Two particles moving in a central potential

In summary, two particles are moving in a central potential, where the potential has the form V(r1, r2) = -a/(|r1-r2|^1.5). The central potential is a force field that acts on the particles, with the force directed along the line connecting them and the magnitude dependent on their distance of separation. V(r1, r2) represents the potential energy of the system, not the sum of two individual potential energies.
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Fibo112
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Homework Statement



Two particles move in a central potential. The potential has the form V(r1, r2)=-a/(/r1-r2/^1.5)...

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


I am having trouble understanding what it means for two particles to move in a central potential. From what I understand a central potential is a force field whose force on any given particle points in the direction of a specific point and whose magnitude only depends on the distance r from that point. Does V(r1,r2) mean the sum of the potential energies of the two particles? This doesn't seem to make much sense based on the definition of V(r1,r2).
 
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Fibo112 said:

Homework Statement



Two particles move in a central potential. The potential has the form V(r1, r2)=-a/(/r1-r2/^1.5)...
Just to be clear, do the / 's inside the parentheses represent absolute value? Do r1 and r2 represent position vectors?

I am having trouble understanding what it means for two particles to move in a central potential. From what I understand a central potential is a force field whose force on any given particle points in the direction of a specific point and whose magnitude only depends on the distance r from that point.
In this problem, "central force" means that each particle experiences a force from the other particle directed along the line connecting the particles (either attractive or repulsive). The magnitude of the force depends only on the distance of separation ##| \vec r_1 -\vec r_2|##

Does V(r1, r2) mean the sum of the potential energies of the two particles? This doesn't seem to make much sense based on the definition of V(r1,r2).
##V(\vec r_1, \vec r_2)## is the potential energy of the 2-particle system. It is not the sum of two potential energies.
 
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Related to Two particles moving in a central potential

1. What is a central potential?

A central potential is a type of force field where the force acting on a particle is directed towards a fixed point, known as the center. This type of potential is commonly used to describe the motion of particles in a system, such as in celestial mechanics or the motion of electrons around an atomic nucleus.

2. How do two particles interact in a central potential?

In a central potential, the force between two particles is always directed towards the center of the potential. The particles will move in a circular or elliptical orbit around the center, depending on the strength and shape of the potential.

3. What is the equation for the motion of two particles in a central potential?

The equation for the motion of two particles in a central potential is given by the Newton's second law of motion, F = ma, where F is the force acting on the particle, m is the mass of the particle, and a is the acceleration. In the case of a central potential, the force can be expressed as the product of the mass of the particle, its velocity, and the gradient of the potential function.

4. How does the shape of the potential affect the motion of the particles?

The shape of the potential directly affects the motion of the particles. A more steeply sloped potential will result in a stronger force and faster motion, while a flatter potential will result in a weaker force and slower motion. The shape of the potential can also determine the type of orbit the particles will follow.

5. What are some real-life examples of two particles moving in a central potential?

One example of two particles moving in a central potential is the Earth and the Sun. The Sun's gravitational force acts as a central potential, causing the Earth to orbit around it. Another example is the motion of electrons around the nucleus in an atom, where the positively charged nucleus creates a central potential for the negatively charged electrons.

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