Understanding Pascal's, Bernoulli's, Hagen-Poiseulle equations

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In summary: Bernoulli's and Hagen-Poiseulle's equations are both derived from energy conservation and Newton's law of viscosity, and both have assumptions that must be met for them to be valid. The equations can be written in different forms, such as with a minus sign for Hagen-Poiseulle's equation, but this is just a matter of reference and does not change the principles behind the equations. In summary, Pascal's, Bernoulli's, and Hagen-Poiseulle's equations are all used to calculate pressure difference, but have different applications and assumptions.
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ana111790
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This is more of a general question rather than a specific problem. I just want to verify that my understanding of these principles is correct:

As far as I know all three are used to calculate pressure difference.
  • Pascal's is used for fluid not in motion, like the typical manometer set-up.
    [tex]\Delta[/tex]P = [tex]\rho[/tex]g[tex]\Delta[/tex]h
    P2-P1 = [tex]\rho[/tex]g h2-h1 Is this the correct form? I have seen the equation written as
    [tex]\Delta[/tex]P = - [tex]\rho[/tex]g[tex]\Delta[/tex]h (with the minus) is that just a reference choice?​
  • Bernoulli's is used for a fluid in motion, with the assumptions that it is inviscous, isothermal, incompressible, steady-state and there's no shaft work.
    y2 + v22/2g + P2/([tex]\rho[/tex]g) = y1 + v12/2g + P1/([tex]\rho[/tex]g)​
  • Hagen-Poiseulle is used for a fluid in motion, if the fluid is Newtonian, incompressible, continuous, fully developed, laminar, steady-state and with negligible hydrostatic effects.
    P1-P2= 128[tex]\mu[/tex]LQ/([tex]\pi[/tex]d4)
    Is the P1-P2 just a matter of reference also? (meaning can it be written as P2-P1

Are these correct? Bernoulli's and Hagen-Poiseulle's are derived from energy conservation and Newton's law of viscosity, whereas Pascal's is derived from summation of the forces on a fluid element, so are there any assumptions to be made when using Pascal's?
Is the slip condition only valid for viscous fluid flow? Is the viscous flow the only case when the velocity profile of the flow is parabolic?

Thank you very much.
 
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Yes, your understanding of the principles is correct. Pascal's Law is derived from the summation of forces on a fluid element and does not require any assumptions. The slip condition is only valid for viscous fluid flow, and the velocity profile for viscous flow is parabolic.
 

FAQ: Understanding Pascal's, Bernoulli's, Hagen-Poiseulle equations

1. What is Pascal's equation and how is it used in science?

Pascal's equation, also known as Pascal's principle, states that pressure applied to a fluid in a closed container is transmitted equally in all directions. This is the basis for hydraulic systems and is used in various fields such as engineering and medicine.

2. Can you explain Bernoulli's equation and its significance?

Bernoulli's equation describes the relationship between the speed of a fluid and its pressure. It states that as the speed of a fluid increases, its pressure decreases. This principle is used in aerodynamics and fluid dynamics to understand the behavior of fluids in motion.

3. How is the Hagen-Poiseuille equation used in fluid mechanics?

The Hagen-Poiseuille equation is used to calculate the rate of flow of a fluid through a pipe or tube. It takes into account the viscosity of the fluid, the length and diameter of the pipe, and the pressure difference between the two ends. This equation is commonly used in engineering and medical applications.

4. What are some real-life applications of these equations?

These equations have various real-life applications, such as in the design of airplane wings and propellers using Bernoulli's equation, in the functioning of hydraulic brakes and lifts using Pascal's equation, and in the measurement of blood flow and respiratory function using the Hagen-Poiseuille equation.

5. Are these equations related to each other in any way?

Yes, these equations are all related to the behavior of fluids and are derived from different principles and assumptions. However, they can also be combined and used together in certain scenarios, such as in the analysis of fluid flow in a pipe with changing diameter using both Bernoulli's and Hagen-Poiseuille equations.

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