Why Does Separation Point Move Downstream with Increasing Reynolds Number?

In summary, the separation point on a simple geometric shape, such as a circular cylinder, moves further downstream as the Reynolds number increases. This is due to the increase in boundary layer phenomena, which is directly affected by the rise in viscosity. As the velocity and dynamic viscosity increase, the boundary layer effects become less significant, resulting in the separation point moving away from the body. This is explained in more detail in the book "Boundary Layer Theory" by Schlichting.
  • #1
jjiimmyy101
74
0
Probably a simple question, but I could use some clarification please.

When we have flow over a simple geometric shape (i.e. a circular cylinder) why does the separation point move further downstream as Reynolds number increases?

Does it have anything to do with pressure difference (I think it does) but what?

Any thoughts please.
 
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  • #2
Well, its a good question

We have Reynolds Number, Re = (density x velocity x length)/dynamic viscosty

Seperation occurs due to boundary layer phenomena. and boundary layer is directly proportional to friction (viscosity). i.e., if viscosity rises boundary layer also rises.
lets move to our problem, Increasing Re moves separation point away from the body.
assume its incomressible flow (density constant), and length remains constant. Now the only variables are velocity and dynamic viscosity. At higher speeds, boundary layer effects are less over the body, since viscocty has no effect on the body at high speeds.

@boundary layer theory by schichting for reference
 

FAQ: Why Does Separation Point Move Downstream with Increasing Reynolds Number?

What is the flow over a circular cylinder?

The flow over a circular cylinder refers to the movement of fluid (such as air or water) over a solid circular object. This phenomenon is commonly observed in various engineering applications, such as aircraft wings, bridge piers, and even sports equipment like golf balls.

What causes flow separation in the flow over a circular cylinder?

Flow separation occurs when the fluid flow detaches from the surface of the cylinder and creates a low-pressure region behind it. This is caused by the formation of vortices, which are swirling regions of fluid that result from the difference in pressure between the front and rear of the cylinder.

How is the flow over a circular cylinder affected by the Reynolds number?

The Reynolds number, which represents the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces, plays a crucial role in determining the type of flow over a circular cylinder. At low Reynolds numbers, the flow is laminar and smooth, while at high Reynolds numbers, the flow becomes turbulent and chaotic. The transition from laminar to turbulent flow can also lead to changes in the drag and lift forces acting on the cylinder.

What are the applications of studying the flow over a circular cylinder?

Understanding the flow over a circular cylinder has numerous practical applications in engineering and science. It can help in the design of more efficient and stable structures, such as airfoils and bridges. It is also essential in predicting the aerodynamic performance of vehicles, such as cars and airplanes, and in studying the behavior of ocean currents and marine life.

How is the drag force calculated in the flow over a circular cylinder?

The drag force acting on a circular cylinder can be calculated using the drag coefficient, which is a dimensionless parameter that depends on the shape, size, and surface roughness of the cylinder. It can be determined experimentally or through theoretical models, and it is used to estimate the total drag force acting on the cylinder based on the fluid properties and flow conditions.

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