What is the difference in spectra between a sodium lamp and a candle flame?

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In summary, the conversation discusses the differences in the spectra produced by a sodium lamp and a candle flame, with the lamp emitting a yellow light and the candle containing paraffin which burns yellow and can sometimes form black soot. The individual asking the question also explains their understanding of the line emission spectra from the lamp and their confusion about the spectra produced by the candle.
  • #1
bettysuarez
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Homework Statement


Hi,
I'm having a bit of trouble explaining this physics phenomenon:

A sodium lamp emits yellow light; that to the human eye appears to be quite similar to a
candle flame in colour. When light from these two sources is viewed through a
spectroscope, it is found that their spectra are very different. Explain the differences in the
two spectra produced.

I understand that when the electrons of the sodium atoms are excited and fall down to ground state they will release a yellow photon, which explains the line emission spectra from the lamp but I don't know what spectra will be produced by the candle.

Thank you!

Homework Equations


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The Attempt at a Solution


see above
 
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  • #2
Here is a hint: Candle wax contains paraffin. So when this burns it contains an element that burns yellow as it is being oxidized. This element also forms as black soot sometimes.
 
  • #3
Thank you! i get it now
 

FAQ: What is the difference in spectra between a sodium lamp and a candle flame?

What causes the different colors in the spectrum from a candle?

The different colors in the spectrum from a candle are caused by the emission of light from excited atoms and molecules in the flame. As the candle burns, the heat causes the atoms and molecules to become excited and release energy in the form of light. Each element and compound in the candle emits light at different wavelengths, resulting in a spectrum of colors.

How is the spectrum from a candle different from other light sources?

The spectrum from a candle is unique because it is a continuous spectrum, meaning it contains all wavelengths of visible light. In contrast, other light sources such as fluorescent bulbs or LEDs emit light at specific wavelengths, resulting in a line spectrum. This is due to the different methods of light production in these sources.

Can the spectrum from a candle be used for scientific analysis?

Yes, the spectrum from a candle can be used for scientific analysis. By studying the spectrum, scientists can determine the chemical composition of the candle and the temperature of the flame. The spectrum can also provide insight into the combustion process and the efficiency of the candle as a light source.

How does the distance from the candle affect the spectrum?

The distance from the candle can affect the spectrum in two ways. First, the intensity of the light will decrease as the distance increases, resulting in a dimmer spectrum. Second, the spectrum may appear to shift towards the red end of the spectrum due to the scattering of blue light by air molecules. This is known as the "Rayleigh effect" and is more prominent at longer distances.

Can the spectrum from a candle be used to identify the type of wax used?

Yes, the spectrum from a candle can be used to identify the type of wax used. Each type of wax, such as paraffin, beeswax, or soy wax, has a unique chemical composition, resulting in a distinct spectrum. By comparing the spectrum of a candle to known spectra of different waxes, scientists can determine the type of wax used.

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