What separates one particle from another?

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In summary, the equation E=hv only applies to massless particles and does not take into account the concept of momentum. For particles with mass, the energy-momentum equation must be used to determine the relationship between energy and momentum. Therefore, it is not possible to differentiate between a slow, heavy particle and a light, fast particle based solely on their energy. Mass and velocity must be measured separately and are related to energy and momentum through various equations.
  • #1
JDude13
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If each particle's wavefunction is directly related to it's energy (E=hv), how cn we tell the difference between a slow, heavy particle and a light, fast particle?
 
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  • #2
The energy relation that you provided (E=hv) works only for massless particles, like the photon, which always moves at the speed of light. Therefore your question isn't quite consistent with the equation.
 
  • #3
Okay... umm... What is the equation for particles with mass? and is my question still valid?

What keeps particles with different types but simmilar levels of energy from being the same particle?
 
  • #4
oops, your equation is valid for all particle types. My mistake. I mistook your 'v' as somehow being related to velocity instead of the frequency.

Anyway, the answer to your question is that the momentum is different for particles of differing mass but with same energy.
 
  • #5
TriTertButoxy said:
The energy relation that you provided (E=hv) works only for massless particles, like the photon, which always moves at the speed of light. Therefore your question isn't quite consistent with the equation...
..oops, your equation is valid for all particle types. My mistake. I mistook your 'v' as somehow being related to velocity instead of the frequency...
How do you come to that conclusion? This is confusing energy relations, which can be found by looking under the heading "The relativistic energy-momentum equation" at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_in_special_relativity, with the de Broglie relation p = hf/c (I here use f for frequency). There is a universal relationship between particle momentum p and frequency, not particle energy E and frequency!
 
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  • #6
TriTertButoxy said:
oops, your equation is valid for all particle types. My mistake. I mistook your 'v' as somehow being related to velocity instead of the frequency.

Anyway, the answer to your question is that the momentum is different for particles of differing mass but with same energy.

But the equation doesn't say anything about momentum; just energy.

Could you please explain to me where momentum comes in?
 
  • #7
JDude13 said:
If each particle's wavefunction is directly related to it's energy (E=hv), how cn we tell the difference between a slow, heavy particle and a light, fast particle?

This only holds for eigenstates of the Hamiltonian. It says nothing about mass m and velocity v. The latter quantities must be measured independently and are related to the energy and momentum p by (E/c)^2=(mc)^2+p^2 and p=mv.
 

FAQ: What separates one particle from another?

What is the difference between a particle and an atom?

A particle is a general term for any small piece of matter, while an atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element. Particles can be made up of multiple atoms or subatomic particles, while atoms are made up of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons.

How do particles interact with each other?

Particles can interact through various fundamental forces, such as electromagnetic, strong nuclear, weak nuclear, and gravitational forces. These interactions determine the behavior and properties of different particles in the universe.

What determines the mass of a particle?

The mass of a particle is determined by the sum of the masses of its constituent particles, such as protons, neutrons, and electrons. The mass of a particle also contributes to its inertia and how it interacts with other particles.

Can particles be divided into smaller pieces?

Yes, particles can be divided into smaller pieces called subatomic particles, such as quarks, leptons, and bosons. These smaller particles make up the building blocks of matter and are constantly being studied and discovered by scientists.

How do scientists study and identify different particles?

Scientists use a variety of methods, including particle accelerators, detectors, and mathematical models, to study and identify different particles. These techniques allow scientists to observe the behavior and properties of particles in controlled environments and make predictions about their interactions in the universe.

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