Conservation Definition and 999 Threads

I am considerably confused about conservation laws like lepton number (L), baryon number (B) and comparable. Unlike the conservation laws for energy, momentum, angular momentum and electric charge, the conservations of L and B are not rigorously covered in textbooks. So my questions -...

I'm curious to know whether anyone with good maths has anything to say about Dr Philip Gibbs' covariant formula for conserved currents of energy, momentum and angular- momentum derived from a general form of Noether’s theorem? I'm not a pro mathematician, but it looks relatively robust to me...

Homework Statement A circular ring (2m, R) with a small insect of mass m on its periphery, is placed upon smooth horizontal surface (axis of rotation passing through center and perpendicular to the ground i.e disk is lying horizontally) . The insect starts moving with velocity v w.r.t ground...

Homework Statement suppose you're sitting on a rotating stool holding a 2kg mass in each outstretched hand, if you suddenly drop the masses, will your angular velocity increase, decrease or remain the same? Homework Equations dL/dt=net torque when net torque is 0, L=constant=Iw therefore...

The process is known as counter-propagating Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion (CP-SPDC). In regular SPDC, a photon from a (pump) laser enters a transparent nonlinear crystal at rest, and gets converted into a pair of photons whose total energy and momentum add up to that of the original...

Homework Statement A block of mass m slides down a wedge of mass M and inclination theta from rest. All the surfaces are smooth. Find the speed of the wedge when the speed of the block w.r.t to wedge is v. Homework Equations V(c.m.)=m1v1+m2v2/(m1+m2) The Attempt at a Solution Conserving...

My question is related to the book: Classical Mechanics by Taylor. Section 7.8 So, In the book Taylor is trying to derive the conservation of momentum and energy from Lagrange's equation. I understood everything, but I am struggling with the concept and the following equation...

1. Problem Statement: A vertical spring has one end attached to the ceiling and a 3kg bag attached to the other one. When the system is at rest, the spring is stretched by 40cm. 1) determine the spring constant. 2) Let the bag drop from a position in which the spring is not deformed. Using the...

Suppose for the sake of argument someone said the outward speed of light is infinite and the return speed is c/2, creating a two-way speed of c. Wouldn't this violate the conservation of momentum? p = E/c. That means on the way out, the momentum of light would be zero, but on the way back it...

Homework Statement I would like to ask about parts c) and d) , the graph sketching bits. 2. Homework Equations ##V(r) = ( \frac{J^2}{r^2}+\epsilon)(r-\frac{1}{r}) ## where the value of ## \epsilon ## is set according to whether time-like or null etc. The Attempt at a Solution Q1)for...

Here I am considering the one particle free Dirac equation. As is known the spin operator does not commute with the Hamiltonian. However, the solutions to the Dirac equation have a constant spinor term and only an overall phase factor which depends on time. So as the solution evolves in time...

Homework Statement Homework Equations ΔEsystem + ΔEsurroundings =0 The Attempt at a Solution I have solved 11a and got 5m/s. I can do 11b just by just jumping to Ek = Fs (from the work kinetic energy theorem), but I would like to do it formally from first principles using the Law of...

Homework Statement There is a 4 kg mass that has a speed of 6 m/sec on a horizontal frictionless surface. The mass collides head-on and elastically with an identical 4 kg mass initially at rest. The final speed of the first 4 kg mass is: (a) 0 m/s (b) 2 m/s (c) 3 m/s (d) 6 m/s Homework...

I think energy can be created...i agree that energy is not conserved between different reference frames..but i can show you that energy measured in a single frame may wary... Does photon's energy increase when i emit it from a train which is moving at comparable speed and get it reflected back...

If a ball hits a rod at the top which is pivoted at bottom end then is linear momentum conserved?

If velocity is reference frame dependent then kinetic energy should also be. Considering this we will have different energies in different frames. Doesn't it violate conservation of energy?

Am I correct in understanding that locally, ie, with respect to circumscribable phenomena, conservation of energy is valid in the cosmos but that otherwise it is/may not be? Otherwise said, the source of dark energy does/may not obey this principle? Or is this a question that does not fall...

Is this true?: During beta decay a quarks' spin is changed and the mass/ energy difference is converted to a W boson which quickly decays into an electron/positron and an anti neutrino/neutrino. The mass/ energy is conserved through E=mc^2.

I've been caught by a quite interesting statement of Berkeley physics Course Vol.1 (Chap. 5), that says "In the physical world there exist a number of conservation laws, some exact and some approximate. A conservation law is usually the consequence of some underlying symmetry in the universe."...

Homework Statement In the document below I need to try and find the angular velocity I need help on part b Homework Equations F=ma KE_Translational= 0.5mv^2 KE-Rotational= 0.5Iw^2 Assuming g=10m/s^2 The Attempt at a Solution I have the answer key attached with the question but I am not sure...

Homework Statement https://www.img.in.th/image/VNYMHY https://www.img.in.th/image/VNYKDv This is my homework,but I have a problems with question no.2 Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution I tried to used energy conservation rule to get that the speed is √2gh ,but I don't know how to know...

Homework Statement A block with a mass of 5kg is pulled up an incline with a 20 degree incline, the coefficient of friction is 0.2 and the distance 10 metres. The block accelerates from 1m/s at point A to 5m/s at point B. I have to use both D’Alembert’s and Conservation of energy principles...

Alright, so this has been bothering me for awhile, and the more I think about it, the more it bugs me. I'm almost guaranteed wrong about what I'm going to say here, but I'm not sure why I'm wrong, so hopefully someone here can explain my wrongness to me. Unfortunately, this is going to take...

Homework Statement A long board is free to slide on a sheet of frictionless ice. A skater skates to the board (laid horizontally relative to the skater's motion) and hops onto one end, causing the board to slide an rotate. In this situation, are angular and linear momentum conserved...

I just want to state that i DID solve the problem. I just seek understanding of it. I'd be really grateful if someone could answer two of my questions at the end of this post. The problem I've solved here is just to show what I'm dealing with. 1. Homework Statement Object 1 is moving towards...

Homework Statement Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution I understand how they got Q1 and Q2 for the first two columns, but how am i suppose to find Q1 and Q1 for the 3rd and 4th event? Isn't it just 0? Cause it seems like the temperatures just stayed constant. I'm not entirely sure...

Homework Statement In a waterfall about 20 billion liters of water per hour drop about 110 m. What is the increase of the water temperature, assuming that the entire gain of heat is transferred to the water? Homework Equations I'm more curious about the question in itself. Perhaps I'm missing...

Homework Statement This problem comes from the Feynman Lectures. However, the author doesn't explain in detail the procedure to solve the problem. I have to calculate the weight W using only the law of energy conservation. Homework Equations In the second picture W it is lowered of 5...

Homework Statement Mass 1(75kg) glides on ice at 1.8 m/s to a second stationary mass, (52 kg) How far will the pair slide after the collision if the coefficient of kinetic friction between the ice and their skates is .042? Homework Equations Conservation of energy, Kinetic Energy, Work...

The energy and momentum of a closed system is always conserved. If a laser can emit perfectly parallel and perfectly superimposed light waves (occupy the exact same space) that are perfectly 180° out of phase and of the same frequency, what can be said about the energy and momentum of the...

Homework Statement Hi, I do not know how to resolve question 1d and 2d at all. I hope the rest is well resolved, not sure about 1c and 2c. Can someone check my work and help me resolve problem with this questions, please? Task A hammer of mass 1700kg is dropped 2.5m under its own in fluency of...

In the first Feynman diagram, an electron comes in, emits a photon and then leaves. Is this an allowed process? Because if you rotate the diagram by 90o, the diagram should be just as valid, but it doesn't seem to be since it would violate the law of conservation of momentum. So is the...

We've recently been looking at the hadronic decays of the W boson. In this one example, we looked at possible decays for the W boson being produced near its resonance peak, meaning the centre of mass energy is sufficient to produce u,d,c,s & b quarks. However, because we're below the mass of...

I am a bit confused about spin conservation at relativistic energies. I am reading a QFT book by Peskin and at a point he specifies that "In the nonrelativistic limit the total spin of the system is conserved". Later when we go to the relativistic limit (there is the interaction between a photon...

Homework Statement Two beads with masses of M and m are threaded on a vertical loop with radius of R. M is released without velocity from a height of 1.5R from the bottom of the loop. The collision between the beads is completely elastic. What is the smallest mass M that will make the second...

Are the laws of conservation of mass always obeyed. in a nuclear reaction mass is converted to energy therefore mass isn't conserved. I understand that energy is always conserved, but I feel like mass isn't.

I read that kinetic energy may not be preserved, but momentum must always be preserved. How can that be? If there's a loss in kinetic energy due to friction or heat, the velocities will be reduced thus momentum will be reduced?

Hi, My question basically comes from this book called "Deep inelastic scattering" In the second chapter, it first made a similar argument for J = 1 Jz = -1, +1 which is pretty easy to get along with. However, immediately following from that there was this argument which confuses me a bit...

A cylindrical container of water has a diameter of 7.98 m and a perpendicular height of 2 m. It is filled with water (1000 kg = 1000 l) and placed on top of a 4 m stand. Calculate the: A) potential energy of the water B) kinetic energy of 20 kg of water just before it reaches the ground, if the...

Homework Statement A child goes down a water slide. The slide is 9.0 m tall. She pushes off with an initial speed of 2.0 m/s (in the horizontal direction). If the slide is frictionless, how fast will she be going at the bottom of the slide? Homework Equations In the book, they use a...

Hi PF! In fluids I've noticed many authors use the continuity equation with an integral form of conservation of volume (assume density is constant). Is this double counting? Example: let fluid velocity inside an idle bubble be ##\vec u = \nabla \phi##. Conservation of mass implies ##\nabla u =...

I'm having trouble seeing how electric potential energy production on a conductor follows conservation of energy. Let's use the photoelectric effect as an example. A photon with energy E = hν strikes a conductor, ejecting a photoelectron with a maximum kinetic energy of hν - φ. Assuming the...

Homework Statement An object of mass m = 1 kg moves along a circular frictionless path of radius R = 0.5 m from point A to point B at which it makes an angle θ with the vertical direction as shown in the figure. If the object is release from rest (VA = 0) and θ = 30° , what is the normal force...

Homework Statement Homework Equations ∑F=ma W = - ΔUs ΔUs = 0.5 k (xƒ)^2 - 0.5 k (xi)^2 W = ΔUs + ΔKE d = viy t + 0.5 * t^2 * a The Attempt at a Solution A) [/B]W = - (0.5 k xƒ^2 - 0.5 k xi^2) = - (0-100) W = 100 J B) W = ΔUs + ΔKE 100 = 0.5 m vf^2 -0 + 0 - 0.5 k xi ^2 100 = 0.5 * 2 * vf^2...

Homework Statement A toy car has a mass of 2 kg moves with initial speed of 2 m/s on a rough horizontal plane of μκ=0.14.A spring with constant of 250 N/m is fixed. Which of the following statements is true ? A) The toy does not approach the spring B) The toy just touch the spring[/url][/IMG]...

If a (polarized) photon is absorbed by a polarization filter, does its energy go into the filter? I am wondering if that is the case to obey conservation laws. And if it passes, is its original polarisation direction somehow conserved?

Homework Statement One end of a light elastic string of stiffness mg/l and natural length l is attached to a point O. A small bead of mass m is fixed to the free end of the string. The bead is held at O and then released so that it will fall vertically. In terms of find the greatest depth to...

A charge of +2.5 micro coulomb is at the origin and a +3.5 micro coulomb is at the point (3,0). What is the velocity of a proton when it is at (6,0) if it was released at (5,0). My solution: $$E_0=E_f$$ $$PE=KE$$ $$Since...Work = -PE$$ I can calculate the work it takes to move the proton from...

My question is, in an explosion, where 2 cars at rest are pushed apart by a spring between them, is velocity conserved? Does the total velocity for both cars before spring release equal the total velocity after release? Why or why not?

Homework Statement A uniform thin rod of Length L and mass M can freely rotate about a point 0 and is at rest in at the vertical. A ball of mass m on a light string of length R, which is also attached about the pivot is deflected by a small angle from the vertical and let go of. If the...