Three-Particle Quantum Nonlocality under Strict Locality Conditions

In summary, a new paper has been posted to the archives featuring an experiment by a top team in quantum mechanics. This team has extended their previous work on Bell tests to include GHZ states and close the detection loophole. The experiment involves three-photon entangled states and successfully violates Mermin's inequality while closing the locality and related freedom-of-choice loopholes. They also only had to make the fair-sampling assumption, making this a significant advance towards definitive tests of quantum mechanics. The setup is complex and includes detailed diagrams. This experiment follows another one that closed the detection loophole using ions.
  • #1
DrChinese
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Just posted to the archives is a great new paper from a top experimental team. These are some of the same individuals that performed the now standard citation regarding a Bell test under strict locality conditions. They have now extended their concept to GHZ states, and also close the Detection loophole while they are at it.

http://arxiv.org/abs/1309.1379

Experimental Three-Particle Quantum Nonlocality under Strict Locality Conditions

C. Erven, E. Meyer-Scott, K. Fisher, J. Lavoie, B. L. Higgins, Z. Yan, C. J. Pugh, J.-P. Bourgoin, R. Prevedel, L. K. Shalm, L. Richards, N. Gigov, R. Laflamme, G. Weihs, T. Jennewein, K. J. Resch
(Submitted on 5 Sep 2013)

"Quantum correlations are critical to our understanding of nature, with far-reaching technological and fundamental impact. These often manifest as violations of Bell's inequalities, bounds derived from the assumptions of locality and realism, concepts integral to classical physics. Many tests of Bell's inequalities have studied pairs of correlated particles; however, the immense interest in multi-particle quantum correlations is driving the experimental frontier to test systems beyond just pairs. All experimental violations of Bell's inequalities to date require supplementary assumptions, opening the results to one or more loopholes, the closing of which is one of the most important challenges in quantum science. Individual loopholes have been closed in experiments with pairs of particles and a very recent result closed the detection loophole in a six ion experiment. No experiment thus far has closed the locality loopholes with three or more particles. Here, we distribute three-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger entangled states using optical fibre and free-space links to independent measurement stations. The measured correlations constitute a test of Mermin's inequality while closing both the locality and related freedom-of-choice loopholes due to our experimental configuration and timing. We measured a Mermin parameter of 2.77 +/- 0.08, violating the inequality bound of 2 by over 9 standard deviations, with minimum tolerances for the locality and freedom-of-choice loopholes of 264 +/- 28 ns and 304 +/- 25 ns, respectively. These results represent a significant advance towards definitive tests of the foundations of quantum mechanics and practical multi-party quantum communications protocols."

The write up features some tremendous detail on the setup, which is quite complex. Nice diagrams too. They "report the experimental violation of the three-particle Mermin’s inequality closing both the locality and freedom-of-choice loopholes, having to make only the fair-sampling assumption." GHZ experiments are interesting because each individual trial is expected to yield a result in conflict with local realistic descriptions. Bell tests, by contrast, show this conflict only as a statistical difference over a large number of trials.

Enjoy!
 
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  • #2
I think they only close the locality and freedom of choice loopholes. They make reference to another experiment that closed the detection loophole, using ions.
 
  • #3
How did they close the freedom of choice loophole? Isn't superdetermnism unfalsifiable?
 
  • #4
StevieTNZ said:
I think they only close the locality and freedom of choice loopholes. They make reference to another experiment that closed the detection loophole, using ions.

fully concur.


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FAQ: Three-Particle Quantum Nonlocality under Strict Locality Conditions

What is three-particle quantum nonlocality?

Three-particle quantum nonlocality refers to the phenomenon in quantum mechanics where three or more particles can exhibit correlations that cannot be explained by classical theories. This means that the behavior of one particle can affect the behavior of another particle instantaneously, even if they are separated by a large distance.

What are strict locality conditions?

Strict locality conditions refer to the assumption in quantum mechanics that the behavior of a particle is only influenced by its immediate surroundings. This means that there is no action at a distance and that particles cannot communicate with each other faster than the speed of light.

Why is three-particle quantum nonlocality important?

Three-particle quantum nonlocality is important because it challenges our understanding of the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics and the nature of reality. It also has potential applications in quantum information processing and communication.

How is three-particle quantum nonlocality studied?

Three-particle quantum nonlocality is studied using various experimental setups and theoretical models. These include Bell inequality tests, entanglement swapping experiments, and quantum state tomography. Researchers also use mathematical frameworks such as quantum information theory and quantum entanglement to understand and quantify three-particle nonlocality.

What are the implications of three-particle quantum nonlocality?

The implications of three-particle quantum nonlocality are still being explored and debated. Some argue that it challenges our understanding of causality and locality, while others see it as evidence for the existence of hidden variables. It also has implications for the foundations of quantum mechanics and our understanding of the universe at a fundamental level.

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