Does Matter Really Move Like a Wave and Hit Like a Particle?

In summary, the question "Does Matter Really Move Like a Wave and Hit Like a Particle?" explores the dual nature of matter in quantum mechanics, highlighting how particles such as electrons exhibit both wave-like and particle-like behaviors. This duality is a fundamental aspect of quantum theory, illustrated by phenomena like the double-slit experiment, which demonstrates that particles can interfere like waves while also being detected as discrete entities. The ongoing debate and research into this duality continue to deepen our understanding of the quantum realm and challenge classical notions of physics.
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elou
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TL;DR Summary
Waves are a perceptual phenomena, not a physical one
This is meant as a challenge to look more closely than we usually do to the concepts of "wave" and "particle". You often hear that matters moves as a wave but hits at a particle, making it sound like a super Mohamed Ali's "move like a butterfly and sting like a bee".
To give a simple example I would say that, as a group, water molecules move like a wave, but each molecule moves like a particle.
 
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  • #2
We can physically measure waves with physical devices in a variety of physical experiments, so saying that they are not physical is rather unjustifiable.
 
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What is being measured is of course physical. But what is being measured?
We all know that all water molecules do is move up and down, and hardly forward and backward. We certainly see a wave, but if we slowed down our vision a few million times or more, all we would see are individual molecules moving up and down.
 
  • #4
elou said:
What is being measured is of course physical. But what is being measured?
A wave. What is measured has all of the properties and behaviors that a wave is supposed to have, so it is a wave.

If an object walks like a duck and quacks like a duck and has all of the other properties and behaviors attributed to ducks then it is a duck.
 
  • #5
elou said:
You often hear that matters moves as a wave but hits at a particle,
Yes, we often hear that. It is an attempt to simplify quantum mechanics by describing quantum mechanics in layman-friendly language, not an accurate explanation of how quantum mechanics works and the role of "waves" in the theory.

Because the starting point of this thread is a misconception we are closing the thread.
OP is reminded of the forum rule about acceptable sources - "will often hear" is not the starting point for an informed discussion..
 
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FAQ: Does Matter Really Move Like a Wave and Hit Like a Particle?

What is wave-particle duality?

Wave-particle duality is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics that describes how every particle or quantum entity, such as electrons and photons, exhibits both wave-like and particle-like properties. This duality is a cornerstone of quantum theory, illustrating that matter and energy can behave as both particles and waves depending on the experimental conditions.

How was wave-particle duality discovered?

Wave-particle duality was discovered through a series of experiments in the early 20th century. Key experiments include the double-slit experiment, which showed that particles such as electrons create an interference pattern, characteristic of waves, when not observed. Conversely, when observed, they behave like particles. Additionally, the photoelectric effect demonstrated that light, traditionally considered a wave, could eject electrons from a metal surface as if it were made of particles (photons).

Can you give an example of wave-particle duality in action?

A classic example of wave-particle duality is the behavior of electrons in the double-slit experiment. When electrons pass through two closely spaced slits and are not observed, they form an interference pattern on a screen behind the slits, indicating wave-like behavior. However, if a detector is used to observe which slit an electron passes through, the interference pattern disappears, and the electrons behave like particles, hitting the screen in two distinct bands corresponding to the slits.

How does wave-particle duality affect our understanding of the universe?

Wave-particle duality challenges classical intuitions about the nature of reality and forces us to reconsider how we understand the behavior of matter and energy. It has profound implications for fields such as quantum mechanics, quantum computing, and quantum field theory. This duality suggests that the universe at its most fundamental level operates in ways that are fundamentally different from our macroscopic experiences, leading to new technologies and deeper insights into the nature of existence.

Is wave-particle duality applicable to all particles?

Yes, wave-particle duality is applicable to all particles, not just photons and electrons. According to quantum mechanics, all matter exhibits both wave-like and particle-like properties. This includes larger particles such as atoms and even molecules, although the wave-like properties become less noticeable as the size of the particle increases. This universality of wave-particle duality underscores its fundamental role in the behavior of all quantum systems.

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