What Stops a Falling Rock at the Atomic Level?

[jammiecg]

I don't understand this, potential gravitation says that if i drop a rock it's energy is converted into kinetic energy of motion as it falls, so that the higher up it is released the more energy it has kinetically when it hits the ground, both balance out the potential and kinetic energy so that no energy is created or destroyed just converted from one form to another, makes sense...
but my question is when the rock hits the ground and stops, gravity still pulls on every moving atom right? Does that mean it's still somehow falling on the atomic scale, creating heat? That can't be true what stops it from falling on the atomic level is it just electrostatic repulsion?

 

[soothsayer]

The electrostatic bonds in the ground and rock are strong enough to prevent the rock from falling further into the ground.

 

[Jobrag]

The ground under and around the where the rock came to rest will be warmer then it was before the rock arrived.

 

[tiny-tim]

welcome to pf!

hi jammiecg! welcome to pf!

what stops it from falling on the atomic level is it just electrostatic repulsion?

there's two questions …

why does it slow down at all? and why doesn't it bounce back to where it started from?

in other words: why does the momentum change? and why does the (mechanical) energy change?

the momentum changes because (as soothsayer said), when close-up, the electrostatic forces are stronger than gravity

the (mechanical) energy changes because (as Jobrag said) some of it is converted into heat (also vibration, noise, and deformation)

 

[PJC01]

I can provide an explanation for what stops a falling rock. When a rock is dropped, it begins to accelerate due to the force of gravity pulling it towards the ground. This acceleration is the conversion of potential energy (stored energy due to its position) into kinetic energy (energy of motion).

When the rock hits the ground, it stops because it has transferred all of its kinetic energy to the ground upon impact. This means that the energy is no longer in the form of motion, but instead, it is converted into other forms such as sound, heat, and deformation of the ground and the rock.

On the atomic scale, the rock is made up of countless tiny particles, and each of these particles does experience the force of gravity. However, the force of gravity is incredibly weak compared to other fundamental forces, such as electromagnetic forces. As a result, the rock does not continue to fall on the atomic level, and instead, the particles are held in place by the electrostatic repulsion between them.

In summary, what stops a falling rock is the conversion of its potential energy into kinetic energy, and then the transfer of that kinetic energy to the ground upon impact. On the atomic scale, the particles are held in place by electrostatic repulsion, preventing them from continuing to fall.