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Shear stress is a type of stress that occurs when two surfaces slide over each other in opposite directions, causing deformation or strain in the material.
Shear stress acts parallel to the surface of an object, while normal stress acts perpendicular to the surface. Shear stress causes a material to deform or slide, while normal stress causes it to compress or stretch.
Shear strength is typically measured using a shear test, where a force is applied parallel to the surface of a material until it breaks or deforms. The maximum force applied before failure is the shear strength.
The factors that affect shear strength include the type of material, its composition and structure, temperature, and the presence of impurities or defects.
Shear stress is calculated by dividing the force applied parallel to the surface by the cross-sectional area of the material. It is measured in units of force per unit area, such as pounds per square inch (psi) or newtons per square meter (Pa).