Thermodynamics - Adiabatic Compression

In summary, a monatomic ideal gas is initially at a pressure of 1.60×105Pa and a volume of 8.50×10−2m3. It is compressed adiabatically to a volume of 4.00×10−2m3. The final pressure is 5.63E5 and the ratio of the final temperature to the initial temperature is 1.65. The work done by the gas during the compression can be determined using the equation dW = -pdV. However, the speaker is unsure of how to determine work in an adiabatic system.
  • #1
ghostops
14
0
A monatomic ideal gas that is initially at a pressure of 1.60×105Pa and with a volume of 8.50×10−2m3 is compressed adiabatically to a volume of 4.00×10−2m3

A) What is the final pressure? - 5.63E5

B) How much work is done by the gas during the compression?

C) What is the ratio of the final temperature of the gas to its initial temperature? - T2/T1 = 1.65



dU = -W
nCvdT = -pdV

The problem I am having is actually knowing how to determine work done in an adiabatic system outside of using the change in internal energy. I am at a loss of what to do.
 
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  • #3
rude man said:
How about dW = -pdV?

Make that pdV.
 

FAQ: Thermodynamics - Adiabatic Compression

1. What is adiabatic compression?

Adiabatic compression is a process in thermodynamics where a gas is compressed without any heat exchange with its surroundings. This means that the temperature of the gas remains constant during the compression, and the work done on the gas is converted into an increase in internal energy.

2. How is adiabatic compression different from isothermal compression?

Adiabatic compression differs from isothermal compression in that in adiabatic compression, there is no heat transfer between the gas and its surroundings, while in isothermal compression, the temperature remains constant through heat exchange with the surroundings. Additionally, adiabatic compression results in an increase in internal energy, while isothermal compression results in no change in internal energy.

3. What is the adiabatic compression equation?

The adiabatic compression equation is PV^γ = constant, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, and γ is the adiabatic index. This equation represents the relationship between pressure and volume during adiabatic compression, and it can be used to calculate changes in pressure or volume.

4. What is the significance of adiabatic compression in thermodynamics?

Adiabatic compression is significant in thermodynamics because it allows us to understand the behavior of gases under certain conditions. It is also an important concept in the study of heat engines, as it relates to the efficiency of these systems. Additionally, adiabatic processes are often used in industrial processes such as compressors and turbines.

5. What are some real-life examples of adiabatic compression?

Some real-life examples of adiabatic compression include the compression of air in a bicycle pump, the compression of gases in a diesel engine, and the compression of refrigerant in an air conditioner. These processes involve the compression of gases without any heat exchange with the surroundings, making them adiabatic processes.

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