Calorimetry Definition and 122 Threads

Calorimetry is the science or act of measuring changes in state variables of a body for the purpose of deriving the heat transfer associated with changes of its state due, for example, to chemical reactions, physical changes, or phase transitions under specified constraints. Calorimetry is performed with a calorimeter. The word calorimetry is derived from the Latin word calor, meaning heat and the Greek word μέτρον (metron), meaning measure. Scottish physician and scientist Joseph Black, who was the first to recognize the distinction between heat and temperature, is said to be the founder of the science of calorimetry.Indirect calorimetry calculates heat that living organisms produce by measuring either their production of carbon dioxide and nitrogen waste (frequently ammonia in aquatic organisms, or urea in terrestrial ones), or from their consumption of oxygen.
Lavoisier noted in 1780 that heat production can be predicted from oxygen consumption this way, using multiple regression. The dynamic energy budget theory explains why this procedure is correct. Heat generated by living organisms may also be measured by direct calorimetry, in which the entire organism is placed inside the calorimeter for the measurement.
A widely used modern instrument is the differential scanning calorimeter, a device which allows thermal data to be obtained on small amounts of material. It involves heating the sample at a controlled rate and recording the heat flow either into or from the specimen.

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  1. V

    Bomb Calorimetry: Solving for Heat of Dissolution in NH4NO3

    Need help! I tried using the equation: Heat evolved= (specific heat)(Mass of Solution)(Change in Temp) but I cannot get the right answer. In a coffee-cup calorimeter, 1.30 g of NH4NO3 is mixed with 75.0 g of water at an initial temperature of 25.00°C. After dissolution of the salt, the final...
  2. V

    Calorimetry Help: Calculating Final Temp of Iron & Aluminum in Water

    Calorimetry HELP! Worked on this problem for an hour and cannot figure it out. Please help. A 5.00 g sample of aluminum pellets (specific heat capacity = 0.89 J/°C·g) and a 10.00 g sample of iron pellets (specific heat capacity = 0.45 J/°C·g) are heated to 100.0°C. The mixture of hot iron...
  3. Q

    Isothermal titration calorimetry

    Homework Statement Using isothermal titration calorimetry, you calculate \DeltaH^{o}_{bind} (= -5000 cal/mol) for a protein-ligand binding reaction at 25°C. You then perform a separate assay in which you measure equilibrium ligand binding at two different temperatures: L_{0} (nM)...
  4. R

    Calorimetry homework: mixing steam and liquid water

    Homework Statement What mass of steam at 100 degree celsius must be passed into 5.4 kg of water at 30 degree celsius to raise temperature of water to 80 degree celsius? Homework Equations C(water)=4.2 J/(g C) L(steam)=2268 J/g The Attempt at a Solution Assuming no heat loss...
  5. C

    Problem: Calorimetry Mass of Water Needed to Cool Engine

    Homework Statement Given the specific heat of water is cw=4180 J/kgC A 241 kg cast-iron engine contains water as a coolant. Suppose the engine's temperature is 31C when it is shut off and the air temperature is 15C. The heat given off by the engine and water in it as they cool to air...
  6. C

    Calorimetry Problem: Final Temp of 3.0kg Gold & 0.22kg H20

    1. What is the final temperature when a 3.0 kg gold bar at 99 degrees celsius is dropped into 0.22 kg of water at 25 degrees celsius. H20 Heat Capacity (CpH20)= 4186 H20M (mass) = .22 kg H20Ti (initial temperature) = 25 degrees celsius Au (CpAu)= 129 AuM (mass) = 3.0 kg AuTi (initial...
  7. M

    Calculate Molar Enthalpy of Hydrochloric Acid Solution

    a laboratory technician adds 43.1 mL of concentrated, 11.6 mol/L hydrochloric acid to water to form 500 ml of dilute solution. the temperature of the solution changes from 19.2C to 21.8C. calculate the molar enthalpy of the equation. so this is what is given t=temperature (19.2-21.8= -2.6)...
  8. J

    How can the enthalpy change of a NaNO3 solution be calculated using calorimetry?

    lemme start off with the problem: 15.3g of NaNO3 were disssolved in 100 g of water in a calorimeter. The temperature of the water dropped from 25 C to 21.56 C. Calculate delta H for the solution process here's what i figure: delta H = q q = MCT M = mass of water C = specific...
  9. S

    Problems dealing with calorimetry

    Hey, I am working on some problems dealing with calorimetry. The problem I am stuck on is: What is the final temperature when a 3.0 kg gold bar at 99 degrees C is dropped into a 0.22 kg of water at 25 degrees C. The equation I am working with is: cx,mx,(Tf-Tix) = cy,my,(Tf-Tiy) It seems like...
  10. B

    How Much Ice Was in the Calorimeter Initially?

    id appreciate some input u guys... Heat Transfer and Calorimetry A 50 g Aluminum calorimeter contains 95 g of a mixture of water and ice at 0 degree Celsius. When 100 g of Aluminum, which has been heated in a steam jacket to 100 degree Celsius, is dropped into the mixture, the temperature...
  11. C

    Lead & Calorimetry: 3 Reasons Why & Possible Errors

    i need help answering some chemistry questions..and i need these answers asap. 1. I need three reasons why the specific heat of lead is so hard to find? and the second is 2. Three reasons why an error could have occurred in our calorimetry lab? Thank you chemistrygirl09:smile:
  12. S

    Calorimetry: Calculate Unknown Mass of Water

    When 42.1 grams of water at 80.9 degrees Celsius are added to an unknown amount of water at 20 degrees Celsius. The final temperature of the mixture is 54.8 degrees Celsius. Calculate the unknown mass of water originally at 20 degrees Celsius. For known mass: q = (42.1 g)*(54.8-80.9 C)*(4.184...
  13. Z

    How to Find Final Temperature in a Calorimetry Copper Pot Problem?

    Hey what's up, I am stuck on the following problem. a copper pot with mass of 0.5kg contains 0.170kg of water at a temperature of 20C. A 0.250kg block of iron at 85C is dropped into the pot. Find the final temperature assuming not heat loss. Ok, so Here is what i was thinking about...
  14. K

    Need help with simple calorimetry problem

    So here's the problem Conside the dissolution of CaCl2: CaCl2(s) ---> Ca^(2+) (aq) + 2Cl^(-1) (aq) deltaH = -81.5kJ An 11.0g sample of CACl2 id dissolved in 125g of water, with both substances at 25.0°C. Calculate the final temperature of the solution assuming no heat lost to...
  15. C

    Can you determine the heat capacity of the calorimeter from this information?

    Specific heat - calorimetry?? Help from brainy chem person :bugeye: How do determine the heat capacity of a calorimeter when, You burn a 100mg of napthalene in it and it's temperature rises by 3.5 degrees C ? the molar mass of napthalene is 128.18g/mol Dont i need the specific...
  16. chem_tr

    What is the final temperature when mixing heated and cool water?

    I haven't found my textbooks on physical chemistry, so I want to ask the forum members. When we heat 4 liters of water from 10°C to 90°C, and add this to 16 liters of water at 10°C, what will the final temperature be? My brainstorming revealed the following, but I'm not sure if they are...
  17. J

    Which Calorimeter Is Better for Minimizing Experimental Interference?

    I am comparing two calorimeters. One has a heat capacity of 10.53 calories/degrees celsius and the second one has a heat capacity of 104.3 calories/degrees celsius. I just need to know which one is better and why.
  18. M

    Understanding Specific Heat and Calorimetry: Experiment or Equation?

    Hi everyone, Is a calorimetry an experiment or an equation? :bugeye: If its an experiment, what does it determind? If its an equation, what is it? My book doesn't distinguish what it is. What is the equation for determining the specific heat capacity? Is it : CiMiΔT=CfMfΔT If there...
  19. S

    How Does Boiling Water Affect the Computed Specific Heat in Calorimetry?

    hi guys! need a little help with some questions. we just did an experiment on determining a specific heat of a metal by the method of mixture. if any of you are familiar with this, your help would be very much appreciated. 1. How would the computed specific of the object be affected if...
  20. K

    Which Cast Iron Skillet Requires More Heat?

    Question is: You have two cast iron skillets. One is twice the mass of the other. If you raise each to the same temperature which pan requires more heat. Explain.
  21. V

    Solving Calorimetry Ques: Molybdenum Specific Heat

    Hi, I have 1 question that I am having trouble with. 1) A stick of molybdenum weighing 237g and starting at a temperature of 373Kelvin is thrust into 244g of water starting at 283Kelvin. If the final Temperature observed for the whole system is 288Kelvin, what would the specific heat of...
  22. A

    How Much Steam Is Needed to Heat Water and Melt Ice in a Calorimetry Experiment?

    My solution (179 g) to the problem below is slightly less than what the book says it should be (190 g)... A vessel whose walls are thermally insulated contains 2.40 kg of water and 0.450 kg of ice, all at a temperature of 0.0 degrees Celsius. The outlet of a tube leading from a boiler in...
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