Electrons Definition and 998 Threads

Hi. First, let me introduce myself: I m from Brazil, I studied physics a few years ago and I ended up leaving the course, today I work with software development. I would like to know if you can help me to take a doubt: I came up with an idea that an electron could move so fast that it would...

I have a silly question. In a simple electrical circuit, we know that the two ends of the wire are connected to different potentials of a battery through the load. Potential difference causes the current flow. But how the wire comes to know that the other end of it, is connected to different...

Holes have an effective mass. How is the mass of holes measured physically?

Whether the increased voltage accelerates the electrons since the current of one ampere is one coulomb of charge going past a given point per second, it seems to me somehow the most logical. but I'm interested in the opinion of others on that topic.

[Moderator's note: moved to new thread and edited slightly for context.] Hello to everybody, i just arrived at PF and I would like to know if i may set a couple of questions. First: It's possible for paired electrons to interract if one of them (or the two of them) is (are) in a black hole...

If you were sending microwaves one direction to ionize a gas, would you be able to pull or separate the atoms from these directionalized electrons? Say you had a magnetic coil with a strong e field pulling the atoms one way while the microwaves were trying to push the electrons the other way-is...

Is there any difference between the field lines you draw when one mass approached another mass and when two electrons approach one another? If there is no difference, does this mean field lines can't be used to predict the forces both particles feel?

If electrons have a magnetic moment (or behave like they have) why don't all orient North Up in a magnetic field (pointing down)? Plus, if thought as magnetic dipoles, like poles repel, therefore all should point the same direction. In a Stern-Gerlach apparattus shouldn't the magnetic moment...

In DC, we have learned that the electrons move from their position through the conductor, resulting in a current. They leave their positions on the application of a potential difference, and move or flow in the direction of higher to lower potential, thereby causing a current. But what about...

What gives metals their Lustre? One of my books(living science chemistry by arun syamal) says that the electrons achieve a higher energy state by absorbing energy and come back to their ground state by emitting it of which light is a part but my teacher tells that it is due to the crystalline...

Hi,how is the movement of the electrons in photovoltaic? I understand that there is n and p layer. What I do not understand is why the electrons does not move more directly to the p-side from the n-side. In the currect explanation it requires a circuitry. Thanx.

i want to ask 2 clear questions 1) if the voltage increases does the speed of electrons increase or the amount of electrons/per time increase. for ex there is 1 ohm wire circuit first scenerio we apply 1v battery in 2nd scenerio we apply 2v battery... all other conitions are same... in this...

Hi, the today definition of electric current says it is done by moving electrons. But this wikipedia article https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_of_electricity says: "the signals or energy travel as electromagnetic waves typically on the order of 50%–99% of the speed of light, while the...

Homework Statement I was asked to find number of electrons passing through a wire giving only resistance. Homework Equations V=IR I = dQ/dt n= Q/e The Attempt at a Solution It's pretty straight forward, with direct substitution of the equations with the written order. I could attempt this...

Homework Statement Suppose that a heated gas comprised of electrons glows bright orange when it is in use. Estimate the average speed of the electrons in the gas. Model this gas as an ideal gas. Homework Equations None. I have no clue. This is a "review" question on a chapter titled "Current...

The prefix is a bit irrelevant This is on renormalisation. How do they cancel out? Isn't it adding? So the mass experimental = m + (c2correction) so how do you cancel out the m and correction? I'm new to this area (just finished watching lectures by Richard Feynman, specifically a 4 lecture...

I understand that electrons can be released from a material, such as metal, through the photoelectric effect. I also understand that some of them might "re-attach" themselves to the metal. For practical uses, it sounds like the electrons would be re-captured in some way, but for the electrons...

Consider a system in which a non-plasma fluid (eg, gas, liquid, or supercritical fluid) consisting of a single isotope (for example, deuterium would be in the form of the D2 molecule) is struck with a small atom, stripped of all electrons. This atom also has a large amount of energy, enough to...

I've been reading about the photoelectric effect, and something got me thinking. If the frequency of light shone onto the metal is below the threshold frequency, no electrons are liberated from the surface of the metal, since electrons absorb quanta of energy, so if that light is shone for a...

Guy guy, i just learn a little bit about quantum physics and i know that electrons is not particles. But i don't understand how it move. By the way I am only a secondary school student. If you explain it clearly and easy to understand i'll be very happy. But thank you all for taking time to help me!

my textbook says that electrons have a basic characteristic of magnetism just like charge and mass. this magnetic property in some materials adds up to result in a permanent magnet and in some others nullifies each other. how does it really occur? moreover if electrons hav magnetic properties...

Homework Statement Homework Equations f = q.v.B.sin tetha I = q/t = v/R The Attempt at a Solution (1) q =a.b.n.v.t is it right? (2) I = q/t = abnvt/t = abnv is it right? (3)F = q.v.B is it right? (4) ? (5) ? is it right?

Why is a sea of electrons present in a conductor? I read some where that they absorb a energy at normal temperatures and use it to get free electrons , but then why do they absorb energy while insulators don't??

The wave-particle duality of light was demonstrated first with Thomas Young's 1801 Interference Experiment...and then more clearly with the Double Slit Experiment. Both of these were done with light (so photons). My question is -- How did we come to understand the same of electrons? Did we...

Hi ! In my class we have an exercise that I technically understand but that I can't get conceptually. We have trois molecules (naphtalene, anthracene, tétracene). Considering each molecule as infinite quantum well of length 2L(naphtalene), 3L(anthracene) and 4L(tetracene), we would like to...

I know this question might be too simplified but, What is the primary causes generation of light (electromagnetic waves) by electron? Is it vibration motion of electron or the motion of electron around the nucleus?

I read here that the reason why gammas primarily interact with core electrons in an atom is that "As the difference between the photon energy and the energy required for the process increases, the cross section of the process decrease". Is that correct? If so is there any intuition for why that...

Light bulbs and cathode ray tubes are structurally similar in some respects. For example, both contain a filament -- in the light bulb, the filament heats up to produce light, while in a cathode ray tube, the filament emits electrons, which are then steered into a target (in a CRT TV, the...

Can someone please tell/explain to me how voltage affects electrons. Does it determine the speed of the electrons in a conductor? Is so why a power supply rated 12v 3A and another rated 9v 3A have the same amount of electrons traveling at the same speed through the conductor. My big question is...

Hi, I got the following question in my textbook: [translated]"Compare the wavelength of a photon and an electron where the photon and the electron have the same momentum". My thinking is the following: Firstly, pp (photon) = pe (electron). My textbook briefly mentions the extention of the...

what if i have a cathode at one end of a tube and multiple anodes through out the tube with argon gas, will electrons flow from the one cathode to multiple anodes like curves -ve1 to +ve1 and -ve1 to +ve2 and -ve1 to +ve3 or there has to be only one cathode and one anode for electrons to flow (...

Hi! What exactly makes electrons in the antenna move to generate an induced current which then can be encoded? Is it radio waves that hits the antenna and makes the electrons move? If so, why/how? :) All I get from this link is that "the radio waves makes the electrons wiggling back and...

My apologies for what must be an ignorant question, but how do we know electrons can interfere with other electrons, and not ONLY themselves? I have watched so many double-slit experiment videos / lectures / etc, which all go at length to prove that the electron interferes with itself, which...

Homework Statement How many moles of electrons are in 1mL of H2O Homework Equations [/B] 1mL = 1g moles to grams conversion - moles x molar mass = grams mass of 1 electron = 9.109382 x 10-28g moles to molecules = number of moles x avogadro's number (6.022140857 × 1023) The Attempt at a...

How can relativity explain the magnetic attraction of two electrons (or two electron beams) comoving in a vacuum at some certain constant velocity? It is well known (https://acceleratorinstitute.web.cern.ch/acceleratorinstitute/ACINST89/Schindl_Space_Charge.pdf) that two parallel electrons or...

Why is the parabolic shape for the hole broader than that of the electron?

Hello, I have a presentation tomorrow and in a segment, I talk about light absorption. It's more conceptual than technical. I did quite a bit of research on the topic but because of simplifying information I may have butchered the facts and written something wrong. Could anyone please confirm/...

Hi, I need to teach a lesson on electrons in periodic potentials for Bachelor Physics students in just 20 minutes Any ideas on how to organize the lesson (pre-concepts they should know, relevant message and consequences) would be very much appreciated

My professor drew the following molecule on the board and asked us how many pi electrons this aromatic molecule has. Everyone in the class said 14, as there are 7 double bonds, with two pi electrons from each bond. He told us that there are only 10 pi electrons in this molecule, refused...

Homework Statement A classmate says "Since there are 2n^2 electrons possible in each energy level, and the atom with the greatest number of electrons has 118 electrons, that must mean that u is the highest possible value for n, because a value of 7 gives 2n^2 = 98 nad a value of 8 gives...

Hi forum, I have been thinking about the circular magnetic field pattern around a long straight current carrying wire and wondering about what the field pattern would be around an isolated electron moving straight in a vacuum? Somehow the magnetic field of all the individual electrons moving in...

I just read this article and it sounds like they are claiming that there are electron currents moving 6 times the speed of light? Am I understanding this correctly. The article title is "Faster-Than-Light Pulsar Phenomena"http://www.universetoday.com/49646/faster-than-light-pulsar-phenomena/

Homework Statement I'm am trying to find out the magnetic susceptibility,XM in order to calculate the number of unpaired electrons in Mn(acac)3 via the Evans Method Homework Equations XM = (477) Δv/(Qv1C) XM= X'm+ XM(metal)+ XM (ligands) Where X'M is the magnetic susceptibilty of just the...

hello everybody :) Let's assume that we could steal all electrons of an atom. What would happen? How would the atom change its properties? Could we measure different values?

Hi All, My question goes as follows: Suppose that, we charge a conducting very thin spherical shell in 'empty space' with a charge equivalent to 16 electrons. The radius (R) of the shell is 20 light years. We wait 20+ years for the electrons to reach equilibrium. Then, we approach one electron...

When dealing with a beta ^+ decay in the calculation of the disintegration energy Q, one includes the mass of 2 electrons. But the output result is 1 electron in the fundamental reaction: p => n + ( e^+ ) + v Where the neutron n has a neutral charge and the neutrino v has Z = 0. So why does...

Homework Statement An electron is released from rest in a weak electric field given by -2.8 x 10-10 N/C [PLAIN]https://www.flipitphysics.com/Content/smartPhysics/Media/Images/Tipler/Symbols/jhatbold.gif. After the electron has traveled a vertical distance of 1.9 µm, what is its speed? (Do not...

Hi. My question is why in photoelectric effect in coming photon interacts with bound electrons only? Thanks

I know that in a sphere or other geometric conducting objects there is no E field inside because all the charge resides on the outside of the object canceling any inside field , although if I were to focus an electron gas in a vacuum chamber in some circular shape , all the electrons would want...

Homework Statement The conduction band of a hypothetical crystal of one-dimensional Cesium reticular with step a=300 pm (1 atom per cell) is characterized by the ε dispersion law ##\epsilon (k) = V_0 + \frac{\hbar^2}{m_e}(\frac{1}{2}k^2 - \frac{a}{3\pi}|k|^3## where ##V_0 = -4 eV##, is set so...