Well, you could encode your printed messages as natural numbers. For example, "Hello" consists of characters with ASCII codes 72, 101, 108, 108 and 111. You could encode it as $2^{72}3^{101}5^{108}7^{108}11^{111}$. Since decomposition into prime factors is unique, the original string can be reconstructed. But for this you need arbitrarily large integers. Also, this would be considerably more complex than having strings.ineedhelpnow said:what are the purposes of strings.
Yes, you could do with [m]if ... else[/m]. My understanding is that there is a general principle in programming: if there is an often-used special case of an expression or function, then it is a good idea to use it when it is sufficient. This way you signal to your program's reader that this is a special case.ineedhelpnow said:what is the purpose of switch statements. would it not be enough to use if else statements instead of switch stmts?
if (c == 'a') statament1;
else
if (c == 'b') statament2;
else
if (c == 'c') statament3;
else
statement4;switch (c) {
case 'a' : statement1; break;
case 'b' : statement2; break;
case 'c' : statement3; break;
default : statement4;
}if (c == 'a') statament1;
else
if (c == 'b') statament2;
if (c == 'c') statament3;
else
statement4;What do you mean by words? English words? Then who would forbid me assigning "hoomin" to a string? Maybe my program is dealing with LOLspeak. What about another language that uses Latin letters? Restricting C++ strings to English words, either formally, as a part of the language semantics, or informally would be very strange.ineedhelpnow said:so strings are only used for words?
In fact, a char variables stores integers either between 0 an 255 or between -128 and 127 (or at least that's how it is in C). Characters are represented via their ASCII codes. So you could add [m]char[/m] variables as though they were integers, but when they are printed, [m]cout[/m] prints them as letters and not their numeric codes.ineedhelpnow said:can char only be used for single characters?
A variable is a named storage location in memory that can hold a value, which can be changed throughout the program. A constant, on the other hand, is a value that cannot be altered during the execution of the program. It is declared using the keyword "const" and must be assigned a value at the time of declaration.
The basic data types in C++ are integer, floating-point, character, boolean, and void. Integer types include int, short, long, and long long. Floating-point types include float, double, and long double. Character type is represented by the char keyword and can hold a single character. Boolean type has two possible values: true or false. Void type is used to indicate that a function does not return a value.
Declaration refers to the act of creating a variable or function, while initialization is the process of assigning an initial value to the variable at the time of declaration. For example, int num; is a declaration of an integer variable, while int num = 10; is a declaration and initialization of the same variable.
The scope of a variable refers to the part of the program where the variable is visible and can be accessed. In C++, there are three types of variable scopes: global, local, and class. Global variables are declared outside of any functions and can be accessed by any part of the program. Local variables are declared inside a function and can only be accessed within that function. Class variables (also known as member variables) are declared inside a class and can be accessed by any member function of that class.
In pass by value, the value of the actual parameter is copied to the formal parameter of the function. Any changes made to the formal parameter will not affect the actual parameter. In pass by reference, a reference to the actual parameter is passed to the formal parameter. This means that any changes made to the formal parameter will also affect the actual parameter. Pass by reference is often used when the function needs to modify the value of the variable passed to it.