Thermal expansion of oil overflowing from a tank

In summary, thermal expansion of oil occurs when the temperature of the oil increases, causing it to expand and potentially overflow from a tank. This phenomenon is influenced by the properties of the oil and the design of the tank. Proper management, including temperature monitoring and adequate tank capacity, is essential to prevent spills and ensure safe operation. Understanding the thermal expansion characteristics of oil can help in planning for fluctuations in temperature and maintaining system integrity.
  • #1
Doct3r88
2
0
Homework Statement
A waste handling machine requires a cube shaped steel oil tank of side length 100mm to be designed which will be subject to a fluid pressure of 80MN/m². The oil tank as an overflow valve fitted to the top of the tank, the tank is completely filled with oil at an optimum operating temperature of 50°C, under your investigations in the R&D dept it was found that the oil temperature could rise to 78°C depending on the operating time and external environmental temperature. Ignoring the fluid pressure, determine how much oil will overflow from the tank. Take the volumetric coefficient of expansion of the oil as 764 x 10-6 °C -1 and the linear coefficient of expansion of steel as 12 x 10-6 °C -1.
Relevant Equations
∆L=αL_0 ∆T
δV_o=V_o*β*∆T
Just wanted to know if I was barking up the wrong bush or not with my working out if anyone could help?
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  • #2
You are multiplying the volumetric expansion of the oil by 3. I am not sure why.
It the intention is to convert it from a linear expansion to a volumetric expansion, then it is wrong, because at the bottom of page 1 you are defining it ( ##a_0## ) to be volumetric already.
 
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  • #3
Ah yes I see what you're saying I think I misread the example given and to go from linear to volumetric I would have had to multiply by 3 thank you. Amended now to get 20.3717mm^3*10^-3.

My doubt was over whether I had gone about working out the expansion of the steel tank correctly or whether I should have converted the steel linear expansion into volumetric then subtracted them from one another.
 

FAQ: Thermal expansion of oil overflowing from a tank

What is thermal expansion and how does it affect oil in a tank?

Thermal expansion is the increase in volume of a substance due to an increase in temperature. For oil in a tank, this means that as the temperature rises, the oil expands and takes up more space. This can cause the oil to overflow if the tank does not have enough extra capacity to accommodate the increased volume.

How can I calculate the thermal expansion of oil in a tank?

You can calculate the thermal expansion of oil using the formula: ΔV = V0 * β * ΔT, where ΔV is the change in volume, V0 is the initial volume, β is the coefficient of thermal expansion for the specific type of oil, and ΔT is the change in temperature. This will give you the increase in volume due to the temperature change.

What factors influence the thermal expansion of oil?

The thermal expansion of oil is influenced by several factors, including the type of oil (each type has its own coefficient of thermal expansion), the initial volume of the oil, and the temperature change. The material of the tank and its ability to absorb heat can also play a role.

How can I prevent oil from overflowing due to thermal expansion?

To prevent oil from overflowing due to thermal expansion, you can ensure that the tank is not filled to its maximum capacity, allowing room for expansion. Installing an expansion tank or using a tank with a floating roof can also help manage the increased volume. Additionally, monitoring the temperature and adjusting the volume of oil accordingly can help prevent overflow.

What are the safety concerns related to oil overflowing due to thermal expansion?

Oil overflowing from a tank due to thermal expansion can pose several safety concerns, including environmental pollution, fire hazards, and potential damage to surrounding equipment and infrastructure. It is important to have proper containment measures and safety protocols in place to mitigate these risks.

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