What is the electric field due to hollow sphere at R=z?

In summary, the conversation discusses the derivation of the electric field of a hollow sphere with a surface charge σ at z, and how the equation becomes undefined at z=R. It is explained that in real-world scenarios, a surface charge always has some small thickness and the field makes a rapid but continuous transition. It is also mentioned that a discontinuity in the electric field is expected at z=R, similar to the discontinuity in the field of a point charge. The conversation also touches upon the case where there is a potential V at z=R but the electric field is discontinuous, comparing it to a continuous function with discontinuous derivatives.
  • #1
flux!
34
0
So I derived the E-field of a hollow sphere with a surface charge σ at z and I got:

[tex]E(r)=\hat{z}\frac{\sigma R^2}{2\varepsilon _{0}z^2}\left ( \frac{R+z}{\left | R+z \right |}-\frac{R-z}{\left | R-z \right |} \right )[/tex]

at z>R, the equation becomes:

[tex]E(r)=\hat{z}\frac{\sigma R^2}{\varepsilon _{0}z^2}[/tex]

then at z<R:

[tex]E(r)=0[/tex]

as expected.

However, the equation would explode at z=R, since the denominator of the second term in the right hand side equation becomes zero. Now, how do I get over this? and get the E-field at z=R. Any alternate solution to overcome the 0/0?
 
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  • #2
The field has a well defined finite limit from both sides. It is discontinuous at z = R, but that is expected from the surface charge.
 
  • #3
A surface charge density with zero thickness is an idealization. In the real world, a surface charge always has some small thickness, and the field makes a rapid but continuous transition.
 
  • #4
Also, in the idealised case, asking for the electric field at the exact point of the surface is not that different from asking about the field at the exact point of a point charge. It is not really surprising that it does not have a particular value and is discontinuous.
 
  • #5
Thanks for all valuable input! Just a follow up, how do we explain the case where there is a Potential V at z=R but E is discontinuous?
 
  • #6
This is no stranger than any continuous function with discontinuous derivatives, such as ##|x|##.
 

FAQ: What is the electric field due to hollow sphere at R=z?

1. What is the electric field due to a hollow sphere?

The electric field due to a hollow sphere at any point is the sum of the electric fields due to each charged particle on the surface of the sphere. This results in an electric field that points radially outward from the center of the sphere.

2. How does the electric field vary with distance from the center of the hollow sphere?

The electric field due to a hollow sphere varies inversely with the square of the distance from the center. This means that as the distance from the center increases, the strength of the electric field decreases.

3. What is the direction of the electric field at a point inside the hollow sphere?

If a point is located inside the hollow sphere, the electric field will be zero. This is because the contributions from the charged particles on the surface of the sphere cancel each other out, resulting in a net electric field of zero.

4. What is the effect of changing the radius of the hollow sphere on the electric field?

The electric field due to a hollow sphere is directly proportional to the radius of the sphere. This means that as the radius increases, the strength of the electric field also increases. Similarly, a decrease in radius will result in a weaker electric field.

5. Is the electric field due to a hollow sphere affected by the charge of the sphere?

Yes, the electric field is affected by the charge of the hollow sphere. The strength of the electric field will increase as the charge on the sphere increases. This is because a larger charge will result in a greater contribution from each charged particle on the surface of the sphere.

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