Terminal voltage and internal resistance

To calculate the terminal voltage, we use the equation V = emf - IR, where V is the terminal voltage, emf is the electromotive force (in this case, 12 V), I is the current (1.90 A), and R is the resistance (6.00 ohm). So, the terminal voltage is 12 V - (1.90 A x 6.00 ohm) = 0.80 V.In summary, the terminal voltage of the battery is 0.80 V and its internal resistance is 6.00 ohm. The emf of the battery is labeled as 12.0 V. To calculate the terminal voltage, we use the equation V = emf - IR
  • #1
dev-hud
16
0
A battery labeled 12.0 V supplies 1.90 A to a 6.00 ohm resistor

A) what is the terminal voltage of the battery?

B) What is its internal resistance


V = 12.0
R = 6.00
I = 1.90

I think i am to use V = emf - IR for terminal voltage right? however i do not know how to get emf, and IR is current x resistance right? i got the equation off google and it didnt explain so i am assuming? i am stuck on both a and b
 
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  • #2
12V is the emf.
emf - IR will give you the so called "lost" volts. That is the voltage "used up" on the internal resistance.
 
  • #3
dev-hud said:
A battery labeled 12.0 V supplies 1.90 A to a 6.00 ohm resistor

A) what is the terminal voltage of the battery?

B) What is its internal resistance


V = 12.0
R = 6.00
I = 1.90

I think i am to use V = emf - IR for terminal voltage right? however i do not know how to get emf, and IR is current x resistance right? i got the equation off google and it didnt explain so i am assuming? i am stuck on both a and b

The 12 V is the emf. The battery is labeled with its emf.
 

FAQ: Terminal voltage and internal resistance

What is terminal voltage?

Terminal voltage refers to the electric potential difference between the positive and negative terminals of a battery or power source. It is the voltage that is available to power a circuit or device connected to the terminals.

What is internal resistance?

Internal resistance is the resistance within a battery or power source that affects the flow of electric current. It is caused by the resistance of the materials used in the battery and the chemical reactions that occur within it.

How does internal resistance affect terminal voltage?

As the current flows through a battery, it encounters resistance from the internal components. This resistance causes a voltage drop, resulting in a lower terminal voltage compared to the open circuit voltage. The higher the internal resistance, the greater the voltage drop and the lower the terminal voltage.

How can internal resistance be reduced?

There are a few ways to reduce internal resistance, such as using materials with lower resistance in the battery construction and optimizing the design of the battery. Additionally, using larger battery cells and minimizing the length of the connecting wires can also help reduce internal resistance.

What is the relationship between internal resistance and battery life?

Higher internal resistance can lead to a decrease in battery life, as it affects the battery's ability to deliver current. This can result in a shorter usable lifespan for the battery. Therefore, minimizing internal resistance is important for maximizing battery life.

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