What determines the absorption strength in molecular bands?

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In summary, the question is about absorption in molecular bands and why some spectral lines are fully absorbed while others are only partially absorbed. This is determined by the temperature and density of the material, as well as the oscillator strength of the transition.
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nordmoon
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I have a very basics question.

I have a question about absorption in molecular bands. When looking at spectra in the infrared region and comparing it with simulated spectra, I can see that some lines get partially absorbed and then grows to fully absorbed in the "center" of the absorption feature. Also some lines to be fully absorbed and some lines seem to be only partially absorbed in H20 spectra.

What determines if a spectral line is fully absorbed or only partially?

Has it to do with the temperature and how much is occupied in a certain level in the atom or molecule?
 
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Yes, the level populations are determined by the temperature and density. The strength of the line is also determined by the oscillator strength of the transition.
 

FAQ: What determines the absorption strength in molecular bands?

1. What is absorption?

Absorption is a process in which one substance is taken up by another substance. It can occur in various forms, such as when a liquid is absorbed by a solid, or when a gas is absorbed by a liquid.

2. How does absorption occur?

Absorption occurs through physical and chemical processes. In physical absorption, molecules of one substance are trapped within the spaces of another substance. In chemical absorption, a chemical reaction takes place between the two substances, resulting in the absorption of one by the other.

3. What factors affect absorption?

The rate and extent of absorption can be influenced by several factors, including the concentration gradient between the two substances, the surface area available for absorption, and the temperature and pressure conditions. The properties of the substances involved, such as their polarity and solubility, can also affect absorption.

4. What are some examples of absorption in daily life?

Some common examples of absorption in daily life include when a paper towel absorbs water, when a sponge absorbs cleaning solution, or when your skin absorbs sunscreen. In the human body, absorption is also a crucial process for the digestion and absorption of nutrients from food.

5. How is absorption important in scientific research?

Absorption is an important concept in many fields of scientific research, such as chemistry, biology, and environmental science. Understanding absorption processes can help scientists develop new materials, improve drug delivery methods, and study the impact of pollutants on the environment.

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