535
Small angle between vectors (0 degrees = parallel): 65
Large angle between vectors (180 degrees = parallel): 115
Cosine formula magnitude (large angle and minus sign): 246.52570452004
Cosine formula magnitude (small angle and plus sign): 246.52570452004
Magnitude from Pythagoras = 246.52570452004
Direction = 58.4303392580617
Direction relative to F1 = 43.4303392580617
Perl:
#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use Math::Trig;

# Conversion factors
my $degrees = pi/180; # Radians per degree
my $radians = 180/pi; # degrees per radian

# Inputs...
my $m = 12;
my $n = 5;
my $f2 = 150 + $m + 5 * $n;

my $f1 = 100;

my $f2_angle = 80 * $degrees;
my $f1_angle = 15 * $degrees;

print "Computing the resultant for f1 + f2 where\n";
print "f1 = $f1 at an angle of ", $f1_angle * $radians, "\n";
print "f2 = $f2 at an angle of ", $f2_angle * $radians, "\n";

# Intermediates...
my $f1y = $f1 * sin ( $f1_angle );
my $f1x = $f1 * cos ( $f1_angle );

my $f2y = $f2 * sin ( $f2_angle );
my $f2x = $f2 * cos ( $f2_angle );

my $xtot = $f1x + $f2x;
my $ytot = $f1y + $f2y;

print "Total x: $xtot\n";
print "Total y: $ytot\n";

# Alternate magnitude...
my $angle_between_inputs = abs( $f1_angle - $f2_angle );
my $large_angle = 180 * $degrees - $angle_between_inputs;
print "Small angle between vectors (0 degrees = parallel): ", $angle_between_inputs * $radians, "\n";
print "Large angle between vectors (180 degrees = parallel): ", $large_angle * $radians, "\n";

my $alternate_magnitude = sqrt ( $f1 * $f1 + $f2 * $f2 + 2 * $f1 * $f2 * cos ( $angle_between_inputs ) );
my $erroneous_magnitude = sqrt ( $f1 * $f1 + $f2 * $f2 - 2 * $f1 * $f2 * cos ( $large_angle ) );

print "Cosine formula magnitude (large angle and minus sign): $alternate_magnitude\n";
print "Cosine formula magnitude (small angle and plus sign): $erroneous_magnitude\n";

# Finals...
my $magnitude = sqrt( ($xtot * $xtot) + ( $ytot * $ytot ) );
my $direction = atan ( $ytot / $xtot ) * $radians;

# Print
print "Magnitude from Pythagoras = $magnitude\n";
print "Direction = $direction\n"; 
print "Direction relative to F1 = ", $direction - $f1_angle * $radians, "\n";
 
  • #25
jbriggs444 said:
43.8 degrees counter-clockwise from the 15 degree angle of ?
Yes,between P and R.
from x-axis is 58.4
 
  • #26
sHatDowN said:
Yes,between P and R.
from x-axis is 58.4
You realize that 58.4 minus 15 is 43.4, not 43.8, right?
 
  • #27
jbriggs444 said:
You realize that 58.4 minus 15 is 43.4, not 43.8, right?
yes, I edited
 

FAQ: Simple Addition of Vector Forces on an Eye-Hook

What is vector addition in the context of forces on an eye-hook?

Vector addition in this context refers to combining multiple force vectors acting on an eye-hook to determine the resultant force. This involves adding the magnitudes and directions of the individual forces to find a single vector that represents the overall effect.

How do you represent forces as vectors?

Forces are represented as vectors by specifying their magnitude and direction. This is often done using Cartesian coordinates (x, y, z) or polar coordinates (magnitude and angle). Each force vector has both a numerical value (magnitude) and a direction, which can be represented graphically with an arrow.

What is the importance of the angle between vectors in vector addition?

The angle between vectors is crucial because it affects the resultant vector's magnitude and direction. When adding vectors, both the magnitude and the direction must be considered, and the angle between them determines how they combine. For example, vectors at 90 degrees to each other combine differently than vectors at 180 degrees.

How do you perform vector addition graphically?

Graphical vector addition is typically done using the head-to-tail method. This involves placing the tail of the second vector at the head of the first vector. The resultant vector is then drawn from the tail of the first vector to the head of the last vector. This method visually represents the combined effect of the forces.

What tools or methods are used for analytical vector addition?

Analytical vector addition often involves breaking down each vector into its components along the x, y, and z axes. These components are then added algebraically to find the resultant vector. Tools such as trigonometry, the Pythagorean theorem, and vector algebra are commonly used to perform these calculations.

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