Internal Definition and 993 Threads

I am asking if a SATA -II TOSHIBA HDWD110 Internal HDD Storage Device software is compatible with a FOXCONN H61 MX Motherboard with Celeron 6 1610 2.6 GHz Processor PC ? or if a SATA -II TOSHIBA HDWD110 Internal HDD Storage Device software is compatible with a HP COMPAQ ELITE 8200 SFF PC...

Dear Engineers, I hope this message finds you well. I'm reaching out to seek guidance on a new project that I am undertaking: the construction of an Internal Floating Roof (IFR) tank with a dome roof. As I am relatively new to this position, this project presents a significant learning...

I am uncertain if this represents situation (a) or situation (b). i.e. is 2 = E-iR or is 2 = E? Or is the question ambiguous? Thanks!

How do you know which binding energy shell to use? In the solution it uses K and L2. Why specifically L2 and not L3 or L1 for example? And what should I do with the information to omit electrons lower than 20kev? I initially thought that meant to omit the electron binding energies lower than...

Also, I wonder if a system can have work done to it due to its internal forces, as it is generally said that the work done due to internal forces is zero or at least I have learnt that(cannot trust my knowledge anymore, lol). I got this question in my mind because of a situation in another...

Since the system is doing no work, would it be just 4513 J? I don't think there is any other information to use

I am interested in experimenting with AR lenses and one of the main technologies is a waveguide. They rely on total internal reflection, which needs light to go from a higher to lower refractive index medium. I am reading that current AR lenses use an outer layer with a lower refractive index to...

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https://www.msn.com/en-us/autos/news/toyota-s-upcoming-hydrogen-powered-5-0-v-8-engine-has-the-potential-to-bury-evs/ar-AA15Q9mq See also an old thread - https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/hydrogen-combustion-engines.70653/ But what material. I know that Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metals...

So the question goes like this: find change in internal energy in process 1->2 using diagram. And offered solutions a)-400J b)400J c)600J d)800J. First I found T1 and T2 using (P*V)/T=R and got T1=24K and T2=72K. Then I found n(number of moles) using PV=nRT and got n1=1mol, n2=1mol. Then I...

Hello Everyone, This is not a completely new dilemma but I have been discussing it with several people and teachers and read different physics textbooks and continue to get different perspectives, sometimes overlapping sometimes not. Let me explain and summarize: Forces are interactions...

I was reading an article by Edward Harrison, which tackles the problems of conservation of energy at cosmological scales. At some part (point 2.4) he cites several article, including one by Rees and Gott, which he says indicates that the internal energy of a comoving volume (e.g. a cosmic...

At a single moment of coordinate time ##t##, would a distant observer perceive a warp bubble's interior volume as blown up, or would it seem compressed? Looking in the catalogue of spacetimes at the static local tetrad of the Alcubierre metric, the ##e^x_{(x)}## leads me to think that a static...

I was reading an article by Edward Harrison, which tackles the problems of conservation of energy at cosmological scales. At some point (point 2.4) he cites several article, including one by Rees and Gott, which he says indicates that the internal energy of a comoving volume (e.g. a cosmic...

Have been busy working with a student doing a Physics prac to determine the internal resistance of an AA 1.5 V (nominal) battery. The basic formula being investigated is: $$Vt=E_{cell}−Ir_i$$ where ##Vt## is the load (resistive only) voltage, ##E_{cell}## is the emf of the AA battery, ##I## is...

Canonical ensemble is the statistical ensemble which is applicable for the closed system in contact with the reservoir at constant temperature ##T##. Canonical ensemble is characterized by the three fixed variables; number of particles ##N##, volume ##V## and temperature ##T##. What is said is...

This is a thermodynamics question. A gas absorbs 10 000 J of heat , it releases 3000 J and does 2000 J of work. How much has the internal energy varied? So I did 10 000 - 3000 -2000 = 5000 J so internal energy decreases by 5000 J. But the correct answer is A) it increased by 5000 J . How ?

Hi , I am based in Australia and my question originates from some grey areas in the Australian system of classifying pressure vessels. I am guessing most users on this forum are US based . Does the US have a system for classifying pressure vessels such as air receivers , boilers, autoclaves...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-11093-z In this new 2 May 2022 publication, an experimental effort was made to measure directly the internal energy changes of non-ideal CO2, from the decrease in temperature as the liquid-gas expanded from one cylinder into two. With the empirical...

Hi, This post is about a 4-piston, 4 stroke internal combustion engine(ICE).Here is an youtube animation for such an engine. I actually have 2 questions. Q1: We have seen in demos and videos that in a 4-piston (ICE) engine, the pistons P1 ,P4 (pair 1) and P2, P3 (pair 2) are in phase when...

Hi, I would like to ask, why K-shell electrons coming from the internal conversion are much more frequent than L or M-shell electrons (see Fig). K-shell electrons are more tightly bound than L-shell, I would say that it is easier for gamma particle to kick off less tightly electron, no? Thank...

I have pump of unknown flowrate pumping water through a tube of length L and diameter D. I know that the flowrate of water exiting the tube is X mL/min. I would like to know the internal pressure of the tubing, how can I calculate it? This all occurs at sea level elevation.

In a system, the net internal torque should be 0. If we have two fly wheels, one spinning with angular velocity w, and the other at rest and the flywheel at rest is dropped onto the other flywheel, the two fly wheels reach the same angular velocity due to friction between the two wheels. I am...

I believe I got the first part of this questions solved. For part b, we are asked to find the change in internal energy. We know ΔE=Q+W. The cylinder,gas and piston head are the system. The cylinder and piston head are well insulated, so there will be no head transfer, therefore Q=0. So now...

In an Internal Combustion Engine, does liquid gasoline itself burn/combust, or is it the gasoline VAPOR emitted from the liquid gasoline by evaporation that burns/ combusts? (assuming that Oxygen is present in the Air and Fuel mixture)

Hello, While trying to understand how a lever truly works and a force can be amplified using a larger lever arm, I read a thread on how levers amplify forces (https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/22944/how-do-levers-amplify-forces ) and the discussion involves stresses, internal torques...

a) We use the definition of heat transfer in a gas at constant volume: Q = n*C_v*delta_T = (0.01 mol)(12.47 J/mol*K)(40 K) = 4.99 J b) We use the definition of heat transfer in a gas at constant pressure: Q = n*C_p*delta_T = (0.01 mol)(12.47 J/mol*K)(40 K) = 8.31 J c) In both processes delta_U...

Here is the internal circuit of a 741 op-amp - Here is a HSpice model I found in the educational section - Both are essentially the same, keeping aside subtle differences. I am yet to understand the technicalities of an op-amp, so I would like to analyze the circuit using the first picture...

Summary:: Basically the title: It seems that one of the formulas I use considers the pressure in PdV to be internal, when as far as I know, it is external. So to my understanding, in w = PdV, the pressure is the external pressure. However, I get tripped up because in my textbook, for a...

I know the answers are 9 V and .5 ohms but I have no idea how to get there. Originally I solved for Delta V in the open circuit through (1.636)(5) which gave me 8.18V. Then, I solved for Delta V in the closed circuit through (1.565)(1/((1/5)+(1/10)) which gave me 5.51 V. I used these voltages...

Hi. I am in the IB and am looking at doing a physics IA (internal assessment) on Young's modulus on an elastic material. I was thinking of doing it on the the stretchy snakes like the candy. What would I need to cover in this?

https://scitechdaily.com/nasas-insight-mission-reveals-the-detailed-internal-structure-of-mars/ https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/nasa-insight- spacecraft -reveals-first-peek-inside-mars-center https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/nasa-s-insight-reveals-the-deep-interior-of-mars...

When current starts flowing in a circuit, voltage of the battery drops from EMF value. There are three sources of this however here I am only interested in ohmic resistance of the battery. EMF of the battery is created because of electrochemical processes on both electrodes which create...

ΔQ=mC(T3-T1) But, will this C be Cp or Cv. Both pressure and volume changes. So, neither of them can be. Feeling so confused

Summary:: A hinged structure applied with a load, should the structure totally been calculated in order to find the resultant force? Hello, Two situations, the first is a simple structure with a 20 N load at point C. The moment-equation is composed next to it. Second situation: A hinged...

If we look at system at constant temperature and volume which is galvanic cell, first law of thermodynamics states: $$ dU = dQ + dW' $$ Where W' is electrical work done by galvanic cell and Q is heat exchanged with surroundings. As far as I know electrical work is work done by electric field...

the angle of incidence at A is 40°, then why did the answer key say "angle of incidence at A is just less than 90°". it is obvious that 40° is quite far from 90° right?

Well, internal energy is the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of all the molecules within a given mass of a substance; this energy is associated with the random, disordered motion of the molecules. An example of internal energy is compressed gases; since gases occupy the total volume...

Is the purpose of the 0th, 1st & 2nd Laws of Thermodynamics simply to legitimate the thermodynamic properties of Temperature, Internal Energy & Entropy, respectively? It seems that all these laws really do is establish that these properties are valid thermodynamic state properties and the...

If a system is in an eigenstate of the hamiltonian operator, the state of the system varies with time only with a "j exp(w t)" phase factor. So, the system is in a "stationary state": no variation with time of observable properties. But the system could in theory (for what I understand) be...

Am i right Is internal energy for engineering just the sum of energy stored with a system of a substance. which is only affect by heat and work coming out of the system

What is a boundary and how can boundary interactions be used in echolocation and examining internal body structures?

Hello: I was looking for a widespread convention (akin to Hibbeler's, Beer's, etc) that deals with the sign convention of a vertical bar for bending moments. For example, without knowing in advance, how do I draw the bending moment at a cut passing through point E in the figure attached? Beam...

Homework Statement:: Does Sars-cov-2 Virus have Reverse Transcriptase enzyme for its replication purpose? Relevant Equations:: None I surfed Google for a relevant answer to my query but failed to find one.I just want to confirm whether Sars-cov-2 has the Reverse Transcriptase or...

Summary:: How internal energy changes in a acclerated cabin. There are two tourus shaped insulated closed pipes containing equal amounts of ideal gas under same conditions. B has a adiabatic partion wall. If both are to change angular velocity by w radians per second. How internal energies...

Hello, In thermodynamics, with systems being represented by gases (can liquids be also included?), the internal energy ##E_{int}## of a system represents the total kinetic energy + the total potential energy of the system: $$E_{int} = KE_{tot}+ PE_{tot}$$ The term ##KE_{tot}=Q## is also called...

Hello, Trivial question: a system is isolated and all its internal forces are conservative. Because of Newton's 3rd law, all internal forces are pairwise and the net internal force is always zero (regardless of the forces being conservative or not) hence the system's total momentum is conserved...

I tried using U=3/2 NKbT, but i don't seem to get the correct answer..