Ice is water frozen into a solid state. Depending on the presence of impurities such as particles of soil or bubbles of air, it can appear transparent or a more or less opaque bluish-white color.
In the Solar System, ice is abundant and occurs naturally from as close to the Sun as Mercury to as far away as the Oort cloud objects. Beyond the Solar System, it occurs as interstellar ice. It is abundant on Earth's surface – particularly in the polar regions and above the snow line – and, as a common form of precipitation and deposition, plays a key role in Earth's water cycle and climate. It falls as snowflakes and hail or occurs as frost, icicles or ice spikes and aggregates from snow as glaciers and ice sheets.
Ice exhibits at least eighteen phases (packing geometries), depending on temperature and pressure. When water is cooled rapidly (quenching), up to three types of amorphous ice can form depending on its history of pressure and temperature. When cooled slowly, correlated proton tunneling occurs below −253.15 °C (20 K, −423.67 °F) giving rise to macroscopic quantum phenomena. Virtually all ice on Earth's surface and in its atmosphere is of a hexagonal crystalline structure denoted as ice Ih (spoken as "ice one h") with minute traces of cubic ice, denoted as ice Ic and, more recently found, Ice VII inclusions in diamonds. The most common phase transition to ice Ih occurs when liquid water is cooled below 0 °C (273.15 K, 32 °F) at standard atmospheric pressure. It may also be deposited directly by water vapor, as happens in the formation of frost. The transition from ice to water is melting and from ice directly to water vapor is sublimation.
Ice is used in a variety of ways, including for cooling, for winter sports, and ice sculpting.
I saw this video a long time ago and just assumed it was fake, but I just saw it again and honestly don't know how this is possible. Wouldn't the ice cube just instantly melt?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aLwaPP9cxT4
A puck, weighing 75KG(yes, 75kg) is launched from 0-20m/s in 4.4s. Determine the unbalanced force and acceleration.
Fnet=ma A=v/t
This PART was easy, A=20/4.4, A=4.55m/s^2. Fnet=75(4.55) Fnet=341.25N
Its the next part that gets tricky...
The puck, traveling at a constant...
Hi guys, brand-new simpleton here.
Quick question: would it be possible to stop ice formation on a cold surface with an electromagnetic field? How strong should it be (if possible)?
Thank you!
Are there changes in the appearance and characteristics of ice as the temperature continues to fall? Say at -30 C, -60 C, etc? Does it remain slippery? Is there a point where it breaks up?
QUESTION: Say I have the following equilibrium reaction
CO+\frac{1}{2}O_2\leftrightharpoons CO_2
The stoichiometric mixture of CO and $O_2$ in a closed vessel, initially at 1 atm and 300K, is exploded. Calculate the composition of the products of combustion at 2500K and the gas pressure.
Take...
Homework Statement
A)You have a tank containing 750 mL of water and a heater outputting a max of 400 W. If you start with the water at 25 degrees, how long till it reaches boiling point?
B) How much heat must be input to melt 1 gram of ice? What is the volume of meltwater does this produce...
Hello, I'm trying to bone up on my conservation of angular momentum skills as well as my ice skating skills so I can be like my hero, Michio Kaku.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nyYMbQFYGPU
Unfortunately my ice skating skills are better than my physics skills, so I thought y'all might be...
What is the result of the following experiment?
We put an amount of water in a uniform electrostatic field. We get a polarisation.
Keeping the polarizing field, we cool rapidly the water until it became solid.
We turn off the polarizing field.
Do we obtain a permanently polarized piece of...
Here is a video of a large ice floe (~70x140m) moving visibly back and forth within a ~30cm range at ~1cm/s. The floe covers only half of the lake, but that almost completely, except a ~1m wide strip at the shore. At the end of the movie the camera pans to show the size of the floe.
What causes...
Homework Statement
An 18g ice cube at -4.0ºC is placed into 75g of water at 10 ºC in an
insulated container.
a. What is the final temperature of the system?
b. How much of the ice melts?
I have a sheet full of these & ice to water to steam I really need somone to explain how to find the...
Homework Statement
If 10-kg of ice at 0 degrees Celsius is added to 2-kg of steam at 100 degrees Celsius, the temperature of the resulting mixture is? Use Joules. ANSWER: 40
Homework Equations
Specific Heats:
Ice = 2060
Steam = 2020
Latent Heats:
Water melting = 3.33x10^5...
A hockey puck on a frozen pond with an initial speed of 21.9 m/s stops after sliding a distance of 209.7 m. Calculate the average value of the coefficient of kinetic friction between the puck and the ice.
F(friction)=mu*Normal force
Vf^2=Vi^2+2a(Xf-Xi)
I used the second equation I gave...
I apologize for not following the template, but it doesn't really fit. I would have posted it elsewhere but as it's for academic purposes I think it has to be here. Please excuse me if I'm wrong.
I'm a high schooler working on a project, and I was planning to send ≈3 cm microwaves through an...
Homework Statement
Your 200-g cup of tea is boiling-hot. About how much ice should your add to
bring it down to a comfortable sipping temperature of65°C . Assume that the ice is
initially at−15°C . The specific heat capacity of ice is 0.5cal g⋅°C , for water is 1 cal g⋅°C.
The latent...
Sam, whose mass is 75kg takes off down a 50m high, 10° slope on his jet powered skis. The skis have a thrust of 200N Sam's speed at the bottom of the slope is 40m/s. What is the skis co-effecient of kinetic friction with the ice?
Homework Equations
Thought originally to use...
Im having a discusion reguarding what temperature (celsius) supercooled water needs to be if it was to freeze completely solid. Going from liquid to solid "produces" heat. Therefor it is obvious that the temperature needs to be somewhat below zero.
What temperature (celsius) is needed if all...
Homework Statement
When ice at 0 degrees is placed into an environment that is colder than it, the ice will transfer heat to it's environment. However, if one layer of ice (meaning 2 molecules of H2O thin) is heated with just enough heat energy to melt it, will heat still be conducted...
I have an archos 101 g9 tebo tablet.
And it is running android ice cream sand witch 4.0
I just got Skype. And everyone can hear me but not see me.
But I can hear and see everyone.
Do I have to turn on my camara??
If so how?
An ice sled powered by a rocket engine starts from rest on a large frozen lake and accelerates at +38 ft/s2. After some time t1, the rocket engine is shut down and the sled moves with constant velocity v for a time t2. Assume the total distance traveled by the sled is 15750 ft and the total time...
Homework Statement
A 100g piece of ice at 0.0°C is dropped into 500g of water at 100°C. What is the final temperature of mixture.
Homework Equations
Q=mL (latent heat)
Q=mcΔt
Qw=-Qx (energy absorbed by water is equal but opposite to that of substance inserted into water)
specific...
Is the ace age ever expected to return at any point in the distant future?
Human beings survived the first ice age, so hypothetically speaking, what effect would it have on modern civilization if it occurred today?
Homework Statement
a polar bear weighing 1250 kg is on a slab of ice. The slab of ice is at water level. The density of the ice is 925 kg/m3 and the water is 1030 kg/m3. Find the mass of the slab of ice
Homework Equations
Density = Mass/Volume
The Attempt at a Solution
SInce the...
When water freezes to ice, it becomes so strong that we can move over it.
This freezing takes place of bonding between water molecules, the mass of water being the same.
1. Does it mean that we are virtually walking on forces?
2. Does it mean that forces are more important than mass...
Hi,
I have a question regarding the following picture of a lattice of ice:
Why does it form the shape that it does? Is it because of the repulsion of charges from the valence electrons?
Thanks,
Hi,
Homework Statement
I am trying to find how long it will take 8 kg of ice whose temperature is -10 C, kept in a sealed isolating box placed in room temperature (25 C), to turn into water whose temp. is 20 C. The box is a cube whose side is 20 cm, the thickness of the box is 2 cm, and κ =...
Homework Statement
A boy is initially seated on the top of a hemispherical ice mound of radius r=13.8m. He begins to slide down the ice, with an initial speed vi=3m/sec. Approximate the ice as being frictionless. At what height does the boy lose contact with the ice?
Homework Equations...
been an ice cube maker for many years now :-p and have never seen this happen before.
I imagine air was trapped water was starting to freeze and forced the air out at the same time as freezing, but all seems pretty coincidental for two cubes to do this.
Anyone know how this happened...
Okay, suppose we have two people, one being 50 kg and the other being 100 kg; they are separated by 600 m, with each person holding on the end of a rope of negligible mass. Why is it, that when one of the two people creates a tension in the string, they meet at their center of mass?
Also, how...
Homework Statement
Suppose that 20.0g of steam at 110°C is mixed with 25.0g of ice at -40°C What will the final temperature be?
Ice - Specific heat capacity 2.10 J/g°C
Water - Specific heat capacity 4.19 J/g°C
Water - Latent heat of fusion 334 J/g
Water - Latent heat of vaporization 2268...
Homework Statement
An ice cube at its freezing point is placed in nested Styrofoam cups which contain 240g of water at 21.5 degrees C. If the final equilibrium temperature when the last trace of ice melts is 15 degrees C, what was the mass of the ice cube?
Homework Equations
mCΔt = -mCΔt...
Homework Statement
It is said that good ice skating only occurs when the ice below the skates melts. Using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, estimate the coldest temperature at which good ice skating can occur. (Water expands 9% on freezing, Latent heat of ice melting is 334 kJ/Kg, the contact...
Homework Statement
Suppose that 20.0g of steam at 110°C is mixed with 25.0g of ice at -40°C What will the final temperature be?
Ice - Specific heat capacity 2.10 J/g°C
Water - Specific heat capacity 4.19 J/g°C
Water - Latent heat of fusion 334 J/g
Water - Latent heat of vaporization 2268 J/g...
I am trying to find the amount of ice that melts when a lead bullet traveling at 240 m/s at 30 °C. This textbook claims I should use the formula
\dfrac{1}{2} m v^2 + m_{bullet} c_{bullet} \left|\Delta \right| T = L_f \Delta m
What I don't understand is why I shouldn't first calculate how...
Using a 30kg cubic block Ice at -20degC, I want to cool down a piece of steel which is resting on the seabed. The mass of steel is 1kg and the ice block is place on top of the steel.
The current sea temperature as well as the steel temp is estimated at 12degC
Assuming that the piece of steel...
Homework Statement
We completed a lab with the following information
Substance Mass(g) Starting temperature (°C) Final Temperature (°C)
Ice cube 15.55 0 12
Water 151.25 21 12
Now...
Homework Statement
Consider the heating curve for H2O.
a. As heat is added to melt ice, does the the temperature change? Explain what happens to the heat that is added.
b. For the same amount of H2O, does it take more to melt ice or vaporize water? Explain why.
c. Is the fusion of ice...
i understand that this may seem like a impossible theory but is it possible that ice could form inside a sun, i understand that the core of a sun is extremely hot but due to the incredible pressures invovled could hydrogen or another gas be compressed so much that it could form ice?
Homework Statement
What is the value of Kc for the reaction H2(g) + F2(g) <=> 2HF(g) given that when 0.010 mol H2 and 0.050 mol F2 are added to a 1.00 L container, 0.0125 mol HF is present at equilibrium.
Homework Equations
The Attempt at a Solution
I'm confused about how to set up the ICE...
Homework Statement
A 250-kg board, 2.4 m in length slides broadside along the surface of ice with a speed of 21m/s . A 63 kg man at rest grabs one end as it goes past and hangs on as both he and the beam go spinning down the ice. Assume frictionless motion, and assume that the man can be...
Homework Statement
A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses
4:8106 kg of coal each day. The heat produced by the combustion of coal is 3:3107 J/kg.
The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of 300C, and the exhaust water is at
37C. (a) How much...
1. 0.500kg of ice at -5.00°C is put into a vessel containing 1.80kg of water at 17.00°C and mixed together, the result being a mixture of ice and water at 0.00°C. Calculate that final masses of ice and water, taking the water equivalent of the vessel as 0.148kg, the specific heat of ice as...
Power Equation??
Homework Statement
An ice cube is placed in a microwave oven. Suppose the oven delivers 135 W of power to the ice cube and that it takes 33200 Joules to melt it. How long does it take for the ice cube to melt?
Homework Equations
P = W / T
The Attempt at a Solution
Ok so I...
Ok, so my 8 year old son started playing ice hockey and unfortunately to get good, you need lost of ice time which is expensive and hard to come by. I am trying to figure out how to make a homemade ice rink this winter. I live in south NJ and the winters are not cold enough to have a lasting...
Homework Statement
You are standing on a sheet of ice that covers the football stadium parking lot in Buffalo; there is negligible friction between your feet and the ice. A friend throws you a ball of mass 0.400kg that is traveling horizontally at 10.5 m/s . Your mass is 65.0 kg .
If you...
Two part question, I can answer the first one, but i don't know how
A 200g calorimeter made of aluminum contains 500g of water at 20°C. A 100g piece of ice is cooled to -20°C and is placed in the calorimeter.
(a)Find the final temperature of the system, assuming no heat loss.
(b)If we...
Hello!
I'm trying to come up with ideas for ways to simulate extraction methods for asteroid mining. I've got a few ideas based off of internet & database searches, and have an idea I'd like to work on. It involves the separation of materials using centripetal force. Materials would...
Homework Statement
A dockworker applies a constant horizontal force of 80 N to a block of ice on a smooth horizontal floor. The fritional force is negligible. The block starts from rest and moves 11 meter in 5 seconds.
What is the mass of the block of ice?
Homework Equations
Newton's...
A block of ice of mass m is released from rest at the top of a frictionless ramp of length L. at the bottom of the incline the speed of the ice is v1. given m,L,v1 determine
the time needed to hit the bottom
the angle between the ramp and the horizontal
the accel of the ice
I made my...
[b]1. Homework Statement
When a lab associate melts 10.9 g of ice at 0 °C, then heats the liquid to its boiling point and then vaporizes it against 1.0 atm of pressure, find the work done in kJ.
Homework Equations
work = -Pext(deltaV)
The Attempt at a Solution
I found that delta H = 32.836...