Discrete Definition and 897 Threads

Question 1 : -------------------- Homework Statement Consider the following sets, where U represents a universal set : U = {1, 2, 3, 4, ∅, {1}} A = {1, 3} B = {{1}, 1} C = {2 , 4} D = { ∅ , 1, 2 } Homework Equations Choose the correct option : D - B is the set ...

Hii everyone, I have a sequence {ai,1<= i <=k} where i know the sum of this sequence(say x). I want to know the sum of another sequence {bi, 1<=i <=k}(at least a tight upper bound) where bi=ai*(1/2^i). Or in other words, if you know the sum of the ratio sequence and sum of 1 sequence, how to...

Homework Statement The Question data is as follows : Consider the following sets, where U represents a universal set : U = {1, 2, 3, 4, ∅, {1}} A = {1, 3} B = {{1}, 1} C = {2 , 4} D = { ∅ , 1, 2 ) Homework Equations Which one of the following statements is true ? 1. The...

Homework Statement Suppose X is a discrete random variable whose probability generating function is G(z) = z^2 * exp(4z-4) Homework Equations No idea The Attempt at a Solution I'm thinking that due to the exponent on the z term, that the exp(4z-4) would be the P[X=3] =...

Homework Statement Let p(x) be a polynomial in F[x]. Show that p1(x)≈p2(x) if and only if p(x)|(p1(x)-p2(x)) is an equivalence relation The Attempt at a Solution To be completely honest, I have no idea where to begin. This class has been a nightmare and this has been, by far, the worst...

Homework Statement For which values of n≥2 does the implication: axb=0 ⇔ a=0 or b=0 For some Zn (n should be a subscript) NOTE: For the a x b, the x should be the x that has a circle around it. I didn't see that symbol in the "quick symbols" :) Homework Equations I know that this...

Hello everyone, I'm a first time poster and I just want to say this forum is great. Every time I have a question Physics Forums is the first site to answer it. So lately I have been really struggling in my Discrete Mathematics I course at my university. This is one of the few times in...

EDIT: Oh and I forgot that $p_Y(y) = 0$ otherwise.

Hi guys I am new here. I was asked by my professor a problem: a positron-electron pair is produced at the leftmost position of a 1D circular loop of radius R. e+ moves along the bottom hemisphere and e- moves along the upper one. They are confined in the circular loop and perform circular...

Would learning discrete math be more beneficial then diving into velleman's book right away? and what is a good book on discrete math?

Would Newton's method or some other method work? Consider the following problem: find the zeroes of the function: y = 40sin(2x) - floor(40sin(2x)) where Y,X \in R I don't exactly know how to handle this problem. My best insight so far is that it is only equal to zero whenever 40sin(2x)...

Hello all, I'm aware of the Monte Carlo Summation method in discrete spaces, where you can approximate a very long summation over the entire space by a shorter one with only a few randomly selected terms from the original summation (weighted by the inverse probability density of them being...

Hello all, I'm aware of the Monte Carlo Summation method in discrete spaces, where you can approximate a very long summation over the entire space by a shorter one with only a few randomly selected terms from the original summation (weighted by the inverse probability density of them being...

Homework Statement show that for positive r and s, with r<s, we always have: r<(r+s)/2<s and 2/[(1/r)+(1/s)]^2< 2rs< (r+s)^2 Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution i have shown that r<s because r+r<s+r, 2r<s+r, r<(s+r)/2 and 2r< (2s+2r)/4 (r+s)^2= r^2+2rs+s^2...

Homework Statement Suppose that a menu consists of 4 main dishes, 9 choices of side dishes, and 6 desserts. A small meal consists of one main dish and two different side dishes and no dessert. A large meal consists of one main dish, two different side dishes and dessert. How many patrons must...

Dear Sir… I am looking for a discrete counter part of a continuous variable. the continuous version of energy term in a liquid crystal is given by [\vec{n}\cdot(\nabla\times\vec{n})]^2. This is a square of a dot product between a vector 'n' and its curl field. My question is what is the exact...

I have seen the following "extension" of discrete random variables definition, from: pediaview.com/openpedia/Probability_distributions (Abstract) "... Equivalently to the above, a discrete random variable can be defined as a random variable whose cumulative distribution function (cdf)...

About the definition of "discrete random variable" Hogg and Craig stated that a discrete random variable takes on at most a finite number of values in every finite interval (“Introduction to Mathematical Statistics”, McMillan 3rd Ed, 1970, page 22). This is in contrast with the assumption that...

Came across this video which says that a moving object has to cover infinitely many intervals in order to get from one point to another and because of this motion couldn't really take place and since it does take place, its a paradox. youtube.com/watch?v=u42Y3RbP7JE Since motion does take...

Homework Statement This question has two parts: a) How many integers are there between 100 and 1,000,000 with the property that the sum of their digits is equal to 6? b) How many integers are there between 100 and 1,000,000 with the property that the sum of their digits is less than 6...

Homework Statement Find the general solution to the following recurrence relations (defined n≥2). c) an=6an-1-9an-2+8n+4 Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution an=6an-1-9an-2+8n+4 8n+4= an -6an-1+9an-2 R2-6R+9=0 R=3,3 So hn=A(3)n+B(3)n Assume pn=Cn+Cn2 → This is where I got...

I was having a conversation with my brother, a mechanical engineer, about Digital Signals processing. I was trying to explain what I had recently done in my digital controls class, and how we would use the state space model \vec{x}(k+1) = {\bf{A_d}}\vec{x}(k) + {\bf{B_d}}u(k) in discrete time...

A) Let us say that we have some arbitrary sequence of natural numbers. e.g. 1, 2, 7, 3, 17, 19. Is it possible to convert every finite and infinite sequence into some continuous function model, such as in Fourier theory? I know that it is possible to extract some discrete samples from a...

Hi everyone, I have a question on the discrete Fourier transform. I already know its a change of basis operator on C^N between the usual orthonormal basis and the "Fourier" basis, which are vectors consisting of powers of the N roots of unity. But if i recall correctly from complex...

Hi there, I have a short thought that I want to share with all of you and see if there has been something written about it and, if not, why not?: A free particle spin is something that can take a discrete range of values, as it happens with electromagnetic or colour charge. However the other...

Homework Statement Compute P(X=k l X+Y=p)Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution No idea. Kind of understand page #1. Although it seems like there's a lot of unnecessary stuff. Could have gone straight from the top to the bottom. And I don't know why/if you even have to substitute the...

Homework Statement Find a recurrence relation for Tn, the number of ways to write an integer n as the sum of terms, each of which is 2 or 3, and the order matters. [So 2+3 and 3+2 are different sums for 5.]Homework Equations (if I had one, this would be easier) The Attempt at a Solution So I...

Homework Statement X1 and X2 are two independent discrete random variables with P(X1 = k) = c3-k P(X2 = k) = d4-k for k in natural numbers and where X1, X2 in natural numbers is almost always valid. 0 is not include in N. Find constants c and d. Homework Equations The Attempt...

I was wondering what the majority opinion was on this issue, among physicists and philosophers as well. I can't imagine zooming in a million times smaller than the plank length and still not being at a smallest length, however a discrete universe doesn't make much sense to me. Are there any...

I've been having trouble finding many pure math Ph.D. programs with active research groups in the general field of discrete mathematics (perhaps due to its interdisciplinary nature). I'm only aware of the top schools in this field (e.g. Carnegie Mellon, Georgia Tech, UCSD, Rutgers); can anyone...

Homework Statement let d be a metric on an infinite set m. Prove that there is an open set u in m such that both u amd its complements are infinite. Homework Equations If d is not a discrete metric, and M is an infinite set (uncountble), then we can always form an denumerable subset...

Homework Statement Prove the second absorption law from Table 1 by showing that if A and B are sets, then A ∩ (A ∪ B) = A. Homework Equations Absorption laws A ∪ (A ∩ B) = A A ∩ (A ∪ B) = A The Attempt at a Solution i will show A ∩ (A ∪ B) is a subset of A x is any element in A...

These are potential proofs for the discrete math exam on Tuesday. I haven't been able to find proofs online. I have senioritis, and I'm graduating in a few weeks. Is a proof by contraposition the best way to prove this? If you assume h is not a function or g is not a function, then that would...

Hi Guys, Long time reader first time poster... This simple question has stumped me all day and I think I've finally cracked it! I'm hoping someone can confirm that, or tell me how wrong I am - either is fine :) One in 1000 cows have a rare genetic disease. The disease is not contagious...

I'm confused about the DFT of the data, fn = cos(3\pin/N) for n=0,1,...,N. It is definitely an even function, and I read that the Fourier coefficients of an even function is real. But when I take the FFT of this in Matlab I get complex numbers, not real numbers. What am I missing? Thanks ...

Homework Statement I have a whole two courseworks on Genetic Algorithms, but we have been shown no examples. I am stumped! 1. A function f is set to depend on five variables x1, . . . , x5 where x1 can take 2 different values, x2 can take 8 different values and x3, x4, x5 each take 4 different...

Edit: I have to think more about this, I'll post later.

For some questions strong induction would test for cases n+1, n+2 and for other n+1,n+2,n+3, or other ways, why is that? Here's two examples Suppose that the only paper money consists of 3-dollar bills and 10-dollar bills. Find what dollar amounts can be made from a combination of these...

Hello, I'm currently in high school and going over discrete uniform distribution, and we've come across this formula. I'm curious if anyone could show me how the formula is true, as when I asked my teacher he just said that it'll confuse the class and we don't need to know why it's true. If...

Homework Statement Prove that if k>1 then, 5/(k-1)-3/k-2/(k+2) = (9k+6)/(k-1)k(k+2) Hence simplify Ʃ of k=2 to n {(3k+2)/(k-1)k(k+2)} Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution Ok so the first part is ok I just multiplied the denominators with the numerators and...

Hello everyone. I would like to hear some suggestions on minimizing a function. I have discrete 2D function (a grid, where each (x,y) point have some value), where I know only extreme points (more specifically - ridges. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ridge_detection). I want to reconstruct...

I read the definition of discrete math and i read the definition of discrete. i just can't seem to figure out what discrete math is, can you guys show what it means?

Hello all, first time here and I have really silly problem... I am working on something in MATLAB, in which I have to make discrete Fourier transform of gaussian distributed variable. i.e. array of numbers which are taken from f(x)~exp(-x^2). I know that when you Fourier transform it with...

Homework Statement Show that (p ∧ q) → r and (p → r) ∧ (q → r) are not logically equivalent. Homework Equations a → b = \nega v b The Attempt at a Solution I'm sorry. I'm completely stumped on how to go about this problem. I'm not asking for the solution since I want to know how...

Hi, I'm trying to grasp the concept of discrete wavelets and can't seem to find an answer to my question. In the decomposition of a signal using wavelets filter banks, the signal goes through a low pass and high pass filter. The output of the low pass and high pass is decimated by 2. I can...

Homework Statement If s (0,1), find |P(S)|, |P(P(S))|, |P(P(P(S)))| Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution |P(S)| = {(0), (1), (0,1), ∅} = 4 |P(P(S))| = {...} = 16. |P (P(P(S)))| = {...} = 16 ^4 ...but how? as my lecturer explained it, it come from pascals...

(3) Define a function A(m,n) as follows. A(0,n) = 2n for every n. A(m,0) = 0 for every m >= 1 A(m,n) = 2 if m >= 1 and n = 1 A(m,n) = A(m -1,A(m, n - 1)) otherwise (i.e., if m >= 1 and n >= 2. (b) Prove A(m,2) = 4 for every m >= 2 (c) Prove A(1, n) = 2^n for every n >= 1. Proving...

Verify that an exact solution exist for the logistic difference equation $$ u_{t+1}=ru_t(1-u_t),\quad r>0 $$ in the form $u_t=A\sin^2(\alpha^t)$ by determining values of r, A and alpha. Is the solution periodic? Oscillatory? I have yet to encounter a problem that says verify a solution...

To find the max and min of a discrete model, I solve $$ \frac{df}{dN_t} =0\Rightarrow N_m $$ Then $N_{\text{max}} = f(N_m)$, correct? Because whenever I try to solve $$ N_{t+1} =\frac{(1+r)N_t}{1+rN_t} $$ It doesn't work. The derivative is $$ \frac{1+r}{(1+rN_t)^2}=0 $$

I have a set of N data points defined over a periodic interval, 0\le x \le 1. I made a discrete fast Fourier transform of these data points and I get a discretized function in the Fuorier space. My question is what are the coordinate of these data points in the Fourier space? I mean, in the real...