Literature Definition and 101 Threads

Literature broadly is any collection of written work, but it is also used more narrowly for writings specifically considered to be an art form, especially prose fiction, drama, and poetry. In recent centuries, the definition has expanded to include oral literature, much of which has been transcribed. Literature is a method of recording, preserving, and transmitting knowledge and entertainment, and can also have a social, psychological, spiritual, or political role.
Literature, as an art form, can also include works in various non-fiction genres, such as biography, diaries, memoir, letters, and the essay. Within its broad definition, literature includes non-fictional books, articles or other printed information on a particular subject.Etymologically, the term derives from Latin literatura/litteratura "learning, a writing, grammar," originally "writing formed with letters," from litera/littera "letter". In spite of this, the term has also been applied to spoken or sung texts. Developments in print technology have allowed an ever-growing distribution and proliferation of written works, which now includes electronic literature.
Literature is classified according to whether it is poetry, prose or drama, and such works are categorized according to historical periods, or their adherence to certain aesthetic features, or genre.

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  1. 7

    Literature recommendations for Maxwell's equations

    Hello! I am very interested in learning Maxwells equations, and learn it good. I need a recommendations for books where electrodynamics is presented from scratch and Maxwell's equations are used to explain most examples. I need examples like direct current, alternating current, and...
  2. BobG

    Test Your Knowledge of Dictator Literature

    How well do you know your dictator literature? Test yourself by matching the literary sample to the dictator that authored it: A. Saddam Hussein B. Kim Jong Il C. Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini D. Muammar al-Qaddafi E. Joseph Stalin #1 #2 (edited to eliminate giving away the...
  3. F

    Help Finding Books on Heat Conduction in Construction Materials

    I have a question about finding books where is defined heat conduction threw construction materials. It's going to be useful to me if you tell me where can i find some experimental data or theoretical analysis of this problem. I need it for my graduate work. Thanks a lot..
  4. S

    PURE compound has higher melting point than the literature?

    What went wrong with the condition or the procedures if I got the melting point of a pure substance to be: (a) lower than the correct mp (b) higher than the correct mp (c) broad in melting range I guess there's something to do with the pressure and wrong calibration, but I don't know what...
  5. G

    Black Holes: B. Green's The Fabric of Cosmos

    Do you know any book written by a great physicist where he talks about black holes? I always enjoy reading the more relaxed way of talking that appears in popular scientific books such as The Fabric of Cosmos - B. Green.
  6. I

    Worth taking a year off to re-read all literature and aim for higher grades?

    I'm an undergraduate civil engineering student in my first year and I've passed all courses in my first semester with average grades except one kind of introduction course. Now I have 2 math courses and 2 physics courses this term. What I'm thinking is that having average or barely passing...
  7. L

    Need help choosing topic for ECE literature review

    This doesn't seem to be a typical type of question for this site, but I need help choosing a topic for a literature review in an advanced writing class. It needs to be related to computer or electrical engineering, and is described as follows: "A literature review is a very common genre of...
  8. A

    Calcluated density value different from literature

    Homework Statement A blood pressure cuff is used to measure the gage pressure associated with blood flow in the body. “Normal”, systolic blood pressure is commonly reported as 120 mm of mercury. This value represents the vertical displacement of mercury (h) resulting from the gage pressure...
  9. L

    Literature regarding appearence of cracks. Thermal, pressure fatigue

    Hello! I am wondering if anyone could recommend som literature for me to get my hands on. If there is any literature regarding how the appereance of a crack in a piece of thin metal (~0,4mm - 1mm) could be related to pressure fatigue or thermal fatigue. Does the crack due to thermal fatigue...
  10. Simfish

    Moving from physics to another field: citing academic literature in PS?

    Okay, I know that the personal statement really does not contain much space at all. But what if you have a *very* strong command of the research literature in, say, cognitive science or psychopharmacology, and wish to apply to cognitive science/psychopharmacology grad schools with a background...
  11. T

    Great Russian Lit: Brothers Karamazov

    Where we should talk about great Russian Lit. EG I'm reading Crime and Punishment and Notes from Underground right now. Is Brothers Karamazov more similar in style to C&P or Underground?
  12. O

    Grasmann Lagrangian - literature

    Hello! Can anybody suggest me some articles and books on Lagrangian and Hamiltonian systems with Grasmann variables? Thank you for your help! O
  13. A

    AP Physics Books: Problem and Solution Recommendations

    I'm currently a student in high school taking AP Physics and I'm interested in a book that would contain problems and detailed solutions to each problem. Please give me some recommendations to what book(s) I should look into.
  14. J

    Quantum physics-related literature

    I'm sorry if this has been asked ad infinitum. I'm interested in quantum physics but have little academic experience in science or classical physics. I'm curious as to what some of you would suggest as optimal, or even essential, requisites as far as quantum physics-related literature goes. How...
  15. MathematicalPhysicist

    Is There a Comprehensive Review Article on LQG and Spin Foam Models Literature?

    Is there some review article which covers the most important literature? Something like this: http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/hep-th/pdf/0311/0311044v5.pdf but for lqg and spin foam models? P.s if there is also up to date list of string literature that would be terrific as well.
  16. S

    Literature vs test: Al 356 alloying

    Hi guys, first post here, since I can't find any literature I might as well try a forum. Literature states that Al356 alloy has a Young's Modulus of ~70GPa, of course it will change with tempering and aging differences, but it should be around there. My experiments at school are only yielding...
  17. thrill3rnit3

    Michio Kaku Books: Physics Community Opinion

    I am wondering what the physics community thinks of Kaku and his books, most notably his "Physics of the Impossible" book.
  18. E

    BFKL literature recommendations

    Hey folks, i am trying to make myself familiar with BFKL but i don't find anything that is suitable for someone whose knowledge about this topic is close to zero. So, does anyone know any (comprehensible) introductions, papers, books,...about this? Cheers! earth2
  19. C

    Need Quantam mechanics introductionary literature

    Dear fellas, I am a bachelor in Electrical Engineering, planning for Masters in Nanotechnology. I have 1 year time to build my basics in Quantum Mechanics. I got suggestion about "Introduction to Quantum Mechanics - D. Griffiths". But he starts directly starts with Schroedinger's eqn.. Can you...
  20. J

    Exploring the Nuclear Model to Reviews and Literature

    recently,i am focusing on studying the nuclear model, can you recommend some articles ,good review and Classic books about nuclear model,especally the cluster model to me? thanks
  21. D

    Infinite volume limit literature?

    Hey everybody, I'm currently struggling to make sense of the infinite volume limit of a QFT. What I'm talking about is the (formal) limit of "quantization in a box with periodic boundary conditions" to "quantization in Minkowski space" as the side of the box goes to infinity. Does anyone know...
  22. thrill3rnit3

    Good Mathematical Literature: Any Suggestions?

    Any recommendations on some good mathematical literature? I'm not talking about textbooks; I'm talking about something like https://www.amazon.com/dp/0743224574/?tag=pfamazon01-20 by Steven Strogatz. Any recommendations would be appreciated. Thanks.
  23. D

    How did ancient civilizations use hydraulics and simple machines in engineering?

    New to this forum, but from the looks of it I'll be probably be a steady hangaround. Now, I've just started my second year in engineering, and lately I've become more and more interested in the question "How did people do this without electricity, diesel and MATLAB?" So basically I'm on a...
  24. V

    Discover the Best Literature on Thermodynamics and Plasmas for Beginners

    Hi all. Could anybody please advise me some good books on Thermodynamics to begin with? My current level of Physics is some decent E&M and that's about it. Also, if anyone happens to know some decent, introductory literature on plasmas and soft x-ray/euv lasers, I would appreciate. Thanks!
  25. M

    The Weinberg-Salam Theory to Group Theory Literature Online

    Hi all! I want to learn the Weinberg-Salam theory of weak and el.mag. interactions and for that a good knowledge of group theory is required. Can someone advise a good book from internet about Group Theory? Any help will be appreciated. P.S. this is my first post on this site, I hope I put...
  26. J

    Literature on Black Hole Pair Production (?)

    Does anyone could indicate what is the best literature to learn about black hole pair production? Any textbook explaining the instanton derivation in detail for the case of black holes? Jan
  27. marcus

    Quantum cosmo test prospects (sampling the literature)

    Over the past several years research in nonsingular cosmology, particularly LQC bounce models, has appeared at an increasing rate. Of particular interest are those papers suggesting ways that quantum cosmology bounce models might be tested. Since June 2008 enough papers have appeared that I...
  28. N

    Worthy Undergrad Physics Extra Help Literature?

    Recently I've been asked to help someone out with their undergrad physics, I'm assuming non-calculus to minor calculus based. Since it's fall it's probably classical mechanics, which I'd love to help but they are long distance so I wouldn't be able to spend time with them. Is there any...
  29. J

    Looking for Literature on Electromagnets

    I'm looking to get a full understanding of what makes them work, any suggestions for some one not so familiar with the subject.
  30. S

    Please help me for a calculation why my value different from that of literature?

    please help me for a calculation! why my value different from that of literature? delta E= {h^2*(3*n/pi)^(2/3) }/(8*m) here: h Plank constant. n the concentration of electron. n=4.46e20 cm^(-3) m the effective mass of electron. m=0.35me (me is the static mass of...
  31. S

    Random Matrices Literature Review

    Hello experts, I'm about to embark on a new line of research. Random Matrices as you might of guessed. Coming from a algebra/geometry background, I am looking for some simple papers along with some references you guys could give. I need to do a literature review in a few weeks, so please any...
  32. M

    Exploring the Cosmos: Introductory Astrophysics Literature Recommendations

    Hello, I'm new to these forums so I don't really know if I'm posting this in the right spot, but I was wondering if I could get some suggestions on books to read on Astrophysics. I've been reading a couple books on String Theory by Brian Greene and a couple books by Michio Kaku, but I would...
  33. K

    History History Vs. Literature -What do you prefer?

    As everyone know learning history gives us the ideal of the past and it also helps us learn from our mistakes. On the other hand, learning literature teaches us to communicate with others. What if one day your government want to get rid of one of the subject. What would you choose? Would you...
  34. F

    Chemistry Experimental Molecular Weight higher than Literature Value

    Homework Statement I just purified alkaline phosphatase, and my calculated molecular weight is 100000 g/mol, while literature value is 89000 g/mol. According to how others in my lab did calculations, my calculations are performed correctly, so I am left to explain why my purification is...
  35. T

    In the literature, I occassionally see something like this:

    In the literature, I occassionally see something like this: 6129270(50) eV What does the number in bracket mean?
  36. M

    Fine literature on penrose diagrams?

    So here I'm begging for your suggestions. Thanks.
  37. J

    Propagation speeds in literature

    In the beginning of their book, Peskin & Shroeder say that replacing non-relativistic energy p^2/(2m) with the relativistic one \sqrt{p^2 c^2 + (mc^2)^2} does not remove infinite propagation speeds given by the propagator \int\frac{d^3p}{(2\pi\hbar)^3} e^{-i(E_p t - p\cdot(x-y))/\hbar} Does...
  38. T

    Finding Literature Heat Capacity Values

    I need to find the heat capacities of CO2 (g), CH4 (g), C3H8 (g) , HCl (g) Al (s) , Ag (s) , Ti (s) if anyone can post a link or let me know what the heat capacities of these substances are I'd greatly appreciate it
  39. A

    Music Does literature tell the truth better than visual arts and musical?

    Hello everybody.. I just came across a question: Does literature tell the truth better than any visual arts like drawings or making sculpture or musicals such as choreography or singing? Can you all help me find out the answer?I think I want to narrow down this question to only the...
  40. W

    Looking for Projectile Motion [3D] Literature

    Hi, Forgive me for being vague, but I'm looking for some literature about understanding projectile motion in the third dimension. Possibly with algorithms. My desired goal is to put the information to use twoards a PC game that bases itself around firing projectiles. I've yet to fully...
  41. S

    Cosmology & Physics Books: Recommended Reads

    Hello, I am a non-science student with a huge interest in cosmology and modern physics. I've read Micheal Greene's "Elegant Universe" and "Fabric of the Cosmos" a couple of times, and I loved them. What else do you recommend? (I know about Stephen Hawking's 2 books, and I hope to read them...
  42. L

    What are Some Beginner-Friendly Books on Cosmology and General Relativity?

    Hey, Recently, I have been getting very interested in Cosmology and I am looking for some books to expand my knowledge base. I am not a scientist and I don't have an education is physics, so it's been difficult for me to find literature that I can comprehend. Can anyone reccomend a book(s)...
  43. S

    Mathematica Mathematical Analysis of Literature

    1) The "plot" of a story... A series of events... Normally characterized by "intro", "buildup", "climax", and "conclusion", or whatever other arbitrary label one might fancy to attribute to a section of a piece of literatute... 2) Mathematically, the "plot" of a story is a series of points in...
  44. B

    Exploring Thermal Control of Spacecraft: Good Books & Literature

    Please help me in finding some good books and literature on thermal control of spacecraft
  45. B

    Any Good Literature or Books on Number Theory

    I'm not saying PF is a bad forum...but *What are some good books on number theory? --I'm a HS senior, currently taking CalcIII. --I don't care about the difficulty or how the book is written-->only that it is comprehensive. (does not leave out details, whether they be significant or...
  46. wolram

    Anglo-Saxon Literature - Wiki Info & Texts

    This site at Wiki has oodles of information of all the surviving Anglo Saxson texts and more. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_literature
  47. H

    HELP need recommanded literature

    Hello! I am a second year computer engineer. I would like to learn about the electrooptic effect and electrooptic modulation. Anyone have any GOOD links(prefferd) or names of books to learn the subject. I really need some guidence for "simple" resources which i can learn from, without too...
  48. loseyourname

    What are some great online resources for literature?

    I have some decent links that are worth sharing. First off, the Perseus Project is an absolute must-have. You can read the classics in both English translation and in their original Greek, Latin, Sanksrit, or Arabic. The site also includes online versions of many popular lexicons...
  49. S

    I am learning English Literature ?

    I am now sad :mad:, so I read some books for fun and Canteburry Tales is what I would like to write an analysis about. But it is so long, can you just give me an understandable explanation like a summary about the story I am going to delve into in a few hours later on ? Thank you.
  50. S

    Classic and Modern Literature Recommendations

    I want to become an avid reader but there are so many books out there. So I want to know what's the best that the world of literature can offer? It can be recent or classic. I am setting no limits on the number of books recommended.
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