What is the ΔG° for the ionization of water at 50C?

In summary, the pH of pure water is temperature dependent and at 50C it is 6.55. To determine ΔG° for the ionization of water at 50C, the equation ΔG=ΔG°+RTln(Q) can be used, with Q being the equilibrium constant. From the given pH, the hydronium ion concentration can be calculated, which is also equal to the hydroxide ion concentration since it is pure water. Using this value, the equilibrium constant can be calculated and plugged into the equation for ΔG°, resulting in a value of 81.00 KJ mol-. However, it is uncertain if the process is at equilibrium at 50C.
  • #1
beneakin
13
0

Homework Statement


The pH of pure water is temperature dependent, for example it is 6.55 at 50 C. Determine ΔG° for the ionization of water at 50C


Homework Equations


ΔG=ΔG°+RTln(Q)

at eqm ΔG=0
q=Keq
pure water:
pH 7.00 at 25C


The Attempt at a Solution


Not sure if the process is at eqm at 50C

but if it was you could just use
ΔG°=-RTln(Keq)
and use the pH to get the keq and you end up with 40.5KJ/mol which doesn't seem right

what is the difference between ΔG° and ΔGf°

thanks
 
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  • #2
How exactly did you get to your answer? From the pH find the hydronium ion concentration then deduce the Keq by writing its equation in both equation and reaction form and plugging in the hydronium ion value.
 
  • #3
[H+] = 10^[-6.55] = 2.8*10^-7 = [OH-] since it is pure water?

so keq= [2.8*10^-7]^2 = 7.94*10^-14

ΔG°=-(8.31450)(273+50)ln(7.94*10^-14)

= 81.00 KJ mol-

is that correct, are we sure that it is in an equilbrium at 50C?

thanks again
 
  • #4
beneakin said:
[H+] = 10^[-6.55] = 2.8*10^-7 = [OH-] since it is pure water?

so keq= [2.8*10^-7]^2 = 7.94*10^-14

ΔG°=-(8.31450)(273+50)ln(7.94*10^-14)

= 81.00 KJ mol-

is that correct, are we sure that it is in an equilbrium at 50C?

thanks again

We are assuming equilibrium , your work seems fine.
 

FAQ: What is the ΔG° for the ionization of water at 50C?

What is the definition of ΔG° in thermodynamics?

In thermodynamics, ΔG° (Delta G naught) refers to the standard free energy change of a chemical reaction under standard conditions (1 atm pressure, 25°C temperature, and 1 M concentration of reactants and products).

How does temperature affect ΔG°?

The value of ΔG° is dependent on temperature, as it is directly related to the change in enthalpy (ΔH°) and entropy (ΔS°) of the reaction. As temperature increases, the value of ΔG° becomes less negative, indicating a less favorable or spontaneous reaction.

What is the relationship between ΔG° and pH?

The relationship between ΔG° and pH is described by the Nernst equation, which relates the standard free energy change (ΔG°) to the standard reduction potential (E°) and the concentrations of reactants and products. pH can affect the concentrations of reactants and products, and thus can indirectly impact the value of ΔG°.

How is ΔG° related to equilibrium constant (K)?

The equilibrium constant (K) is related to ΔG° through the following equation: ΔG° = -RTlnK, where R is the gas constant and T is the temperature in Kelvin. This equation shows that the value of ΔG° is directly proportional to the logarithm of the equilibrium constant, and can be used to determine the spontaneity of a reaction.

Can the value of ΔG° ever be positive?

Yes, the value of ΔG° can be positive if the products have a higher free energy than the reactants. This indicates that the reaction is not spontaneous and will not occur without an external input of energy. However, a positive ΔG° does not necessarily mean the reaction will not occur, as it may still be driven forward by other factors, such as a large negative ΔH° or an increase in entropy (ΔS°).

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