Understanding the Automatic Formation of Lie Subgroups in a Lie Group

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In summary, the conversation discusses the fact that if $G$ is a Lie group and $H$ is a subgroup defined by the vanishing of a number of real-valued functions, then $H$ is automatically a Lie subgroup of $G$ without needing to check the maximal rank conditions of the $F_i$. However, this statement is not always true and can be easily disproved. The conversation also mentions the theorem that a closed subgroup of a Lie group is also a Lie group.
  • #1
hunhengy
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Recently, I read the follow paragraph:

Let $G$ be a Lie group. If $H$ is a subgroup defined by the vanishing of a number of (continuous) real-valued functions
$$H=\{g\in G| F_i(g)=0, i=1,2,\cdots,n\},$$
then $H$ is automatically a Lie subgroup of $G$. We do not need to check the maximal rank conditions of the $F_i$.

Why is $H$ autonmatically a Lie subgroup of $G$? Why should not need to check the maximal rank conditions of the $F_i$?
 
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  • #2
This statement is not true as it is easy to construct a couter example, for instance for G=R.The statement would be true if you would require f(ab)=f(a)+f(b), f(e)=0.
 
  • #3
The statement is true (since we're assuming H is a subgroup).

Are you familiar with the theorem that a (topologically) closed subgroup of a Lie group is a Lie group?
 
  • #4
You are right. I missed the part that H was assumed to be a subgroup.
 
  • #5
I know this statement is right. The only thing is that I can not check it by the definition of Lie Group? Why should not need to check the maximal rank conditions of the $F_i$?
 

FAQ: Understanding the Automatic Formation of Lie Subgroups in a Lie Group

What is a Lie subgroup?

A Lie subgroup is a subgroup of a Lie group, which is a type of mathematical object that combines the ideas of a group and a smooth manifold. Lie subgroups inherit the smooth structure of the larger Lie group and are themselves smooth manifolds.

How does a Lie subgroup differ from a regular subgroup?

Lie subgroups are distinguished by their smoothness, which means they have a well-defined tangent space at every point. This allows for the use of differential calculus and differential equations in studying their properties. Regular subgroups, on the other hand, do not have this smooth structure and are often discrete or finite groups.

What are some examples of Lie subgroups?

Some examples of Lie subgroups include the special orthogonal group, the special unitary group, and the special linear group. These are all subgroups of the general linear group, which is a Lie group.

What is the significance of Lie subgroups in physics?

Lie subgroups play a crucial role in the mathematical foundations of physics, particularly in the study of symmetry and conservation laws. The symmetry group of a physical system is often a Lie group, and its subgroups correspond to different types of symmetries that the system possesses.

Are all subgroups of a Lie group also Lie subgroups?

No, not all subgroups of a Lie group are Lie subgroups. In order for a subgroup to be a Lie subgroup, it must inherit the smooth structure of the larger group. This is not always the case, as there are subgroups that do not have a well-defined tangent space at every point and therefore cannot be considered smooth manifolds.

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