Fiber Definition and 225 Threads

Fiber or fibre (from Latin: fibra) is a natural or man-made substance that is significantly longer than it is wide. Fibers are often used in the manufacture of other materials. The strongest engineering materials often incorporate fibers, for example carbon fiber and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene.
Synthetic fibers can often be produced very cheaply and in large amounts compared to natural fibers, but for clothing natural fibers can give some benefits, such as comfort, over their synthetic counterparts.

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  1. E

    If p is a covering map with B compact and fiber of b finite, E compact

    Homework Statement Let p: E \rightarrow B be a covering map. If B is compact andp^{-1}(b) is finite for each b in B, then E compact. Note: This is a problem from Munkres pg 341, question 6b in section 54. The Attempt at a Solution I begin with a cover of E denote it \{U_\alpha\}. I...
  2. Y

    Return loss of transmission line and optical fiber

    In wikipedia, it said for optical fiber, a loss that takes place at discontinuities of refractive index, especially at an air-glass interface such as a fiber endface. At those interfaces, a fraction of the optical signal is reflected back toward the source. But what I learned in tranmission...
  3. tipu_sultan

    What is the meaning in the 144 Optical Fiber Cable? Especially why 144

    During studying the telecom underground cable network I came across the Optical Fiber Cable having the 144 fibers (single mode). I want to know why 144? Is this a Some standard to have 144 fibers in one cable? I have also viewed some of the datasheet having 144 fibers Optical Fiber Cable...
  4. E

    Stimulated Brillouin scattering inside an optical fiber

    Hello everyone I need some one once and for all to give me the steps to have a clear step by step idea about the stimulated Brillouin scattering inside an optical fiber please and thank you
  5. H

    Abstract algebra: elements of fiber writable as

    Greetings, For a homomorphism \varphi, I'm trying to show that elements of a fiber, say the fiber above a, X_a, are writable as a given element of X_a times an element of the kernel K. So, if a\in X_a and b\in X_a, then \exists k\in K such that b=ak. I want to do this without using the...
  6. P

    High strength ceramic vs metals vs metal fiber composite

    metals are generally considered more useful for high strength parts because ceramics break when exposed to sudden shock, but what about when a continuous force is applied to a ceramic and a metal of the same dimensions by a high strength ceramic i mean a higher hardness than the metal (such as...
  7. J

    How are fiber optic cables affected with time?

    Does anyone know of some good references regarding how fiber optics are effected while aging in the field? What determines the life span of a fiber installation? Specifically, what causes the signal quality to degrade, and how quickly does it degrade. (That is, how does the attenuation across...
  8. A

    Total internal reflection inside a fiber optic cable

    Homework Statement A multi-mode fiber optic cable has a core diameter d = 115 mm, ncore = 1.42, and ncladding = 1.17. What is the largest possible angle θin relative to the surface normal that light can enter the fiber (i.e. pass from air into the fiber core) and experience total internal...
  9. tsuwal

    Need a suggestion for an assignment on fiber optics.

    I am finishing a course on Eletromagnetism and Optics. I am currently a physics student in the second year of university. I passed the final exam and now I'm supposed to do a work on fiber optics. Do you know any interesting problem that i could adress? It can be a hard one, I am supposed to...
  10. T

    Seeking recommendations for fiber laser mode-locking resources

    Hi there, I'm working on fiber lasers and I'm interested in getting up to speed with the topic of mode-locked fiber lasers. However, I can't seem to find resources suitable for me at this current stage, hope that you guys can help recommend a suitable review paper, book or anything that's...
  11. V

    Carbon fiber raw strength vs laminates

    If raw carbon fiber has strength of say 4000 mpa, how come it is reduced when put in epoxy laminate to become only 950 mpa?
  12. Spinnor

    Fiber bundles and the fiber for Electromagnetism.

    The circle is the fiber over Minkowski spacetime for electromagnetism? I want to make connection to the classical vector potential via some " picture" involving this circle. Does the following come close? Can I consider a 3 dimensional surface in C_1XMinkowski space that at a given slice of...
  13. M

    Polymer with high Coefficient of Friction to Carbon Fiber

    Hey all, I'm trying to design a clamp that has to hold onto a hollow carbon fiber tube, approximately 2.5 inches in diameter. The clamp will be bearing a 15-20lb load. The carbon fiber will be at angles from 20-70 degrees from a vertical axis. I'm curious if there is a polymer that can be...
  14. M

    What is the best method for determining fiber load in a composite material?

    Hello there, I am wondering if some specilalist would point in me in the direction of procedures to determine the load in a fiber in a composite material made of aligned fibers (let's say at alternating angles $$+/- \alpha$$). I understand you could simply compute the strain in a convenient...
  15. R

    Optical Home-Made Fiber Optics: Alternatives to Food Jelly?

    Hello. I know how to realize an homemade fiber optic using some food jelly. Are there other materials, at amateur grade; to replace jelly ? ( NB this item has to be used in high vacuum, and jelly is not convenient for this use)
  16. J

    How does a single fiber optic cable transmit millions of signals

    That's how the internet works across oceans, correct? I understand how a fiber optic cable transmits information, but how does it transmit everybody's information at once in just one dollar coin sized cable? One after the other? I find that hard to believe given how fast the internet is, even at...
  17. tsuwal

    Fiber optics: using continous variation refractive indexes hold light?

    My teacher said that instead of using a fiber optic made of just one material we could use a set of materials with progressively low refractive index to turn the light back in, like so: In the case of a continuous variation of refraction index, how can you do the math. Can you please show...
  18. F

    In fiber optics is the thickess of the cladding important?

    Hello Forum, a fiber optic cable has two components: a core and a surrounding layer called cladding. The core has an index of refraction n_cor sligthly larger than the cladding core c_clad. This allows total internal reflection to take place. The difference in index is small to avoid...
  19. T

    How can we combine metal and fiber together?

    Hello, I would like to ask something here. If I would like to combine metal and fiber, what method is the the best because we can't simply glue them together. what material can hold them together. And can we test the strength of them after they stick together using ANSYS software? It would be...
  20. Z

    How Much Light Can Fiber Optic Cables Carry?

    I am trying to design a system that will carry light for illumination along a fiber optic cable. I see that there are many thicknesses of fiber optic cable - however I am unsure of the purpose of this. I've never heard of a 'density' of light that you can put into a cable - is there such a...
  21. Spinnor

    Sending polarerized light through light fiber that is all jumbled up.

    Say we have laser light propagating in the +z direction and polarized in the x direction that then enters a fiber optic cable. Let the fiber optic cable, of some length, be quite jumbled up so that the light photons are guided in a crazy path, kind of like a jumbled up ball of string. Let the...
  22. S

    Transmitting visible light via optical fiber

    Hi, A colleague of mine at work has this idea of using a focusing lens to focus the visible light into a optical fiber and guide it to some destination, e.g. room with no windows. I have no experience in optics, or in QED (only some "layman" knowledge of monochromatic light and its...
  23. G

    Carbon Fiber or Fiberglass rope/ribbon?

    Hi guys, I was wondering if it is possible to use raw carbon fiber or fiberglass fibers without any sort of binder or adhesive epoxy in a rope or an unidirectional ribbon as long as the load is uniform, predictable, and in one direction. I think it would be less vulnerable to crack...
  24. C

    Auto/Motor Feasibility of a carbon fiber chassis (DIY car design)

    Hey everybody, a couple years ago, I came across the top gear video for the Arial atom: a ~1000 lbs road legal 'go-cart' with a supercharged I-4 engine with a power to weight ratio of 600HP/Ton. Even though the body is already light, I would love too (once I get the time and resources) build...
  25. D

    How to Define Lattice Properties for Octagonal PCF in OptiFDTD 8?

    Need on urgent basis as to design supercell lattice of pcf
  26. F

    Modes and numerical aperture of a fiber optic cable

    Hello Forum, the numerical aperture NA of a fiber optics is given by the square root of the squared core index minus the squared cladding index. The NA indicates the angular ability to collect light from the outside of the fiber, i.e. the max semi-angle over which light will enter the fiber...
  27. H

    Total internal refraction inside an optical fiber

    Homework Statement In the attachment below, a ray of light undergoes total internal reflection in an optical fiber such that the angle θ between the ray and the interface is 47°. Assuming the fiber is surrounded by air, what is the minimum index of refraction necessary for this to occur...
  28. P

    Fiber Optic Y Connection Question

    Is it possible to have a fiber optic wire spliced onto another (or starting from 3 separate fibers) to form a Y shape and have loss-less (or close thereto, as good as a normal splice) transmission from 2 of the fibers into the third? I know this wouldn't work for double-clad fiber or for...
  29. T

    How Thick Should Carbon Fiber Springs Be to Withstand a 200-Pound Impact?

    Hello this is me first post on here i don't know if this would be the right section but I'm trying to design and build this spring to only deflect 2-2.5 inches the force on it will be 200 pounds falling from 6 feet and coming down on the the two circles. my problem is i need to learn how to...
  30. F

    Fiber bragg grating and pressure

    hello,i just want to know how the fiber bragg grating is being affected by the pressure that act on it? and where is the reference that i can refer to further reading..thanks
  31. D

    Fiber Optic Interconnects to transfer data

    Has anyone use fiber optic interconnects in their computers? I read an article suggesting that this is the way to go to move data really quickly, and it got me interested. My google search's have primarily just resulted in company's trying to sell connectors, etc. etc... Any actual...
  32. N

    Fiber Optic PPR biochemicals detection sensor

    I was reading this journal on FO-PPR sensor and had a doubt. Couldn't exactly google for an answer as it was unclear. "Integration of fiber optic-particle plasmon resonance biosensor with microfluidic chip" by a group of scientists. I have attached the pdf. Under the section "Preparation of...
  33. M

    Searching for problems in fiber, splicing or connector

    I've made fiber laser system. Previously, there's no problem in my set up and achieved good result. Further, when I want to repeat that experiment with similar set up, spectrum shows quite worse than previous. I'd try to check,change certain new fiber components,connectors but it still worse...
  34. S

    How Do Fiber Optic Current Sensors Work in Substations?

    Hello..I'm a undergrad student from hyderabad ,India. Presently I'm am doing a theory based research project on fiber optic current sensors ..which are mainly used to sense current in substations . Recently i got a paper when i googled on the net. It was titled Temperature and Vibration...
  35. S

    How Do Fiber Optic Current Sensors Work in Substations?

    Hello seniors..im a undergrad student from hyderabad ,India. Presently I am am doing a theory based research project on fiber optic current sensors ..which are mainly used to sense current in substations . Recently i got a paper when i googled on the net. It was titled Temperature and...
  36. Matterwave

    Understanding the Inverse of a Fiber Bundle Projection Map

    Hey guys, I've often seen in the definition of a Fiber bundle a projection map \pi: E\rightarrow B where E is the fiber bundle and B is the base manifold. This projection is used to project each individual fiber to its base point on the base manifold. I then see a lot of references to...
  37. V

    Expansion rate of Carbon Fiber vs Steel

    I am a lisc. Auto body tech, and I have a customer who wants a Carbon Fiber roof on a Volkwagen bug, I can fabricate a inner frame, and bonding will not be an issue, (according to paint rep) The hard part is I want to do a flush seem and have paint blend into carbon fiber. I will "butt" match...
  38. A

    Fiber Optics - Absolute and decibel Power Gains

    Homework Statement Problem is very simple but the textbook used for this class is complete garbage and has confused me to no end. a) Convert the following absolute power gains (dBm) to decibel power gains (dB). 10^-3 dBm, 2^n dBm b) Convert the following decibel power gains (dB) to...
  39. H

    Light Traveling in both Directions in a fiber optic cable

    We have a spectrometer in our lab that collects light through a fiber optic cable, however it also sends a 532nm laser down this fiber optic cable. My background isn't in optics, and it would seem to me that the returning light (which is typically around 694 nm) would interfere with each...
  40. K

    Optics - reduce image and launch into optical fiber

    Dear all, I'd like to know if there is a way of reducing an image and launching it into the core of an optical fiber. By other words, I'm not interested in the spatial distribution of the light (the image itself) but I'm interested in gathering all the light coming from the scene and...
  41. S

    E&M Fiber Amplifier Homework Solutions

    Homework Statement One of the most exciting developments in lightwave engineering is the Erbidium doped fiber amplifier (ERDF A). It is very quiet(low noise) has a bandwidth of hundreds of GHz and relatively low cost.The fiber is "pumped" by a semiconductor laser operating at 850nm and the...
  42. T

    Constant in Modes of Optical Fiber

    Dear All, Many thanks for reading this query. Actually, I am having problem in measuring the mode fields of Optical fiber at the core-cladding interface analytically for modes LP01 and LP11. The modes are normally given by eq 2.165 (image attached). To my knowledge these constants A and C...
  43. R

    Output Intensity Profile of Multimode Fiber

    I am trying to model light that (1) exits a multimode fiber (2) passes through a cylindrical lens system and (3) enters a multimode fiber (and yes I know that a cylindrical lens system is not ideal for fiber coupling). The radius of curvature for each of the cylindrical lenses in my system...
  44. K

    On transition functions of fiber bundle

    I don't understand why the constructed fiber bundle E have g_{\alpha \beta} as its transition function. The problem is in the pdf file,thank you!
  45. J

    Couple light into photonic crystal fiber

    I have one hollow core fiber, the core is around 20um, Numerical Aperture is 0.03. The spot size of Ti:Sapphire laser is around 2~2.5mm. So I used focal length 50mm. But only very few power can be achieved (6uw). I wonder the reason. Could someone please give me some suggestions?
  46. S

    Help Finding a Simple Fiber Optic Sensor for Pressure/Temp Measurement

    hello can someone suggest a simple fiber optic pressure/temperature sensor that can be constructed ...with reasonable accuracy and less equipment... i came across a few papers about the same...but not sure about the scale and precision required... please help thanks
  47. M

    How Do Different Wavelengths Affect Pulse Timing in Fiber Optics?

    Homework Statement I'm taking an introduction course in optics and I came across this exercise which I can't find how to solve: "Two light pulses with different wave lengths 500 and 600 nm is sent into a 1 km long fiber. n(610 nm) = 1.399, n(600 nm) = 1.400, n(510 nm) = 1.448, n(500) = 1.45...
  48. B

    Transverse mode output from a multimode fiber using TEM00 laser source?

    If a TEM00 output laser source (regarding both cases of single frequency vs multifrequency) is used as input into a multimode optical fiber, is it possible for the output of the optical fiber to be multimode?
  49. D

    Medical Have you ever had an optical fiber shoved up

    ... your nose and down your throat? I had a throat ache that wouldn't go away, and so to see what was going on, they did this medical procedure. The interesting part is that I never saw it coming. They asked questions, cleaned away ear wax, sprayed a liquid in my nostrils, and out of no...
  50. B

    Applications for optimized carbon fiber composites

    Hi, for a University project I need to find areas of application for a special carbon fibre composite design process. This process makes it possible to optimize several properties of the carbon composite at once. For example it is possible to develop structures that provide several...
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