Time Dilation: Traveling to a Distant Star in 4.5yr

In summary, the time to reach a star 100 lyr away on a spaceship traveling at 0.999c is approximately 4.5 years due to length contraction. However, on Earth, this same journey is seen as 100 years due to the observer's perspective being primarily rooted on Earth. This is because the distance from Earth to the star appears shorter in the frame of the spaceship, resulting in a shorter time for the journey.
  • #1
versine
24
5
If there is a spaceship traveling at 0.999c, the time to reach a star 100 lyr away would be approx 100 yr (assuming no accel and decel). But on the spaceship, It would be 100 yr * sqrt(1-0.999^2) = 4.5yr.

Why do we take 100 yr as the time seen on Earth and not the time on the spaceship?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
Because presumably we are on Earth? Your question is not clear. The times are specific and different.
 
  • Like
Likes Vanadium 50
  • #3
Because most people's perspective is primarily rooted on Earth, so when we talk about distances, speeds, and time we usually only specifically state the reference frame when it is different from Earth's.
 
  • #4
versine said:
If there is a spaceship traveling at 0.999c, the time to reach a star 100 lyr away would be approx 100 yr (assuming no accel and decel). But on the spaceship, It would be 100 yr * sqrt(1-0.999^2) = 4.5yr.

Why do we take 100 yr as the time seen on Earth and not the time on the spaceship?
Because the (length contracted) distance from Earth to the star in the frame of the spaceship is only
##100 lyr * \sqrt{1-0.999^2} = 4.5 lyr##.
 
  • #5
versine said:
Why do we take 100 yr as the time seen on Earth and not the time on the spaceship?
Because that’s how much time a clock at rest on Earth (strictly speaking, at rest relative to the spaceship before it started on the journey) would count between the departure event and the arrival event.
There is a subtlety here: someone back on Earth doesn’t see the spaceship arrive at the destination at time 100; they see the arrival event happen after their clock has counted off 200 years (the light took 100 years to reach their eyes). Only after they subtract the light travel time from 200 do they conclude that the spaceship arrived at the same time that their clock had counted off 100 years.
 
  • Like
Likes vanhees71, versine and hutchphd

FAQ: Time Dilation: Traveling to a Distant Star in 4.5yr

What is time dilation?

Time dilation is a phenomenon in which time appears to pass slower for an object that is moving at high speeds or is in a strong gravitational field. This is due to the theory of relativity, which states that time and space are relative and can be affected by the speed and mass of an object.

How does time dilation affect traveling to a distant star in 4.5 years?

If a person were to travel to a distant star that is 4.5 light years away (meaning it takes light 4.5 years to reach it), they would experience time dilation. This means that while only 4.5 years would pass for the person on the spaceship, much more time would have passed on Earth. This is because the spaceship is traveling at high speeds, causing time to pass slower for the person on board.

Can time dilation be observed in everyday life?

Yes, time dilation can be observed in everyday life, although the effects are very small. For example, GPS satellites have to account for time dilation in order for their precise location measurements to be accurate. Additionally, astronauts who spend extended periods of time in space experience time dilation compared to those on Earth.

Is time dilation a proven concept?

Yes, time dilation has been proven through various experiments and observations. The most famous example is the Hafele-Keating experiment in 1971, in which atomic clocks were flown around the world and showed a difference in time compared to stationary clocks. Additionally, the effects of time dilation have been observed in particle accelerators and through astronomical observations.

Can time dilation be reversed?

No, time dilation cannot be reversed. Once an object has experienced time dilation, it cannot go back to its original state. This is because time is relative and cannot be reversed. However, the effects of time dilation can be counteracted by slowing down the object's speed or reducing its mass.

Similar threads

Back
Top