The Zeeman Effect is a phenomenon that describes the splitting of spectral lines in the presence of a magnetic field. It was first observed by Dutch physicist Pieter Zeeman in the late 19th century.
The Zeeman Effect occurs when the energy levels of an atom or molecule are affected by an external magnetic field. This causes the spectral lines to split into multiple components, known as the Zeeman effect interaction.
The Zeeman Effect is significant in understanding the structure of atoms and molecules, as it provides information about the magnetic properties of these particles. It has also been used in various applications such as in spectroscopy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and astrophysics.
The strength of the magnetic field, the type of atom or molecule, and the orientation of the magnetic field relative to the light source all affect the Zeeman Effect. The strength of the effect also depends on the energy difference between the energy levels of the atom or molecule.
The Zeeman Effect can be measured by observing the splitting of spectral lines using various techniques such as spectroscopy or optical filters. The measurements can then be used to calculate the strength of the magnetic field and the energy difference between the energy levels of the atom or molecule.