Will all objects in the Universe transform into black holes through quantum tunneling?

[Suekdccia]

TL;DR Summary

Considering extremely large timescales, will all objects in the universe transform into black holes?

If I understood it correctly, at enormous timescales into the future, it is theoretically expected that eventually stable massive structures (like white/black dwarfs) will suffer quantum tunneling events that would make small pieces of them slowly turn into black holes that would rapidly decay into photons that would escape [1] [2] [3].

I have two questions:

If this can indeed happen, the black hole would almost immediately evaporate. At that size and Hawking temperature, wouldn't it evaporate into a massive particle? Would it emit the same massive particles as before turning into a micro black hole? [4]

Is it expected that this will be happening to individual particles (e.g. a neutrino)?



[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_of_an_expanding_universe

[2]: https://physics.stackexchange.com/q...r-that-could-avoid-matter-decay/819476#819476

[3]: https://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/end.html

[4]: https://astronomy.stackexchange.com/questions/57424/a-couple-of-questions-on-hawking-radiation

 

[PeterDonis]

If this can indeed happen

Which is all speculation since we don't have a good theory of quantum gravity, which is what we would need in order to actually predict (instead of just speculating about) quantum tunnelling of anything into a black hole.

wouldn't it evaporate into a massive particle?

Not just one unless the massive particle were electrically neutral; otherwise it would have to be a particle-antiparticle pair. In either case, the massive particle(s) would not be stable; they would end up decaying to lighter particles and ultimately into radiation, on time scales astronomically shorter than the time scale for Hawking radiation.