In summary, time zones on Earth are determined by the rotation of the Earth on its axis and its position relative to the sun. The Earth is divided into 24 time zones, with each zone representing a difference of one hour from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). The primary factor in establishing these time zones is the rotation of the Earth, which causes daylight and darkness to occur at different times in different parts of the world. The time zones are also influenced by political and economic factors, as countries often choose to align their time zones with neighboring countries for convenience and trade purposes. Additionally, some countries have adopted daylight saving time, which adjusts the time zone by one hour during certain parts of the year to maximize daylight hours.