- #1
yungman
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Homework Statement
I don't know how to come up with this final solution:
[tex]1+\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left(\frac{r}{a}\right)^n e^{jn(\theta-\phi)}+\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left(\frac{r}{a}\right)^n e^{-jn(\theta-\phi)}=1+\frac{re^{j(\theta-\phi)}}{a-re^{j(\theta-\phi)}}+\frac{re^{-j(\theta-\phi)}}{a-re^{-j(\theta-\phi)}}=\frac{a^2-r^2}{a^2-2at\cos(\theta-\phi)+r^2}[/tex]
Homework Equations
The Attempt at a Solution
For [itex]\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left(\frac{r}{a}\right)^n e^{jn(\theta-\phi)}[/itex], multiply by [itex]\frac{a-re^{j(\theta-\phi)}}{a-re^{j(\theta-\phi)}}[/itex]
[tex]\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left(\frac{r}{a}\right)^n e^{jn(\theta-\phi)}(a-re^{j(\theta-\phi)})[/tex]
[tex]=\frac{ar^n e^{jn(\theta-\phi)}}{a^n}-\frac{r^{n+1}e^{j(n+1)(\theta-\phi)}}{a^n}+\frac{ar^{n-1} e^{j(n-1)(\theta-\phi)}}{a^{n-1}}-\frac{r^{n}e^{j(n(\theta-\phi)}}{a^{n-1}}\cdot \cdot \cdot \cdot\cdot \cdot+\frac{are^{j(\theta-\phi)}}{a}-\frac{r^2e^{j2(\theta-\phi)}}{a}[/tex]
[tex]=re^{j(\theta-\phi)}-\frac{r^{n+1}e^{j(n+1)(\theta-\phi)}}{a^n}[/tex]
[tex]\Rightarrow\;\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left(\frac{r}{a}\right)^n e^{jn(\theta-\phi)}=\frac{re^{j(\theta-\phi)}-\frac{r^{n+1}e^{j(n+1)(\theta-\phi)}}{a^n}}{a-re^{j(\theta-\phi)}}[/tex]
The same steps are use:
[tex]\Rightarrow\;\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left(\frac{r}{a}\right)^n e^{-jn(\theta-\phi)}=\frac{re^{-j(\theta-\phi)}-\frac{r^{n+1}e^{-j(n+1)(\theta-\phi)}}{a^n}}{a-re^{-j(\theta-\phi)}}[/tex]I expand the series out. You can see most cancel each other and leaving only two terms which factored out into 4 simpler terms. You can see two of the terms match the answer:
[tex]1+\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left(\frac{r}{a}\right)^n e^{jn(\theta-\phi)}+\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left(\frac{r}{a}\right)^n e^{-jn(\theta-\phi)}=1+\frac{re^{j(\theta-\phi)}}{a-re^{j(\theta-\phi)}}-\frac{\frac{r^{n+1}e^{j(n+1)(\theta-\phi)}}{a^n}} {a-re^{j(\theta-\phi)}} +\frac{re^{-j(\theta-\phi)}}{a-re^{-j(\theta-\phi)}}-\frac{\frac{r^{n+1}e^{-j(n+1)(\theta-\phi)}}{a^n}} {a-re^{-j(\theta-\phi)}}[/tex]
Compare with [itex]1+\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left(\frac{r}{a}\right)^n e^{jn(\theta-\phi)}+\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\left(\frac{r}{a}\right)^n e^{-jn(\theta-\phi)}=1+\frac{re^{j(\theta-\phi)}}{a-re^{j(\theta-\phi)}}+\frac{re^{-j(\theta-\phi)}}{a-re^{-j(\theta-\phi)}}[/itex]
[tex]\Rightarrow\;\frac{\frac{r^{n+1}e^{j(n+1)(\theta-\phi)}}{a^n}} {a-re^{j(\theta-\phi)}}+\frac{\frac{r^{n+1}e^{-j(n+1)(\theta-\phi)}}{a^n}} {a-re^{-j(\theta-\phi)}}=0[/tex]
I have no idea how to make this zero, please help.
Thanks
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