The working principle of this turbine

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In summary, the blades used in this turbine are a hybrid design, combining impulse and reaction blade designs for optimal efficiency and performance.
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T C
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Found a video on net and from the video, the working principle that will rotate the turbine can't be understood properly. Want to know how the blades are working.
Found this video on net, but was unable to understand the working principle of the blades. The blades are very much closely packed and that means aerodynamic lift is simply useless here. But, from the video, it seems that the blades are like airfoils. That's why want to know the working principle behind the blades that will rotate the turbine.
 
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  • #3
Ok. But, what's the driving principle of this rotor. Is it an impulse type turbine or reaction?
 
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T C said:
The blades are very much closely packed and that means aerodynamic lift is simply useless here. But, from the video, it seems that the blades are like airfoils. That's why want to know the working principle behind the blades that will rotate the turbine.
It might be more helpful to view it as a succession of curved convergent or divergent nozzles that accelerate or decelerate the fluid (depending if you want a turbine or a compressor) rather than a succession of airfoils. Look for velocity triangle.

Example of a "curved divergent nozzle" where velocity goes from ##W_1## to ##W_2##:

60aab091be25fd85eeac62550%2Fgeschwindigkeit-4-data.jpg

The concept of a "curved nozzle" might be clearer on a centrifugal compressor (or turbine when rotating in reversed):

com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2010%2F10%2Fimage0013.gif
 
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T C said:
TL;DR Summary: Found a video on net and from the video, the working principle that will rotate the turbine can't be understood properly. Want to know how the blades are working.

Found this video on net, but was unable to understand the working principle of the blades. The blades are very much closely packed and that means aerodynamic lift is simply useless here. But, from the video, it seems that the blades are like airfoils. That's why want to know the working principle behind the blades that will rotate the turbine.
From what I'm seeing, they're using hybrid blades. Hybrids use impulse blade design closer to the root and reaction blade design closer to the tip.

Impulse blades are like a classic Pelton turbine design, where you're simply redirecting the flow and getting your force from the flow turning. Reaction blades use the turning force and the velocity changes to produce their force. By mixing the two, you get a mix of their best attributes where they're needed most. The strength and starting torque of the impulse blades at the root and the efficiency and light weight of the reaction blades near the tips.
 
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Related to The working principle of this turbine

How does the turbine convert kinetic energy into mechanical energy?

The turbine converts kinetic energy into mechanical energy through the action of its blades. As fluid (such as steam, water, or air) flows over the blades, it causes them to spin. This rotational motion is then transferred to a shaft, generating mechanical energy that can be used to perform work or generate electricity.

What types of turbines are there, and how do they differ in operation?

There are several types of turbines, including steam turbines, gas turbines, water (hydraulic) turbines, and wind turbines. Each type operates on the same basic principle of converting fluid flow into mechanical energy, but they differ in the type of fluid they use and their specific design. For example, steam turbines use high-pressure steam, gas turbines use combustion gases, water turbines use flowing water, and wind turbines use air currents.

What is the role of the turbine blades in energy conversion?

The turbine blades are critical components that interact directly with the fluid to convert its kinetic energy into mechanical energy. The design and angle of the blades are optimized to maximize efficiency and energy transfer. As the fluid flows over the blades, it imparts force, causing the blades and the rotor to spin.

How is the efficiency of a turbine measured and optimized?

The efficiency of a turbine is measured by comparing the mechanical energy output to the kinetic energy input from the fluid. It is typically expressed as a percentage. Efficiency can be optimized through careful design of the turbine blades, minimizing energy losses due to friction and turbulence, and maintaining optimal operating conditions such as fluid pressure and flow rate.

What are the common applications of turbines in industry?

Turbines are widely used in various industries for power generation and mechanical work. Common applications include electricity generation in power plants (using steam, gas, or water turbines), propulsion systems in aircraft and ships (using gas turbines), and renewable energy generation (using wind turbines). They are also used in industrial processes requiring mechanical drive power.

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