Special relativity in Lagrangian and Hamiltonian language

In summary: There are a number of great books that introduce Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics in the special relativity settings, especially some notes on their relationship with the classical mechanics counterpart would be great! E.g. Neother's theorem in special relativity.Some introduction books on Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics use classical mechanics as the theoretical framework, and when it comes to special relativity it goes back to the basics and force language again. I would like to ask for some recommendations on good books that introduces Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics in the special relativity settings, especially some notes on their relationship with the classical mechanics counterpart would be great! E.g. Neother's theorem in special relativity.At what level? At
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lriuui0x0
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Some introduction books on Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics use classical mechanics as the theoretical framework, and when it come to special relativity it goes back to the basics and force language again. I would like to ask for some recommendations on good books that introduces Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics in the special relativity settings, especially some notes on their relationship with the classical mechanics counterpart would be great! E.g. Neother's theorem in special relativity.
 
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There is Susskind's Special Relativity and Classical Field Theory.
 
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lriuui0x0 said:
I would like to ask for some recommendations on good books that introduces Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics in the special relativity settings, especially some notes on their relationship with the classical mechanics counterpart would be great! E.g. Neother's theorem in special relativity.
At what level? At the graduate student level, there is chapter 11 "Principle of Least Action" from the beautiful book "Special Relativity in General Frames" by Eric Gourgoulhon.
 
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George Jones said:
At what level? At the graduate student level, there is chapter 11 "Principle of Least Action" from the beautiful book "Special Relativity in General Frames" by Eric Gourgoulhon.
That's a really good recommendation! I wonder if there're classical mechanics books that follows a similar philosophy? E.g. starting from a mathematical formulism in coordinate free language.

PeroK said:
There is Susskind's Special Relativity and Classical Field Theory.
Thanks! I watched Susskind's lectures before but I'm looking for something with a bit more mathematical formalism.
 
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Analytical Mechanics for Relativity and Quantum Mechanics​

https://www.amazon.com/dp/0198766807/?tag=pfamazon01-20Of possible interest

  • A direct derivation of the relativistic Lagrangian for a system of particles using d'Alembert's principle

https://aapt.scitation.org/doi/10.1119/1.4885349

Hamiltonian dynamics on the symplectic extended phase space for autonomous and non-autonomous systems​

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0305-4470/38/6/006

https://web-docs.gsi.de/~struck/hp/hamilton/hamilton2.pdf
 
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Interestingly, the most concise and elegant treatments I know come from QFT textbooks. This is useful only if you are already familiar with calculus of variations.

Example: Peskin & schroeder section 2.2
http://www.fulviofrisone.com/attachments/article/483/Peskin, Schroesder - An introduction To Quantum Field Theory(T).pdf

At a more elementary level, Landau Lifshitz vol. 2 (also available free online) treats relativity very well starting from the lagrangian perspective, section 8.
http://fulviofrisone.com/attachments/article/209/Landau L.D. Lifschitz E.M.- Vol. 2 - The Classical Theory of Fields.pdf

For more elementary treatments I don't quite have a good reference unfortunately. Maybe you can tell use how much physics math you have studied (undergrad physics degree?). Landau vol.2 can be understood if you have the equivalent of vol. 1 (undergrad level classical mechanics).
 
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FAQ: Special relativity in Lagrangian and Hamiltonian language

What is the difference between Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations of special relativity?

The Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations are two different mathematical approaches to describing the dynamics of a system in special relativity. The Lagrangian formulation uses the principle of least action to derive the equations of motion, while the Hamiltonian formulation uses the Hamiltonian function to describe the system's energy and momentum. Both formulations are equivalent and can be used to solve problems in special relativity.

How does special relativity affect the equations of motion in the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations?

In special relativity, the equations of motion in the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations are modified to take into account the effects of time dilation and length contraction. This results in the inclusion of the Lorentz factor and the use of four-vectors to describe the system's position, velocity, and momentum.

Can the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations of special relativity be applied to all systems?

Yes, the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations of special relativity can be applied to any system, as long as it is described by a relativistic theory. This includes systems such as particles moving at high speeds, electromagnetic fields, and even the entire universe.

What is the role of symmetries in the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations of special relativity?

Symmetries play a crucial role in the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations of special relativity. In these formulations, the equations of motion are derived from a Lagrangian or Hamiltonian function that is invariant under certain symmetries, such as translation and rotation invariance. These symmetries allow for the conservation of energy, momentum, and angular momentum in special relativity.

How do the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations of special relativity relate to each other?

The Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations of special relativity are mathematically equivalent, meaning that they describe the same physical system. However, they use different mathematical tools and have different advantages for solving certain problems. For example, the Lagrangian formulation is useful for systems with constraints, while the Hamiltonian formulation is better suited for systems with time-dependent forces.

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