Unique Factorization Domain? Nature of Q_Z[x] - 2

[Math Amateur]

Let $$\mathbb{Q}_\mathbb{Z}[x]$$ denote the set of polynomials with rational coefficients and integer constant terms.

Prove that the only two units in $$\mathbb{Q}_\mathbb{Z}[x]$$ are 1 and -1.

Help with this exercise would be appreciated.

My initial thoughts on this exercise are as follows:

1 and -1 are the units of \(\displaystyle \mathbb{Z} \). Further the constant terms of the polynomials are from \(\displaystyle \mathbb{Z} \) and so I suspect the units of $$\mathbb{Q}_\mathbb{Z}[x]$$ are thus 1 and -1 - but this is not a rigorous proof - indeed it is extremely vague!

Can someone help with a rigorous formulation of these thoughts into a formal proof.

I suspect that such a proof would start as follows:

Units of $$\mathbb{Q}_\mathbb{Z}[x]$$ would be those p(x) and q(x) such that

p(x)q(x) = 1

can you just assert now that the only possible polynomials in $$\mathbb{Q}_\mathbb{Z}[x]$$ would be 1 and -1 - what reason would you give - is it obvious?

Hope someone can clarify.

Peter

[This exercise is also posted on MHF]

 

[Siron]

Yes, it's obvious.
In fact, you can't define the invers of a non-constant polynomial. How would you for example define the invers polynomial of $x^2-1$? Hence, the only invertible polynomials are the constant polynomials. Since the constant polynomials are integers and $-1$ and $1$ are the only invertible integers they are the only units in the set $\mathbb{Q}_{\mathbb{Z}}[X]$