Bicycle Definition and 319 Threads

A bicycle, also called a bike or cycle, is a human-powered or motor-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other. A bicycle rider is called a cyclist, or bicyclist.
Bicycles were introduced in the 19th century in Europe, and by the early 21st century, more than 1 billion were in existence. These numbers far exceed the number of cars, both in total and ranked by the number of individual models produced. They are the principal means of transportation in many regions. They also provide a popular form of recreation, and have been adapted for use as children's toys, general fitness, military and police applications, courier services, bicycle racing, and bicycle stunts.
The basic shape and configuration of a typical upright or "safety bicycle", has changed little since the first chain-driven model was developed around 1885. However, many details have been improved, especially since the advent of modern materials and computer-aided design. These have allowed for a proliferation of specialized designs for many types of cycling.
The bicycle's invention has had an enormous effect on society, both in terms of culture and of advancing modern industrial methods. Several components that eventually played a key role in the development of the automobile were initially invented for use in the bicycle, including ball bearings, pneumatic tires, chain-driven sprockets and tension-spoked wheels.Although bike and cycle are used interchangeably to refer mostly to two types of two-wheelers the terms still vary across the world. In India for example a cycle refers only to a two-wheeler using pedal power whereas the term bike is used to describe a two-wheeler using internal combustion engine or electric motors as a source of motive power instead of motorcycle/motorbike.

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  1. D

    A man of mass 70kg rides a bicycle of mass 15kg at a steady speed of 4

    Homework Statement a man of mass 70kg rides a bicycle of mass 15kg at a steady speed of 4 ms-1 up a road which rises 1.0 m for every 20m of its length. what power is the cyclist developing if there is a constant resistance to motion of 20N Homework Equations (P= F*V) , ( p= W/t) The...
  2. Y

    Self balancing bicycle prototype using flywheel(reaction wheel)

    Hello everybody, Well I'm a level 4 mechatronics students from Mauritius and doing my project on a self balanced bicycle which uses a flywheel to achieve this.A better view of it can be seen on: OR EVEN ON: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0312BNqIBFI&feature=related...
  3. F

    Stability of Bicycles: Why is it Easier Moving?

    I have this burning question_Why is it that we can stabalize bicycle so easily when its moving but not when its still?
  4. H

    Cycling: Benefits of Standing Up on a Hill

    why do we stand up while moving up a hill in bicycle?
  5. A

    What torque is needed to make a bicycle move.

    Hey I am starting an electric bike project and I need to know how much torque is needed to get a bike going from a stationary position in ft/lbs in first gear that has a gear ratio of .93? What do you guys think?
  6. H

    Bicycle Stability: Moving vs. Resting

    why is moving bicycle more stable than rest one?
  7. BobG

    Cars lack consideration for bicycle riders

    Man, cars just have no love for bicycles. Even the cars filming the racers in the Tour de France run over cyclists. One minute you're one of the five leaders on a break away in the Tour de France - the next you and your bicycle are flying through the air and you land in a barb wire fence...
  8. R

    Bicycle Generator mathematics? Confused with project

    Homework Statement Hello everyone. I am doing a project where I have built a bicycle generator. We have everything set up and the alternator is putting out approx 45 amps and we also have a 12V car battery. My issue is that we need to write a short paper on the mathematics behind this...
  9. Femme_physics

    Bicycle rider down a hill (Dynamics)

    Homework Statement http://img822.imageshack.us/img822/5347/byccc.jpg A bicycle rider starts his motion from the top of the hill A at an initial velocity (Vo). From that point, the bicycle roll freely (without using pedals) in a the circular path. A) Calculate the speed of the rider at...
  10. J

    How to calculate bicycle acceleration

    I am designing a bicycle (theoretically), and i have my max torque on the crank 245Nm (Ignor this unless you think iv made a mathematical mistake) (1400N*.175m), which provides a torque on the drive cog, (245Nm/0.085m)= 2882N which is the tension in the chain, multiplied by the raduis of...
  11. O

    Friction on bicycle wheels in uniform circular motion

    On pedaling a bicycle along a straight line, the friction act forward on the rear wheel and act backward on the front wheel. If I turn its handlebar so that the front wheel is at a certain angle (say theta) and pedal it in uniform circular motion, what would be the direction of the friction...
  12. J

    Bicycle Powered Ice Cream Maker

    Hi. I've forgotten some of my basic physics so maybe someone can point me in the right direction. I want to hook up my hand crank ice cream maker to a bicycle. I'm thinking I would have a total of about 5 gears so that I can spread out the work required to crank the ice cream. (I want to crank...
  13. A

    Analyzing the Movement of a Bicycle (requesting feedback)

    As I watched a few cyclists zoom by today, I started thinking about the mechanics behind the motion of a bicycle. I will now run through the work I have done in analyzing it. Please tell me if I have made any glaring mistakes in my logic and let me know what you think. Purpose Evaluate the...
  14. L

    Bicycle Wheel; Gyroscopic Action

    Homework Statement Bicycle traveling 20 ft/sec. Moment of Inertia of the front wheel is 0.25 slug*ft^2. Wheel radius is 15 inches. With what angular velocity must the front wheel be turned about a vertical axis to counteract the capsizing torque due to a 120 pound person being 1 inch...
  15. Femme_physics

    Bicycle rider (rate, distance, time question)

    Homework Statement A bicycle rider rides from town A to town B on a paved road in a constant speed of 20 km/h. On his way back he rides in a constant speed on a bypassing road that's 25% longer than the paved road. The speed of the bicycle rider in the bypassing road is 5 km/h slower than...
  16. Redbelly98

    Rope-Drive Bicycle: See How It Works!

    This looks pretty cool, a new design of bicycle that uses a rope instead of a chain. Here is a PhysOrg article that has some good videos showing how it works: http://www.physorg.com/news204349619.html Several videos are linked there, but the best (in terms of understanding the operation)...
  17. G

    Calculating Moment of Force on Bicycle Pedal

    Hi, I have a practice question. I have managed to calculate part of it and one last bit I haven't been able to. Hoping you can give me some ideas. I am given a bicycle pedal that is a some distance long and has been pushed downwards by a given force. Here I have been able to calculate the...
  18. B

    Calculating Force of a Bicycle Impact at 30 mph

    I have a simple question for you but a difficult one for me. My bicycle rim manufacturer tells me that the carbon bicycle rim brakes at 900 pounds of pressure. If we have a cyclist of 300 pounds riding at 30 mph and he hits a pot hole for example. What is the amount of pressure/force he...
  19. J

    What is the final speed of the bicyclist rolling downhill?

    1. A bicyclist on an old bike (combined mass: 89 kg) is rolling down (no pedaling or braking) a hill of height 127 m. Over the course of the 355 meters of downhill road, she encounters a constant friction force of 292 Newton. If her speed at the top of the hill is 8 m/s, what is her speed at the...
  20. R

    Steel Bicycle Headset: Can it Take Load?

    I have a tandem bicycle with a 1" headtube. I'd like to use a 1 1/8" fork with it. The ID of the tube of 30.1 mm. The OD of a 1 1/8" steer tube (the part of the fork that passes through the headtube) is 28.6 mm. 30.1-28.6=1.5 mm of diameter for the headset cup (the part of the headset in which...
  21. D

    Calculating Torque Required for Bicycle Chain Drive on an Incline

    Homework Statement I am having some trouble with a bicycle chain drive. I need to find the torque required to have a bicycle travel up an incline. The bicycle is already moving Homework Equations \tau = r*F Torque is equal to the radius of the wheel, multiplied by the force...
  22. T

    Finding Derivatives for Bicycle Trajectory Plot in 2D

    Homework Statement Recently I met a Mathcad calculation plotting bicycle path traveled. Initial positions of tire tracks are known, their increments were calculated with bike speed 'v', wheelbase 'p', and steering angle 'a' so via ODE system solving front and rear tracks coordinates were...
  23. M

    Gravity-Defying Bicycle Stunt: How Far is Too Far?

    If you were riding a bike and then reached out to grab a bar over your head, Picture the following senerio... a 50 lb kid is riding a bicycle as fast as he can toward a cloths line. Just at the moment he travels under the bar, he reaches up and grabs the bar and let's the bike go flying off...
  24. B

    Convincing a female friend to buy an aluminium bicycle

    So one of my friends is buying a bicycle and I'm trying to convince her to plump for an aluminium model over some ridiculous 'retro' steel thing. I want to illustrate how aluminium allows for lighter structural members even taking into account the wider diameter tubes that ensure similar...
  25. D

    What is the instantaneous speed of a bicycle at the 5m mark during a sprint?

    Homework Statement Two physics students are trying to detemine the instantaneous speed of a bicycle 5.0 m from the start of a 1000 m sprint. It takes 4s to travel 10m. What is the instananeous speed at the 5m mark? acceleration is constant. (5m mark is 10 m as they start at -5m) X=Distance...
  26. H

    Calculating Gear Ratios for a Bicycle

    hello, i got this project on how a bicycle operate, and my part is to calculate the gear ratios of the bike, so can anyone share with me the step on finding the gear ratio of bicycle
  27. M

    Would the different weight affects the speed of bicycle when coming down slope.?

    Hi there, If there are 2 bicycle riders who use exactly the same type of bicycle, start at the same spot but one rider is 100kg and another rider is 50kg.. would the heavier rider coming down the slope faster than the lighter rider? basically, I just want to know if the weight would affects...
  28. I

    Regenerative braking for bicycle

    Hi, I was wondering about the idea of having torsion springs as a means to store kinetic energy when braking in a bike. I've thought about using compressed air but I am having troubles designing a gear system for both so that you can get the energy back to accelerate from rest. Can anyone...
  29. L

    Ideal gas law and a bicycle pump

    Homework Statement When you push down on the handle of a bicycle pump, a piston in the pump cylinder compresses the air inside the cylinder. When the pressure in the cylinder is greater than the pressure inside the inner tube to which the pump is attached, air begins to flow from the pump to...
  30. mugaliens

    News American School Makes Boy Remove American Flag From His Bicycle

    http://www.fox40.com/ktxl-americanflagbike11122010,0,5978528.htmlstory". Sure, they later "capitulated," but only after being contacted by a major news agency. I have two grave concerns over this issue: 1. Just how out of touch with reality are educators these days, anyway? 2...
  31. D

    Pedal-force for bicycle @ 43.2mph ?

    Pedal-force for bicycle @ 43.2mph ? I heard that bike-racers can put put 1500 watts in sprints. Using this site: http://www.noping.net/english and entering the following: - Racing bike - hands on the drops - weight = 170 lbs - power = 1500 watts Then hit CALCULATE button and I get a...
  32. R

    Torque required to move a bicycle

    Hi, 1)I need to find the torque required to move a bicycle from rest, i.e. What is the amount of torque required to be applied at the axis of the wheel of a bicycle, in order to move a 100 kg weight present on it? (Please note that the vechile is at halt and we need to set it into motion, (In...
  33. K

    Calculations about Bicycle Helmets

    I am doing a report on Bicycle Helmets and it's supposed to include calculations of some kind but as I am looking around and writing about it I'm not too sure what would be the best kinds of calculations to put into this that won't sound out of place. The report needs to tell about how it...
  34. S

    Circular motion: bicycle moving in a circle. Find speed given r and degree

    Homework Statement A bicycle is racing around on a horizontal surface in a circle of radius 19 m. The force exerted by the road on the bicycle makes an angle of 23 degrees with the vertical. What is its speed? Homework Equations I believe this is a uniform circular motion problem, so...
  35. M

    Bicycle Forces in Circular Motion

    Homework Statement A bicyclist travels in a circle of radius 22.5 m at a constant speed of 8.62 m/s. The bicycle-rider mass is 79 kg. Calculate the magnitudes of (a) the force of friction on the bicycle from the road and (b) the net force on the bicycle from the road. Homework Equations...
  36. F

    Calculating Deceleration of Man on Bicycle with Air Resistance

    Homework Statement A man on a bicycle, of total mass 100 kg, is free-wheeling at a constant speed of 15ms^-1 down a hill with a gradient 10% (i.e. sin^-1(0.10)). He wants to slow down to a safer speed, so he applies the brake lightly to produce a constant braking force of 84 N. The air...
  37. S

    Why Can You Balance a Bicycle in Motion But Not When Stationary?

    When I'm riding my bicycle, I can be barely moving forward--say 10 cm/sec.--and I'm able to maintain my balance easily. But if I'm completely stopped, I cannot do it. Of course some people can maintain their balance on a unicycle when they're not moving, but I don't have balancing skills...
  38. X

    Calculating work done by a bicycle

    I run a lot and recently started cycling. I want to calculate the work done by a bicycle and compare it to the work done by running. My problem is I am having trouble calculating the work done by a bicycle. Would it simply be a matter of calculating it using the formula...
  39. N

    Question about bicycle generated power system

    I appologize in advance if my terminology is flawed... I'm interested in exploring how to produce power with a bicycle and have read a ton about it on the internet so far. However, I can't seem to find anyone running more than one motor from a single bike. I assume there's a good reason but...
  40. I

    Direction of friction on bicycle wheels

    When a bicycle is moving on a road, what is the direction on each of its wheels. I think backward on both wheels because the condition of pure rolling is there on the wheels. But then there won't be the necessary forward force that propels the bicycle forward. So what is the exact direction of...
  41. B

    Bicycle gear ratios for maximum efficiency

    We all know that there are several options of front sprocket/rear sprocket combinations that achieve the same gear ratio. i.e. A large front sprocket with medium rear or medium front with larger rear will produce the exact cadence at a given speed. What I've always wondered, is there any...
  42. J

    Alex Moulton Bicycle BMC Mini Memoir

    Hello, I hope it is ok to tell people about my great uncle's memoir that can be bought from his website [PLAIN]www.alexmoultonbooks.co.uk[/URL] Many thanks, Jenny (see below) In this new book, Dr. Alex Moulton recounts, in his own words, his lifetime in engineering. The whole story – from...
  43. F

    Rock's Angular Motion in Bicycle Wheel Braking

    Homework Statement A rock stuck in the tread of a 53.0 cm diameter bicycle wheel has a tangential speed of 3.50 m/s. When the brakes are applied, the rock's tangential deceleration is 1.20 m/s^2. X.) What is the magnitudes of the rock's angular velocity (omega) when t = 1.60s? Y.) What is...
  44. Amith2006

    Why does a bicycle wheel precess when suspended from a string?

    Almost everything is clear to me as far as the reason for the precession of a bicycle wheel suspended by a string from a rigid support is concerned. But I don't understand one thing about it. There are 2 forces acting on the system- one is the downward force of gravity at the center of mass of...
  45. A

    Riding a Bicycle Uphill: How Much Torque Is Needed?

    how much is the turk that a usual person enter over the bicycle pedal ? ( the range ) i want to know . is it enough to ride a bicycle through drastic uphill bye foot power? or use some booster to drive better . i want to design a hydraulic transmition for bicycle . do i have to use pressure...
  46. T

    Work Bicycle Problem: Calculate Work Done in Each Stroke

    Homework Statement In pedaling a bicycle uphill, a cyclist exerts a downward force of 500N during each stroke. If the diameter of the circle traced by each pedal is 38cm, calculate how much work is done in each stroke. Homework Equations ?? The Attempt at a Solution I'm at a...
  47. T

    How Is the Velocity of Bicycle Pedals Calculated?

    Homework Statement A bicyclist travels in a light head wind on a level, horizontal road. The bicyclist keeps a constant speed of v = 20 km per hour. He pedals evenly. The back wheel has a radius of r = 0.33 m. The back cog wheel has a radius of r[b] = 0.035 m. The front cog wheel has a radius...
  48. M

    How Can Inertia and Momentum Be Accurately Simulated in Exercise Bikes?

    Hi everyone, happy christmas I am working on a project looking into the inertial feel of a bicycle. The overall aim of this part is to calculate the inertia of a bike and rider and to consider how this inertia feel can be recreated in an exercise bike and to quantify the differences through...
  49. M

    Riding against the wind- complicated bicycle problem

    Homework Statement A wind is blowing against a bicycle rider at a velocity of v0 = 10m/s. The rider is driving with the same power as in the windless weather, but he requires twice as much time to pass the straight part of the road as in the windless weather. With what velocity is he riding...
  50. N

    Does a 29 Mountain Bike Wheel Really Offer Less Rolling Resistance?

    Could someone aid my understanding of the factors involved here? The question that has been rolling (pun intended) around my mind is in regards to a trend in mountain biking. The new thing in MTBing is the 29" wheel. Standard wheel diameter is 26". Advocates of the 29er say there is less...
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