Velocities and Acceleration on a rolling wheel

In summary, the conversation discusses the velocity and acceleration of a car traveling at 80km/h on a level road, with each tire having a diameter of 66 cm. The velocity and acceleration of the center, top, and bottom of the tire are calculated relative to a person in the car and a hitchhiker sitting next to the road. The velocity of the center and bottom of the tire are both 0m/s, while the top has a velocity of 22.2m/s in the direction of the car's motion. The accelerations of the center, top, and bottom of the tire are 0m/s2, 1500m/s2, and -1500m/s2 respectively.
  • #1
Ignitia
I have to be missing something very obvious in this.

Homework Statement


A car travels 80km/h on a level road in the positive direction of an x axis. Each tire has a diameter of 66 cm. Relative to a person riding in the car, what is the velocity of a) center, b)top, and c) bottom of the tire? What are the accelerations of the d) center, e)top, and f) bottom of the tire? Relative to a hitchhiker sitting next to the road, what is the velocity of g) center, h)top, and i) bottom of the tire? What are the accelerations of the j) center, k)top, and l) bottom of the tire?

Homework Equations


80km/h = 22.2m/s
r = 33cm = .33m

a = v2/r

For rolling motions
Vtop =2*Vcom (since V from rotation plus V from translation of the rolling wheel makes 2V)
Vbot = 0 (since V from rotation cancels out V from translation of the rolling wheel)

The Attempt at a Solution



a: 0m/s
b: 22.2m/s
c: -22.2m/s
These are correct.

d: a = v2/r = 02/.33 = 0m/s2
e: a = v2/r = 22.22/.33 = 1500m/s2
f: a = v2/r = -22.22/.33 = -1500m/s2
These are correct.

The second part is what is throwing me off.
g: 22.2m/s (moving same velocity as car, so correct)
h: Vtop =2*Vcom = 2*22.2m/s = 44.4m/s (correct)
i: Vbot = 0 (correct)

j: a = 0m/s2 (car, hence wheel center, moving at constant velocity, no acceleration. Correct.)
k: ?
l: ?

The answers are 1500m/s2 and -1500m/s2 respectively. Can someone please explain how?
 
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  • #2
The velocity of a point on the tire is the vector sum of the velocity of the center of the wheel (an unchanging constant) and the velocity about the center. So both the person in the car and the hitchhiker see that velocity change in exactly the same way. Remember that acceleration is the change in velocity.
 
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  • #3
Alright, got it now. Thank you!
 

FAQ: Velocities and Acceleration on a rolling wheel

What is velocity?

Velocity is a measure of the rate and direction of an object's motion. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude (speed) and direction.

What is acceleration?

Acceleration is the rate of change of an object's velocity. It is also a vector quantity and can be caused by changes in speed, direction, or both.

How does a rolling wheel's velocity change over time?

As a rolling wheel moves, its velocity changes due to the forces acting upon it. In the absence of any external forces, the wheel's velocity will remain constant due to its inertia.

What is the relationship between velocity and acceleration on a rolling wheel?

The velocity of a rolling wheel is directly proportional to its acceleration. This means that as the wheel's acceleration increases, so does its velocity, and vice versa.

How does the shape and size of a wheel affect its velocity and acceleration?

The shape and size of a wheel can affect its velocity and acceleration by changing the distribution of mass and the distance from the axis of rotation. A larger wheel with more mass will have a higher inertia, making it more resistant to changes in velocity and acceleration.

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