The symbol \vdots represents a mathematical notation known as the vertical ellipsis or the vertical triple dot. In the context of susceptibility and electric field, it is used to denote a sequence that continues infinitely in both directions.
Susceptibility is a measure of the degree to which a material can be polarized in response to an applied electric field. It is a proportionality constant that relates the electric field strength to the induced dipole moment in the material.
Susceptibility plays a crucial role in various areas of physics, such as electromagnetism, condensed matter physics, and quantum mechanics. It helps in understanding the behavior of materials in the presence of an external electric field and in predicting their response to it.
Susceptibility can be measured experimentally by using techniques such as the Faraday rotation method, the SQUID magnetometry method, or the NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) method. These methods involve applying an external magnetic field and measuring the resulting induced magnetization in the material.
Yes, susceptibility can be negative. This indicates that the material is diamagnetic, meaning it is repelled by an applied magnetic field. In contrast, a positive susceptibility indicates that the material is paramagnetic, meaning it is attracted to an applied magnetic field.