Electrostatics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of electric charges at rest. It involves the understanding of how electric charges interact with each other and with electric fields.
An electric field is a region in which an electric charge experiences a force. It is created by other electric charges and can be represented by electric field lines.
Coulomb's Law is a fundamental law in electrostatics that describes the force between two electric charges. It states that the force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of their magnitudes and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Conductors are materials that allow electric charges to move freely, while insulators are materials that inhibit the movement of electric charges. This is due to the difference in the number of free electrons in the materials.
Electrostatics has numerous practical applications in everyday life, such as in the functioning of electronic devices, generators, and motors. It is also used in air purifiers, photocopiers, and spray painting. Furthermore, it plays a crucial role in the understanding of lightning and the buildup of static electricity in our clothes and hair.