- #1
Zoe-b
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Homework Statement
I have a number of problems, to be completed in the next day or so (!) that I am pretty stuck with where to begin. They involve calculating the spectra of various different linear operators.
Homework Equations
The first was:
Let X be the space of complex-valued continuous functions on Ω a closed bounded subset of ℂ, with supremum norm. Define for x [itex]\in[/itex] X, t [itex]\in[/itex] Ω
(Tx)(t) = tx(t)
I have found the spectrum of this by showing ker(λI - T) is zero and λI - T is onto for all λ not in Ω. So the spectrum of T is Ω.
I am pretty happy with this- I later found the same example in a book online and they agree with my answer.
I now have various ones involving sequences and I'm a lot more confused with these:
i) Let X be space of cts functions converging to zero with sup norm, & define:
T((aj)) = ((j+1)-1aj+1)
I think norm of T is 1/2 and this gives a radius bound for possible λ but have no idea really where to go from here- I think the kernel is trivial for all non zero λ but not getting very far with showing whether its surjective or not.
ii) Let S be the bounded linear operator on l1 defined by
T((aj)) = (aj - 2aj+1 + aj+2)
Show the spectrum of T is a cardioid.
Again I can find a general bound for λ using the norm of T but get stuck after this.
The Attempt at a Solution
Above.. any ideas on what to try next, or advice in general on methods of calculating spectra would be very welcome. Thanks in advance!
Zoe