What Are the Properties of Commutating Operators in Math?

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Commutating operators in mathematics share common eigenstates, meaning they can be measured simultaneously without affecting each other's outcomes. This property allows for precise observations in quantum mechanics, where the measurement of one operator does not disturb the measurement of another. The discussion emphasizes the importance of understanding the relationship between these operators and their eigenstates. Clarification is sought on the reasoning behind these conclusions. Overall, the properties of commutating operators are crucial for simultaneous observability in quantum systems.
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Help me to be sure I got this right.
Two commutating operators:
1)have common eigenstates or the same?
2)can be observe at the same time.

thanks
 
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I would say that you got it right, but would you please write down how you got this result..
 
(a) The polarisation pattern is elliptical with maximum (1,1) and minimum (-1,-1), and anticlockwise in direction. (b) I know the solution is a quarter-wave plate oriented π/4, and half-wave plate at π/16, but don't understand how to reach there. I've obtained the polarisation vector (cos π/8, isin π/8) so far. I can't find much online guidance or textbook material working through this topic, so I'd appreciate any help I can get. Also, if anyone could let me know where I can get more...

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