Using Residue Calculus to evaluate real integrals

In summary, the conversation is about calculating the definite integral of dx/(4+3cos(x)) from 0 to 2pi. The individual solved the problem by finding the value of f(z) and using the formula for finding the residue at a pole to get the final answer of 6*pi/sqrt(7). However, they later realized they made a mistake in finding the value of f(z) and the correct answer should be 2*pi/sqrt(7). They also mention a similar mistake in calculating the definite integral of dx/(5+4sin(x)) from 0 to 2pi.
  • #1
towanda
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I need to calculate the definite integral of dx/(4+3cos(x)) from 0 to 2pi.

I believe that the integral from 0 to 2pi of (f(e^ix))*i*(e^ix)dx is equivalent to the integral over the unit circle of f(z)dz.
If that's true, then this problem boils down to finding f(z) so that f(z)iz=1/(4+(3/2)(z+z^-1) since cosx=(1/2)(e^ix+e^-1x).
This gives f(z)=-2i/(3z^2+8z+3) which has poles at (-4-√7)/3 and (-4+√7)/3, and only the latter lies within the unit circle, so the value of our integral ought to just be 2*pi*i*Res(f,(-4+√7)/3)=(2*pi*i)*1/((-4+√7)/3-(-4-√7)/3)=2*pi*i*(3/2√7)=6*pi/√7.

However, when I checked my result on Wolframalpha, I was off by a factor of 3. They had 2*pi/√7.

Where did I go wrong?

Note: I also tried to calculate thedefinite integral of dx/(5+4sin(x)) from 0 to 2pi and ended up off by a factor of 2 according again to Wolfram.

Please help.
 
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  • #2
Nevermind. I found it. I had forgotten about the coefficient on z^2 when I wrote the denominator in factored form which brings an additional factor of 3 into the denominator.
 

FAQ: Using Residue Calculus to evaluate real integrals

What is residue calculus?

Residue calculus is a mathematical technique used to evaluate complex integrals. It involves using the residues (singular points) of a complex function to calculate the integral.

How is residue calculus different from traditional integration methods?

Unlike traditional integration methods, which rely on techniques such as substitution and integration by parts, residue calculus uses the properties of complex numbers and residues to evaluate integrals. It is particularly useful for complex integrals that cannot be evaluated using traditional methods.

What types of integrals can be evaluated using residue calculus?

Residue calculus can be used to evaluate integrals that have singular points (also known as poles) in their complex plane. These include integrals with trigonometric, exponential, and logarithmic functions, as well as integrals with rational functions.

How is the residue of a function calculated?

The residue of a function at a singular point is equal to the coefficient of the term with the highest negative power in the Laurent series expansion of the function around that point. In simpler terms, it is the number that remains when the denominator of the function is set to zero at the singular point.

What are some practical applications of residue calculus?

Residue calculus has many applications in physics, engineering, and other fields. It can be used to calculate the values of definite integrals, determine the stability of solutions in differential equations, and even solve problems in fluid dynamics and quantum mechanics.

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