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Liddleton
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- TL;DR Summary
- In my Physics IA, I investigated the relationship between the MAXIMUM height reached by a projectile (launched by a spring) and the COMPRESSION of that spring.
To evaluate my results I compared a spring constant, found using the relationship, against the spring constant found directly
However, my experimental spring constant differs (almost exactly) by an ORDER OF MAGNITUDE from the directly measured value. The cause of this percentage error is unclear, any help would be much appreciated!
I did my Physics IA on comparing the maximum height reached by a projectile (shot by a spring) and the compression of that spring.
In my experiment I found the maximum height reached by a metal ball shot directly upwards in comparison to the amount the spring was compressed.
To test the accuracy of my results, I compared the spring constant found through my experiment to the spring constant found directly (measuring the force needed to compress the spring over a certain distance).
To find the spring constant using my experiment data, I set the gravitational potential energy of the ball at its maximum height equal to the elastic potential energy:
𝑚𝑔ℎ=(1/2)𝑘(𝑥^2)
where:
𝑚 = mass,
𝑔 = acceleration of gravity,
ℎ = height of ball,
𝑘 = spring constant,
𝑥 = compression of spring.
Rearranging for 𝑘
2𝑚𝑔ℎ=𝑘(𝑥^2)
2𝑚𝑔ℎ/(𝑥^2)=𝑘
𝑘=(2𝑚𝑔)(ℎ/𝑥^2).
I separated ℎ/(𝑥^2) because it is the slope of the graph of the maximum height reached (y-axis) against the spring compression squared (x-axis), which I found.
Using these methods, experimentally, I got a value of 𝑘=500 N/m, whereas for my spring constant found directly (Force/compression of spring) I got a value of 5000N/m.
Can anyone help me try understand why there is such a big difference?
My found value is 90% off from the value which I'm expected to get and I can't think of anything that would introduce that much error.
If anyone wants the data:
The mass of the ball is 10.67g = 0.01067kg
and the value for the slope of ℎ/𝑥2 = 2500
IMPORTANT: If the mass of the ball was 100 grams instead of 10 I would get almost completely accurate results. But unfortunately I confirmed that the ball does in fact weight 10 grams, and so this is not the cause of uncertainty.
One last thing, If anyone happens to be an IB physics or science teacher in general, would you say 90% error is too large to take the data as acceptable? I know that the data doesn't have to be accurate but 90% feels like too much to me.
UPDATE: Im pretty sure I found the problem. With the apparatus I used to launch the ball, the spring is never fully decompressed, so the spring constant value I was finding was actually incorrect, I will try find a solution which allows me to find the correct spring constant directly - hopefully without having to dismantle the spring launcher.
In my experiment I found the maximum height reached by a metal ball shot directly upwards in comparison to the amount the spring was compressed.
To test the accuracy of my results, I compared the spring constant found through my experiment to the spring constant found directly (measuring the force needed to compress the spring over a certain distance).
To find the spring constant using my experiment data, I set the gravitational potential energy of the ball at its maximum height equal to the elastic potential energy:
𝑚𝑔ℎ=(1/2)𝑘(𝑥^2)
where:
𝑚 = mass,
𝑔 = acceleration of gravity,
ℎ = height of ball,
𝑘 = spring constant,
𝑥 = compression of spring.
Rearranging for 𝑘
2𝑚𝑔ℎ=𝑘(𝑥^2)
2𝑚𝑔ℎ/(𝑥^2)=𝑘
𝑘=(2𝑚𝑔)(ℎ/𝑥^2).
I separated ℎ/(𝑥^2) because it is the slope of the graph of the maximum height reached (y-axis) against the spring compression squared (x-axis), which I found.
Using these methods, experimentally, I got a value of 𝑘=500 N/m, whereas for my spring constant found directly (Force/compression of spring) I got a value of 5000N/m.
Can anyone help me try understand why there is such a big difference?
My found value is 90% off from the value which I'm expected to get and I can't think of anything that would introduce that much error.
If anyone wants the data:
The mass of the ball is 10.67g = 0.01067kg
and the value for the slope of ℎ/𝑥2 = 2500
IMPORTANT: If the mass of the ball was 100 grams instead of 10 I would get almost completely accurate results. But unfortunately I confirmed that the ball does in fact weight 10 grams, and so this is not the cause of uncertainty.
One last thing, If anyone happens to be an IB physics or science teacher in general, would you say 90% error is too large to take the data as acceptable? I know that the data doesn't have to be accurate but 90% feels like too much to me.
UPDATE: Im pretty sure I found the problem. With the apparatus I used to launch the ball, the spring is never fully decompressed, so the spring constant value I was finding was actually incorrect, I will try find a solution which allows me to find the correct spring constant directly - hopefully without having to dismantle the spring launcher.
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