even Definition and 664 Threads

The break-even point (BEP) in economics, business—and specifically cost accounting—is the point at which total cost and total revenue are equal, i.e. "even". There is no net loss or gain, and one has "broken even", though opportunity costs have been paid and capital has received the risk-adjusted, expected return. In short, all costs that must be paid are paid, and there is neither profit nor loss. The break-even analysis was developed by Karl Bücher and Johann Friedrich Schär.

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  1. STEMucator

    If a is even, prove a^(-1) is even

    Homework Statement If a is even, prove a-1 is even. Homework Equations We know that every permutation in S_n, n>1 can be written as a product of 2-cycles. Also note that the identity can be expressed as (12)(12) for this to be possible. The Attempt at a Solution Suppose a is a permutation...
  2. Y

    MHB Odd/Even Functions: Check Symmetry over Y Axis First

    Hello I have a theoretical question. When I check if a function is odd or even, I usually check: f(x)=f(-x) or f(-x)=-f(x) someone told me today that before checking it, I first need to check the symmetry over the Y axis, and if the function is not symmetric over Y, there is no point of...
  3. D

    Prove that the square of any integer, when divided by 3. only by odd and even.

    Homework Statement I know you could prove this by stating every integer is either 3m, 3m+1 or 3m+2. However I am trying to prove this just using either even numbers or odd numbers. so for example, when I try: (2x+1)^2 = 4x^2 + 4x + 1 - expand = 3x^2 + x^2 + 3x + x + 1 - group like...
  4. V

    Hardly even understand problem statement.

    Homework Statement Let f: R → P(R) given by: f(x) = {y ∈ R; sin y < x}. If A is such that f(x) = R for every x ∈ A, then: (i) A = [-1, 1]; (ii) A = (-∞, a] for every a < -1; (iii) A = [a, ∞) for every a > 1; (iv) A = (-∞, a] for every a ≤ -1; (v) A = [a, ∞) for every a ≥ 1...
  5. Government$

    Determine if Even or Odd: (x^2|x-1|)/(SQRT(x-1)^2)

    Homework Statement Show that function is even or odd: (x^2|x-1|)/(SQRT(x-1)^2) Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution (-x^2|-x-1|)/(SQRT(-x-1)^2) After this i don't know how to procede.
  6. R

    Is the particle still moving at point C?

    A 1.8 x 102-g particle is released from rest at point A on the inside of a smooth hemispherical bowl of radius R = 37.0 cm (figure below). (a) Calculate its gravitational potential energy at A relative to B. Energy of system at point A: PEA + KEA EA: PEA + KEA EA: PEA + 0 EA: PEA...
  7. marcus

    Is Holonomy Spinfoam even more likely to succeed than Twistor Networks?

    Holonomy Spinfoam models address several of the issues left open by EPRL and I suspect HS could become the new "EPRL" phenomenon: the new Loop pace-setter, instead of another strong candidate (Twistor Networks) we were discussing in another thread. I'm pretty sure that anyone who wants to...
  8. F

    Why is it not possible for the columns of a matrix to span R^2 even if

    Why is it not possible for the columns of a matrix to span R^2 even if those columns do not span R^3?
  9. T

    Can someone please integrate this (hard) (not sure if even possible)

    Please intergrate: (x+3)/(x^2+4x) is it even possible to integrate this? The question in the book was (x+2)/(x^2+4x) and it can nicely be integrated to 0.5ln(x^2+4x), but by changing the 2 to a 3 f'(x) don't go into each other. if you know what i mean.
  10. D

    How Did Einstein Manage To Even Come Up With The Theory Of Special Relativity?

    I am aware of the motives of finding a modification of Newtonian mechanics, but the effects of relativity are so subtle and negligible. How in the world was he able to even find it? Even at speeds of the Earth orbiting the Sun, the effects are almost negligible. I know he started out with a...
  11. D

    MHB Prove Evenness of Poisson Kernel for Fixed $r$

    For a fixed $r$ with $0\leq r < 1$, prove that $P(r,\theta)$ is an even function.Take $-r$. Then \begin{alignat*}{3} P(-r,\theta) & = & \frac{1}{2\pi}\frac{1 - (-r)^2}{1 - 2(-r)\cos\theta + (-r)^2}\\ & = & \frac{1}{2\pi}\frac{1 - r^2}{1 + 2r\cos\theta + r^2} \end{alignat*} I have $1 +...
  12. K

    News Extradition of Abu Hamza - is it even a news story in the USA

    It is a news story that has been grumbling on for over a decade here in the UK, but as I write this, Abu Hamza is in the air, on his way to stand trial on terrorism charges in the USA. Are you aware of this particular bundle of malevolence in the USA? Has there been any mention at all in the...
  13. I

    Can an even number of Fermions be a Bosonic system?

    Hi everyone, I've just done a problem where we are dealing with two protons with the same spin directions and the system is treated as a fermionic system. I always had the notion that two (or an even number of) fermions, for opposite spin perhaps, act as bosons. Is this true? If so, when...
  14. M

    Prove: Rational Number Squared Has Prime Factors w/ Even Exponent

    I have a theory that i need to prove but I am not quite sure how to mathematically prove that it is true. Theory: When you square a rational number, each of the prime factors has an even exponent. For example, 10 --> If i square 10, which is a rational number, =10^2 =(5^2 x 2^2)...
  15. R

    Decompose Even & Odd parts of a function?

    How would you decompose a given function to its even and odd parts? let's say you have f(x)=e^ix, and would like to know the even and odd parts of it? how do you proceed? Thank you
  16. R

    Proof that ratio of the products of odd and even numbers converges

    Homework Statement Show that a_{n} = \frac{1 \cdot 3 \cdot 5 \cdot ... \cdot (2n - 1)}{2 \cdot 4 \cdot 6 \cdot ... \cdot 2n} converges when n \rightarrow∞ and n is a natural number Homework Equations None that I can think of.The Attempt at a Solution This was from an exam and I was pretty...
  17. M

    Proving the Energy of Even and Odd Signals

    Hi everyone, In my signals assignment, I'm asked to show that, for a continuous time, real-valued signal x(t): Ex_even = Ex_odd = 0.5 * Ex So here's what I've done: Ex_even = ∫|(x(t) + x(-t))/2|²dt Ex_even = 0.5 * ∫|(x(t)² + 2x(t)x(-t) + x(-t)²)/2|dt Ex_even = 0.5 * [ 0.5 *...
  18. L

    Why Do Balance Scales Stop Even If Unbalanced

    Homework Statement Quote from the question source: Homework Equations None given, but maybe: Torque = lever arm x force The Attempt at a Solution I drew a diagram which you can see here: http://i.minus.com/ibzw9bF4vAnaJ.png (The weight differences are probably very exaggerated.) But I am...
  19. L

    Continuous time signals - Causal signal given even part

    Homework Statement Suppose h(t) is a causal signal and has the even part h_e(t) given by: h_e(t)= t[u(t)-u(t-1)]+u(t-1) for t>0. Find h(t) for all tHomework Equations For an even function f(x), f(x) = f(-x) Also even functions can be expressed as x_e(t) = 1/2[x(t)+x(-t)]The Attempt at a...
  20. M

    Proof that if 32 -|- ((a^2+3)(a^2+7)) if a is even

    Homework Statement Proof that if 32 -|- ((a^2+3)(a^2+7)) if a is even. (note: -|- means NOT divides) The question asks for a proof of this statement. Homework Equations If a | b, then there exists an integer k such that b = ka. The Attempt at a Solution If the contrapositive of the...
  21. D

    MHB Solving Even Function Integrals: $a_0$ & $a_n$

    $f(-\theta) = |\sin(-\theta)| = |-\sin\theta| = |\sin\theta| = f(\theta)$. Hence, $f$ is even, and we need to only consider. $$ f(\theta) = \frac{a_0}{2} + \sum_{n = 1}^{\infty}a_n\cos n\theta. $$ $$ a_0 = \frac{1}{\pi}\int_{-\pi}^{\pi}|\sin\theta|d\theta = \frac{1}{\pi}\int_{0}^{\pi}\sin\theta...
  22. J

    Proof by contrapositive; if (m^2+n^2) div by 4, then m,n are even numbers

    Homework Statement Let m and n be two integers. Prove that if m^2 + n^2 is divisible by 4, then both m and n are even numbers Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution Proof by Contrapositive. Assume m, n are odd numbers, showing that m^2 + n^2 is not divisible by 4...
  23. C

    Which of the following functions are odd, even or neither?

    Homework Statement Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution This is what I got but I would like to be sure before I submit the work to my professor. A. Even B. Neither C. Odd Are these correct?
  24. D

    If w is an even integer, then w^2 - 1 is not a prime number.

    hello, I am trying to solve this problem: If w is an even integer, then w^2 - 1 is not a prime number. my current working. prove by contradiction If w is a even integer then w^2 -1 is a prime number. if w = 2x then w^{2} -1 = 4x^{2} -1 I am not sure where to go from here, maybe congruence...
  25. L

    What is the Nolting spin product of graphs?

    Look at the page 256. relation (6.93). http://books.google.rs/books?id=vrcHC9XoHbsC&pg=PA256&lpg=PA256&dq=Nolting+spin+product+of+graphs&source=bl&ots=5uRIg5aDIj&sig=sawJYioGHevsuCjxs-NNv_OxSrY&hl=sr#v=onepage&q=Nolting%20spin%20product%20of%20graphs&f=false What is even vertex? Can you...
  26. N

    Ear Ossicles Amplification: Synovial Fluid Present

    How do ear ossicles help in amplification even when there is synovial fluid present?? The ear ossicles help in amplification of received sound (right?). We know that the joint between the three ear ossicles is synovial joint. Therefore, we have synovial fluid to prevent friction. This...
  27. M

    Infrared as watermark that can be detected by camera even in daylight

    Infrared works perfectly fine as a watermark on still images (infrared LEDs put at the back of the image) and even videos when the surrounding is dark. Is there a way to make it more noticeable even in broad daylight? And let's say, if my surrounding is dimmer and I want to obscure...
  28. S

    Schools Does self-study even matter to graduate schools?

    Hello everyone, Forgive me if this question has been addressed elsewhere in the forum. I've searched through the topics but did not find anything similar to my question, so I appreciate if anyone has any advice that they may be able to offer. I would love to go to graduate school and get...
  29. R

    Hello. I just got a PMT the glass bulb of which has been broken. Even

    Hello. I just got a PMT the glass bulb of which has been broken. Even if performances are not the best, do you think I can use it as an Electron Multiplier (with all convenient electronics) ?
  30. L

    MHB Can Division Even Be Allowed In Math If It's Flawed?

    How can division even be allowed in math if it sometimes leads to absurdities? For example divisions that generate a series which is obviously untrue for values that are allowed in the original equation. Seems to make the entire process questionable, even allowing for "range of convergence" etc...
  31. B

    Help identifying a part (if anything like these even exists)

    (Please see attached!) Hey guys, I'm working on a summer student project and my group is in charge of design. What you see in the bottom part of the picture is carbon fiber leg with a sleeve like mechanism that makes contact with a spring wound around the carbon fiber leg. That sleeve like...
  32. H

    Can High School Students Build a Spring-Assisted Magnetic Motor?

    So just some background info...I'm in a summer engineering program. We're all high school students (with little to no engineering experience), and we've only been in the program for two weeks now. Just recently our professor assigned my group an assignment to create a spring-assisted magnetic...
  33. G

    Even My Dr. Doesn't understand this problem

    Even My Dr. Doesn't understand this problem ! It's is desired to determine a voltage to within one part in 300.what accuracy of the meter is required?
  34. R

    Fourier series odd and even functions

    Homework Statement The Attempt at a Solution I don't understand the step above. It has something to do with this equation I think. I'm supposed to expand it into an appropriate Fourier series.
  35. P

    OK to transfer in the middle of undergrad, even if it takes an extra year?

    Because of the shortcomings that have recently come to light at the physics department (and math department, actually) of my current university, I am considering transferring to a stronger school for my area of study. I'm also a little behind on advanced and degree-specific courses because of...
  36. T

    Even and Odd Eigenfunctions in Sturm-Liouville Problems

    Homework Statement We are given the following Sturm-Liouville eigenvalueproblem: (p(x)y')' + r(x)y = \lambday y(-a) = y(a) = 0 on a symmetrisch interval I = [-a, a]. About p(x) and r(x) we are given that p(-x) = p(x) < 0 and r(-x) = r(x) \forallx \in [-a, a]. Show that every eigenfunction...
  37. C

    Even though we have enough calorie for day, why are we still hungry?

    Hello, Chitose here. It's been ages since last time I post my question here. ... As topic said, even though we have enough calorie for that day on, why are we still able to hungry? I try myself, eat chocolate bar with very high calorie, even potato snack with high calorie. and calculate that...
  38. M

    Euler's derivation of Riemann Zeta Function for even integers

    So Euler derived the analytic expression for the even integers of the Riemann Zeta Function. I was wondering if there is a link to his derivation somewhere? Also, is there anyone else who used a different method to get the same answer as Euler? Thank you
  39. N

    Finite difference method for even potential in QM

    Hello to everyone, while solving homework course Nanotechnology and Nanocomponents, I have encountered a problem in FD method that is applied in even potential. In my homework assignment it is explicitly said that it must be done only in x>0 part of the domain, where my problem starts with...
  40. aleemudasir

    Is Snell's Law valid even when incident ray is Normal to the surface?

    According to the Snell's Law refractive index n21= sin i/sin r, but when we use this equation while having a incident light normal to the surface of lens or any other refracting surface it becomes 0/0. So how can we define Snell's law in this situation?
  41. P

    Why does the SCR remain 'ON' even though the gate pulse is removed?

    Why does the SCR remain 'ON' even though the gate pulse is removed? I understood the two transistor model but I want to know the bare physics of it. If you remove the gate pulse only the +ve anode w.r.t. cathode remains, thereby making junction J2 reverse biased hence current should fall of...
  42. N

    Even Differentiable Functions and Linearization

    Is there anything special about even differentiable function of x? Give reasons behind your answer. and Find the linearization of g(x)= 3+ ∫sec(t-1)dt at x=-1 It is a definite intergral going from 1 to x^2.. a=1 b=x^2 I understand how to do regular linearization problems but with this...
  43. R

    Prove that every natural number is either even or odd.

    Hello, I'm re-studying calculus using Spivak's Calculus 4ed and I'm stuck in one of the problems. Any help is appreciated. Homework Statement The theorem to prove is "every natural number is either even or odd". The definition of even given by Spivak is the following: A natural number n is...
  44. C

    Evaluating Double Integrals of Odd and Even Functions on a Disk

    Homework Statement Suppose f : ℝ→ℝ and g : ℝ →ℝ are continuous. Suppose that f is odd and g is even. Define h(x,y) : f(x)*g(y). Let D be a disk centered at the origin in the plane. What is ∫∫h(x,y)dA? D The Attempt at a Solution I know there's probably a trick to it. Is it 0...
  45. R

    Discrete Fourier Transform of Even Function

    I'm confused about the DFT of the data, fn = cos(3\pin/N) for n=0,1,...,N. It is definitely an even function, and I read that the Fourier coefficients of an even function is real. But when I take the FFT of this in Matlab I get complex numbers, not real numbers. What am I missing? Thanks ...
  46. H

    Splitting a function into odd and even parts

    Hi, I've been looking at Fourier transforms, odd and even functions and such recently. But I'm a little confused about how exactly you split a function up. I know the general forumla and seen the derivation, however when i do it with a proper function i never seem to get the correct answer. Was...
  47. T

    Using Chebyshev and other inequality formulas (maybe even Central Limit Theorem)

    34. Turner's syndrome is a rare chromosomal disorder in which girls have only one X chromosome. It affects about 1 in 2000 girls in the United States. About 1 in 10 girls with Turner's syndrome also suffer from an abnormal narrowing of the aorta. a. In a group of 4000 girls, what is the...
  48. D

    Proving x is Even in 2^x+3^y=z^2 (1)

    Homework Statement i want to prove that x is even in this equation 2^x+3^y=z^2 (1) Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution what i have so far is (1) is congruent to mod3 2^x=z^2(mod3) when z=1 and x=2 then 4=1(mod3) so therefore x is even? have i proved that x is...
  49. C

    Verifying a Permutation: Even or Odd?

    1. I think my professor gave me credit for this problem when he shouldn't have! I just want to understand for the test, so I want someone to verify for me. 2. How do you find out whether a given permutation is even or odd without factoring it into transpositions? 3. My answer was: Factor it...
  50. Femme_physics

    How can a single electrical motor control a robot? or even a mechanical arm?

    So an electrical motor converts electrical energy to mechanical one. But an electric motor can just produce a single motion in of itself. How come connecting a mechanical arm to it allows a diversity of movements like rotation, verticial and horizontal motions to both directions!?
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