Liquid Definition and 1000 Threads

How do I calculate the light yield and light collection efficiency of a liquid scintillation detector? Couls someone give me a formula for that? What data do I need to calculate it? THanks a bunch!

I'm trying to make a LSC with U-238 (non-aqueous form) dipped in the scintillating cocktail to detect fast neutrons (no thermals or epithermals, only fast) from a Cf-252 source. How do I calculate the wavelength emerging from the cocktail (assuming U-238 does not react with the cocktail)? Also...

I'm trying to make a LSC with U-238 (non-aqueous form) dipped in the scintillating cocktail to detect fast neutrons (no thermals or epithermals, only fast) from a Cf-252 source. How do I calculate the wavelength emerging from the cocktail (assuming U-238 does not react with the cocktail)? Also...

Homework Statement I'm working on my research project at uni, running a gas-liquid flow loop for horizontal stratified flow exhibiting wave propagation. The equipment I have however is setup to investigate vertical flow primarily and the flow meters are located on the vertical sections. I need...

I am conducting an experiment that rotates a sealed donut cylinder to investigate amongst other things the inertia of the contained fluid. Process I rotate the cylinder to a set speed (assuming that the viscosity of the internal fluid will end up rotating the fluid to solid body rotation) then...

I just read an article stating physicists have discovered a new state of matter. What is a quantum spin liquid?

Homework Statement A solution of Co+2 ions appears red when viewed under white light. Which of the following statements is true? A) a spectrophotometer set to the wavelength of red light would read a high absorbance b) if the solution is diluted, the amount of light reflected by the solution...

(a) FIGURE 2 shows two cylindrical tanks interconnected with a pipe which has a valve that creates a constant resistance to flow of Rf when fully open. The height of liquid (of density ρ) in the first tank is hin and the second tank hout. The cross-sectional area of the first tank is Ain m^2 and...

Homework Statement There is liquid in a cylindrical container at some level. Now when the container is heated, the level of the liquid remains the same in the container. What is the relationship between the coefficient of linear thermal expansion of liquid and the container ? Homework...

What are the available liquid polymers that would keep its physical state at continuous expose to high temperatures (like 100 C), without curing or evaporating? I guess some grads of PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) works, I don't know what would happen to Polyester or Epoxy and whether or not there...

My textbook says - When a hot liquid is mixed with a cold liquid, the temperature of the mixture - "is undefined for some time and then becomes nearly constant". Shouldn't the temperature first decrease and then become constant ? Why does it say "undefined" ?

Hey all, Interestingly enough, I was actually recently feeding some ducks at a nearby pond when I noticed a cool phenomenon that I couldn't explain myself, so I was hoping you guys could assist in that. When you have two air bubbles over a liquid surface, like water, they seem to accelerate...

Homework Statement how can the average density of the body equal to the density of fluid(2nd photo) ? the object is not completely submerged in the liquid , so the density of object should be lower , right ? Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution

Homework Statement Two waves travel next to each other for 100cm. Wave A passes through a glass container containing liquid. The thickness of the glass in total is 1cm and the width of the liquid is 10cm. The glass has n = 1.52 and the liquid has n=1.33. Wave B passes through a vacuum and...

Greetings Forum Members, I am quite new to this & this is my first post. To tell you guys a little bit about me I am a magician that creates effects and I figured that when I am stuck I should go somewhere and ask people that are smarter than me :-). First Question: Is there any kind of...

For an individual project I'm working on, I've been trying to work out what the tensile strength would need to be for a spherical container to hold a given volume and density of liquid. The specific values are given below, but a general formula would be useful too. Mass of liquid: 2 660 000kg...

Hello there Physics Forum! This is my first post here. This problem has been boggling me all day and I'm need of help in piecing together what I've come up with so far. I'm currently working on a personal project related to paint spraying. In this project I'm using a syringe & needle to feed...

Homework Statement A block floating on water contained in a vessel is pushed inside until it touches the bottom of the vessel and then released. Will the block come back? Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution [/B] Bouyant force acts because the pressure on the bottom of the block is...

In 1958, chemical operator Cecil Kelley was killed by a nuclear excursion in a mixing tank. A tank intended to reprocess trace amounts of dissolved plutonium-239 accidentally had dramatically more radioactive material dumped into it. The plutonium, being dissolved in a lower-density fluid than...

Dear PF Forum, As per wiki: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_enthalpy_change_of_formation_(data_table) Standard enthalpy of water: Gas: -241.818 kJ/mol Liquid: -285.8 kj/mol What does it means? That to produce H2O per mol at 1000C, it releases 241.818 kJ. That to produce H2O per mol in...

Homework Statement in the second picturre, why the zs1 and zs2 is calculated by using 2m and 0.6m respectively ? it should be 0.8m , am i right ? what's the purpose of the author to use 2m and 0.6m ? Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution

So I'm reading that ice (solid) always has a liquid surface if it's surrounded by a gas. Does this mean every solid (e.g., my dining room table) also has a liquid surface because it's surrounded by gas? It doesn't seem to have a liquid surface. :-/ If something sublimes it skips this phase so I...

Consider a sealed can of liquid refrigerant-134a in a room at 25 •C .Now if the lid is opened slowly and some refrigerant is allowed to escape, the pressure and temperature in the can start dropping rapidly.A thermometer inserted in the can will register -26°C when pressure drop to 1 atm. ,which...

Homework Statement why the vertical rise of the surface is given by the formula as shown in the notes ? shouldn't it = Δs = (g +az ) Δx / ax ? Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution

If there are any experimentalists out there maybe you could help? I need to bubble gas through a liquid at ~80 mL/min is there a specific instrument designed to do this? I'm assuming it's some sort of pump, what would it be called in a chemistry lab? Thank you for any suggestions / help.

Hi all, I am learning about magnetometers. Esp. those based on the Overhauser effect (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_Overhauser_effect). As I understand, they embed a free radical fluid that contains free electrons that gets polarized through a RF field. Do you have any idea what free...

Homework Statement A column of water 40 cm high supports a 30 cm column of an unknown liquid.What is the density of the liquid? Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution As per the instruction of the teacher I equated their pressures. h1ρ1g=h2ρ2g. And hence arrived at the...

Homework Statement Why can’t transverse waves travel through a gas or liquid? Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution I understand that transverse waves require rigid medium through which to transfer their energy so they can travel through solids. I'll just accept that transverse waves can...

Homework Statement The standard entropy of lead at 25C is S(298)=64.80 J/Kmol. The heat capacity of solid lead is Cp(s) = 22.13 + .01172T + 0.96x105T-2. The heat capacity of liquid lead is Cp(l) = 32.51 - 0.00301T Melting point is 327.4C Heat of fusion is 4770J/mol. Calculate the standard...

Hello everyone, I am currently working on a project to design a more efficient method of electricity production in the nuclear industry. I haven't been able to find anything online (and chemistry isn't exactly my strong suit most of the time), but I wanted to know if anyone knows of a liquid or...

Homework Statement Calculate the ΔS° when 0.5 mole of liquid water at 0°C is mixed with 0.5 mole of liquid water at 100°C.Assume Cp=18cal/deg mole over the whole range of temperatures. Homework Equations ΔS=∫ Cp/T dT

usually, entropy change in solid and liquid is formulated as Cp(or Cv)ln(T2/T1) or Q/T(integral)+ Sgen. so, considering the former and the latter equations, Do their entropy changes include irreversibility due to Sgen? And next question, reservoir has no change in temperature and volume...

I have a tank which is 1320Litres. The constant outflow from the tank is 800Litres/Hr. I want to maintain the level of the water in the tank at a stagnant level and I need to find water rate of inflow at which I can achieve this equilibrium. Any help

Homework Statement A cylindrical container of water with a radius of 6.0 cm is placed on a phonograph turntable so that its outer edge just touches the outer edge of the turntable. The radius of the turntable is 14.5 cm, and the turntable rotates at 33 and a 1/3 revolutions per minute. How much...

Hello I am joining as a Project assistant on a project called "Search for spin liquid and other novel ground states arising from an interplay between electronic correlations, spin-orbit coupling and geometric magnetic frustration" what can i read to get onto the topic for it.

I am reading pressure in liquids and at one point it states that Pressure of liquid at any point = Depth x Density of Liquid x g (gravity) But then it continues to state that Pressure is transmitted in liquid equally when I studied earlier that pressure in liquid increases with height then...

I would like to ask your opinions on what would happen if you had a liquid containing charged particles and then applied a sinusoidal magnetic field? 1. would the particles move in one direction and when the current changes direction then move in the other direction? 2. would there be a...

Hello, I work for a propane company where i unload propane rail cars. I am trying to figure out how much propane is being shipped back to the refinery after I off load the rail car. We are experiencing a large amount of shink and the accountant want to get to the bottom of it. With propane...

I want to know how easy it is to find or make a really dense liquid...perhaps 4000 kg per cubic meter at room temperature or lower. I need it to be easily made so that it can fill huge a huge volume like thousands of cubic meters. Is this even possible? Mercury is too dangerous and scarce...

Hello, Phosphorus may be present as different allotropes like white, red, violet or black phosphorus. All of them have a more or less different melting point. For example white phosphorus has a melting point of around 45 °C (source), while a red phosphorus has a melting point of around 590 or...

I know that When there is increase in temperature the molecules in a viscious liquid move further apart and this decreases the viscosity of the fluid. So does that mean the molecules are far apart in case of liquid and these molecules move further apart with increase in temperature. So a...

Hello all, quick question: When Plasma cools what state does it return to? Is it a liquid or the state it was in before at room temperature? Do the atoms rearrange into what it was like before i.e. the same element or something completely different? Thank you

(I'm new to the Forum, so if I violate the rules unknowingly, please do let me know) So, during a recent research, I analyzed the frequency spectrum of our hand's oscillation while walking. As it turns out, it contains distinct harmonic frequencies (around 1.8*n Hz), and the second among them...

Homework Statement Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution Applying Archimedes priniciple the force exerted by liquid on the upper hemisphere would be ## F = \frac{2}{3}\pi R^3 \rho g## . Now I am not sure , what does it mean by force due to gauge pressure ? Any help is appreciated ...

Homework Statement Homework Equations P=ρgh The Attempt at a Solution I already have the solution. My question is simple. I can't understand how I define the direction of pressure in each "changing" point. I also have the solution if needed.

Hopefully this question makes sense; when talking about solubility of a gas does this have any relation to its ability to mix with another gas? i.e. gas solubility in gas, versus, gas solubility in liquid In ultrasonic cavitation some say that a more soluble gas can more easily enter the...

That's the title of the NASA press release (I added the date). 8 a.m. PDT = 3 p.m. UCT = 5 p.m. CEST (Central European Summer Time) The panel includes an expert for the HiRISE experiment, a high-resolution telescope in Mars orbit. Whatever they have, apparently images of some area are highly...

There is a liquid phase homogeneous reaction going on in an CSTR, which operates at 4 atm. Is it necessary to have pressure relief valve? If so, what will be vent out when the pressure exceeds, since it contains liquid only?

Hi... any idea on how to calculate force needed to pull up something stuck on the ground? ex: Boot stuck on mud person sinking on quicksand or car sinking in water

Hello, I have an assignment that centers around the Rankine cycle and requires me to find the enthalpy of water entering the boiler. My professor has told me to take the enthalpy value at boiler conditions for a saturated liquid. I'm not really sure why I should make this assumption as I was...