Very simple Lagrangian mechanics problem

In summary, the problem discusses a mass moving on a frictionless plane with a slope at an angle \alpha with the horizontal. The Lagrangian is written in terms of coordinates x and y, with the inclusion of gravitational potential energy. The two Lagrange equations are found and it is shown that there is only one generalized coordinate y. The problem is interpreted as x varying along the width of the plane and the motion happening in the x-y plane.
  • #1
Je m'appelle
120
0

Homework Statement


[/B]
Consider a mass [itex]m[/itex] moving in a frictionless plane that slopes at an angle [itex]\alpha[/itex] with the horizontal.
Write down the Lagrangian [itex]\mathcal{L}[/itex] in terms of coordinates [itex]x[/itex] measured horizontally across the slope, and [itex]y[/itex],
measured down the slope. (Treat the system as two-dimensional, but include the gravitational potential
energy.) Find the two Lagrange equations and show that they are what you should have expected.

Homework Equations



1. The Lagrangian, in terms of the kinetic energy [itex]T[/itex] and potential energy [itex]U[/itex]

[tex]\mathcal{L} = T - U [/tex]

2. The Lagrange equation, for a generalized coordinate [itex]q_i[/itex]

[tex]\frac{\partial \mathcal{L}}{\partial q_i} = \frac{d}{dt} \left( \frac{\partial \mathcal{L}}{\partial \dot{q}_i} \right) [/tex]

The Attempt at a Solution



There's one thing I don't understand here, which is the problem statement assuming there are two generalized coordinates — thus two resulting Lagrange equations —, whereas I only see one generalized coordinate [itex]y[/itex], since [itex]x (y) = y \cos \alpha [/itex] and [itex]\alpha[/itex] is constant.

So the Lagrangian would be

[tex]\mathcal{L} = \frac{1}{2}m \left(\dot{y}^2 \cos^2 \alpha + \dot{y}^2 \right) - mg y \sin \alpha [/tex]

And the corresponding single Lagrange equation would be

[tex] \frac{\partial \mathcal{L}}{\partial y} = \frac{d}{dt} \left( \frac{\partial \mathcal{L}}{\partial \dot{y}} \right) [/tex]

My guess would be I'm not treating it as two dimensional? But then how do I proceed to do so? I can't visualize what the problem wants me to do.

EDIT:

I think I have it, maybe I should call [itex]y[/itex] as a 'parameter' and work this problem through [itex]\vec{r} = \vec{r}(a(y), b(y)) [/itex], where [itex]a(y) = y \cos \alpha[/itex] and [itex]b(y) = y[/itex]?

EDIT 2:
Nevermind, I'd still be working solely in terms of [itex]y[/itex].
 
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
My interpretation of the problem is that x is varies along the width of the plane. In other words, the plane in which the motion happens in the x-y plane, not that x is horizontal and y vertical.

14553906452461.png
 

FAQ: Very simple Lagrangian mechanics problem

1. What is Lagrangian mechanics?

Lagrangian mechanics is a mathematical framework used to describe the motion of particles and systems. It is based on the principle of least action, which states that a physical system will follow the path that minimizes the total action, where action is defined as the integral of the Lagrangian function over time.

2. What makes a Lagrangian mechanics problem "very simple"?

A very simple Lagrangian mechanics problem is one that involves only a single particle moving in a straight line or in a plane, with no external forces acting on it. This means that the Lagrangian function can be reduced to a simple equation, making the problem easier to solve.

3. What are the advantages of using Lagrangian mechanics over Newtonian mechanics?

Lagrangian mechanics is often preferred over Newtonian mechanics because it provides a more elegant and concise way of describing the motion of particles and systems. It also allows for a more intuitive understanding of the underlying physics and can be extended to more complex systems.

4. How do you solve a very simple Lagrangian mechanics problem?

To solve a very simple Lagrangian mechanics problem, you first need to write out the Lagrangian function for the system, which is the difference between the kinetic and potential energy of the particle. Then, you can use the Euler-Lagrange equations to find the equations of motion for the particle. Finally, you can solve these equations to determine the position, velocity, and acceleration of the particle at any given time.

5. Are there any real-world applications of Lagrangian mechanics?

Yes, Lagrangian mechanics has many real-world applications, particularly in the fields of physics and engineering. It is commonly used in the study of celestial mechanics, such as the motion of planets and satellites in space. It is also used in the design and analysis of mechanical systems, such as in robotics and aerospace engineering.

Back
Top