Materials Definition and 988 Threads

A material is a substance or mixture of substances that constitutes an object. Materials can be pure or impure, living or non-living matter. Materials can be classified based on their physical and chemical properties, or on their geological origin or biological function. Materials science is the study of materials and their applications.
Raw materials can be processed in different ways to influence their properties, by purification, shaping or the introduction of other materials. New materials can be produced from raw materials by synthesis.
In industry, materials are inputs to manufacturing processes to produce products or more complex materials.

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  1. S

    How can radiation be stopped by different materials?

    Homework Statement Hi guys First post here. I am currently trying to complete a BTEC science assignment and have come across a question in which i just can not find the answers to. I've been searching it up on the internet and can't find any information. Here it is: Research how each of the...
  2. P

    How can I protect an egg from cracking with limited materials?

    Hey Guys, I know that this has been posted before, but mine is slightly different. Our instructor only provides: 5 medium rubber bands 5 sheets of 8.5 X 11 paper 20 inches of scotch tape 20 inches of string We can only use the materials he provides us. Can you please give me...
  3. V

    Understanding Cooper Pairs and Superconducting Materials

    Hi, I have one question about superconducting materials. Do Cooper pairs form below critical temperature of material or do they form below critical temperature AND if the current exists?
  4. T

    How Does Thermal Effect Influence Wave Velocity in Piezoelectric Materials?

    Hello group, Now I am solving a problem of waves in a piezoelectric body including thermal effect in a infinite domain. The physical quantities are involved including displcement{u_1,u_2,u_3},electric potential{phi} and temperature increment{T}. The waves are, in general, assumed as forms...
  5. S

    Materials Engineering (Crystal Structure) - C/A Ratio?

    Hi there, This may be a very basic question, but I have almost no knowledge of chemistry, unfortunately! Homework Statement Beryllium (Be) is a HCP metal with an atomic weight of 9, an atomic radius of 0.112nm and a density of 1850kg/m^3. Calculate its c/a ratio given that Avogadro's Number...
  6. D

    Three Difficult Materials Questions (check my answers)

    [SOLVED] Three Difficult Materials Questions (check my answers!) Hi there. As you can see below, there are three questions on materials, that are quite difficult in my opinion. I've given my best attempt at them, checked them, and I think they are correct. However, as I am prone to making...
  7. D

    How Do You Calculate Stress and Strain in a Stretched Copper Wire?

    The last question on my homework (always the hardest). Homework Statement A wire of diameter 1.0mm and length 2.3m is made of copper. Young modulus is 1.1 x 10^11. Find: a) The cross-section of the wire in m² b) The strain if the wire is stretched by 0.85mm c) The stress d) The force...
  8. O

    Designing: Roll Cage with CAD+FE, Testing New Materials

    I am designing a Roll Cage (Using CAD+FE) and trying out new materials for testing/analysis. Commonly used materials i found are: * CDS Carbon Steel * ERW Mild Steel * DOM Mild Steel * Cr (Chrome Molybdenum) Steel * T-45 * 1020 Grade Mild Steel CDW Anybody...
  9. L

    Testing GRE Physics - These materials enough?

    GRE Physics -- These materials enough? Hi friends, I need your input regarding what else needs to score good in GRE Physics. Documents and Ebooks I have for GRE Physics Preparation : --------------------------------------------------------------- Synopsis on Electricity and Electronics...
  10. J

    Solving Materials Problems: Electronic Configuration & Steel Microstructure

    I am answering a take home test but I am stucked with two questions: 1) How does electronic configuration affects chemical reactivity? 2) Describe the microstructure of a piece of steel after roling in one direction to achieve 20% reduction by cold working Homework Statement Numbers...
  11. M

    Mouse Trap Car, Materials Decision

    I am to build a mouse trap car that goes the longest distance. From what I understand, I want to increase the distance by using a looong arm that I attach to the arm on the mousetrap. I want the string to only be hooked onto the axle so that it let's go when it gets to the end. I want a SMALL...
  12. M

    Calculating Minimum Thickness for Aluminum Alloy Tube Supporting Steel Rod

    (Q) An aluminum alloy (E=73GPa) tube A with an outer diameter of 75mm is used to support a 25-m-diameter steel (E=210GPa) rod B, as shown (in the attachement). Determine the minimum thickness t required for the tube if the maximum deflection of the loaded end must be limited to 0.40 mm. I...
  13. P

    Programs Double major in chemE and materials science?

    So i was on my school's website and i noticed that the general education requirements for chemE and materials science is EXACTLY the same. I also think i can be finished with all of the general ed requirements at the end of this year, since i got a head start with AP classes last year. If i...
  14. D

    How Does Polarization Affect Electric Field in a Spherical Shell?

    Homework Statement A thick spherical shell of inner radius a and outer radius b is made of dielectric material with a "frozen-in" polarization P = \frac{k}{r} \hat{r} where k is a constant and r is the distance from the center. Find the electric field in all three regions. Homework...
  15. D

    Materials that produce Diffuse Acoustic Reflections

    Are there certain materials that reflect acoustic waves diffusely? Would the material need to have large (visible) surface features to produce this kind of reflection or can the surface be smooth? Are there materials that reflect acoustic waves in accordance with Lambert's cosine law?
  16. K

    Need help on clarifying concepts on materials

    People tell me that a straight column wood is stronger than applying weight on a slanted angled wood. It seems like common sense that there's more force applied on an angled wood but when I try to prove it I can't seem to prove it with math.. Please help me.
  17. N

    Chemistry Materials Question - Weight % Fraction

    Heres a question I am stuck with Crosslinked polymers consisting of 62 wt% ethylene and 38 wt% propylene may have elastic properties similar those for natural rubber. For a copolymer of this composition, determine the fraction of the ethylene mer. Express your answer with three decimal...
  18. marcus

    Yidun Wan's talk about new particle model from simple materials

    Yidun Wan gave a very nice talk a week or so ago at Perimeter. It is on video http://streamer.perimeterinstitute.ca/mediasite/viewer/NoPopupRedirector.aspx?peid=7a27faa9-6d55-41fb-9fba-6901167c2bb5&shouldResize=False This is part of a research effort by a handful of people aimed at getting...
  19. Astronuc

    Resources on Materials Science & Engineering

    Both titanium and aluminum alloys are used extensive in aircraft and aerospace systems. There is a thread on aluminum and its alloys, so I thought it would be worthwhile to have one on titanium and its alloys. WahChang is a big titanium alloy producer, and they periodically publish articles...
  20. P

    Aircraft Materials: Jumbo Jets 787, A380 | Get Info in 1 Month

    Pleaseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee I have to present a paper on Aircraft materials and I have only one month left to prepare... I've split my paper into 3 parts and for the third aspect,I need to know the material details of Jumbo Jets like 787...
  21. T

    Limits - Please provide some good reading materials

    Can anyone provide me with insights on limits? Like L' Hospital rule (don't know whether spelt right), and product rule such as lim_{x\rightarrow\a} [f(x)g(x)] = lim_{x\rightarrow\a} f(x) \cdot lim_{x\rightarrow\a} g(x) should lim_{x\rightarrow\a} f(x) and lim_{x\rightarrow\a} g(x)...
  22. F

    Material Selection for VSM Tube

    :rolleyes:I am designing temperature varying tube for VSM, especially high temperature. I don't have any experience on materials for this component. Please give me your idea about choosing material. Requirements for the tube is :shy:: - easy for machining - to use for medium vacuum (10^-4...
  23. N

    FREE Materials Science Lecture Notes

    http://sciencehack.com/pages/about This looks promising.
  24. H

    Need Materials for Stability and Control Helicopter

    Need Materials for "Stability and Control Helicopter" Hi everyboy ! I'm now very disappointed, it's beause I have googled the materials of "stability and control helicopter" and what I got is nothing but disapointment. So, I need your help for the materials. Is there anyone got them ? please...
  25. M

    Composite Materials In Biomedical Field

    Hello, can anyone kindly tell me about the use of composite in biomedical field? And what are those composite product, and the materials name? your help is greatly appreciated, thanks a lot ^ ^
  26. F

    Solving Strength of Materials Homework Problem

    Homework Statement In the attachment Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution I have been solving this question for quite some time but I can't get the answer yet. I offset all the forces to point C and I get the following values: Moment at y-axis, M(y) = 10Nm Moment at...
  27. D

    Mechanics of Materials II - Mohr's Circle

    Homework Statement For an element [Stress Block], determine the range of values of \tau_{xy} for which the maximum tensile stress is equal to or less than 60 MPa. Given in the provided figure: \sigma_x = -120 MPa \sigma_y = -60 MPa Homework Equations \sigma_{ave} = \frac{\sigma_x...
  28. moe darklight

    How are materials brought to (near) absolute zero?

    Hey, an article on the new Discover Mag talks about underground labs trying to detect dark matter. It mentions that the sensors have to be brought down to almost near absolute zero... I then realized that, even though I keep reading about things being put in extremely low temperatures, I have no...
  29. T

    Photochromic materials + Silicon?

    I was wondering whether it is possible to use photochromatic switching effects, for photonic structures on silicon. The problem might be that silicon is not transparent for the same wavelengths as photochromic materials. So basically, I was wondering if somebody knew about applications...
  30. F

    When Materials are Pulled/Fixed

    Homework Statement I want to know what happens to particles inside a material, when they are pulled or fixed. That's all I've been asked to do.Homework Equations There are none. The Attempt at a Solution I've been searching through google and ask.co.uk but everything I click on doesn't talk...
  31. K

    Impossible Materials for Sci-Fi Story: Ideas & Tests Needed

    I'm in the process of fleshing out some ideas for a story and one part of the story centers around a golf ball sized hemispherical hopping toy. I want the toy to be magical in the sense that it is made from a material that is physically impossible in our universe. Whatever this material is I...
  32. P

    Extreme lt. wt. non conductive materials

    I am looking for extreme light weight electrically non conductive materials which also has some thermal resistance as well. I am building a High voltage generator of 250,000+ volts at 50ma I am needing to shield the applicational machinery and computers where I have very low weight bearing...
  33. K

    Help with Strength of Materials question

    if anyone could provide any insight as to how i go about completing this question i would be grateful, i was off the week this was taught to the group and have no idea whatsoever
  34. Astronuc

    Introduction to Materials and Properties

    This is a very nice summary of Materials and their Properties and Characteristics http://www.ndt-ed.org/EducationResources/CommunityCollege/Materials/cc_mat_index.htm
  35. S

    Is There a Comprehensive Database for Materials Science Papers?

    Hello, Hey I was just wondering, is there any grand database of all papers published in the materials science industry. I have found some effects which seem unique to my current knowledge of the literature (the some 100 or so relevant papers I have looked at). Do I just have to google into...
  36. G

    Materials - Vy(max)=integral Tau(xy) da

    Homework Statement problem 2.12-5 http://www.geocities.com/greenlran/mechmat.jpg Homework Equations Vy(max)=integral Tau(xy) da The Attempt at a Solution I'm having trouble setting up the integral (determining what to use for da). I tried integrating with 32in^2 as da giving me...
  37. H

    Comparing materials abality to absorb impact

    Hi, I'm doing this investigation for school, and i came up with the idea of comparing the effectivenss of different matrials at absorbing impact. I have an idea about using a pendulum, where i release a bob of known mass at known starting height then let it hit the material. Thus, afterwards...
  38. C

    Understanding Strain Invariants in Strength of Materials

    Can anyone help me understand the concept of a "strain invariant" given a strain state matrix? or perhaps point me towards something? thanks for any help.
  39. M

    Materials Questions - Kevlar Alternatives

    I'm doing a presentation on Kevlar and I'm currently looking for information on alternatives to the use of Kevlar in bullet proof vests. Wikipedia has given some examples (Dyneema, Gold flex, etc) but they neglect to give any stats or detailed comparisons between those materials and Kevlar. I've...
  40. L

    Blocking Magnetic Energy: Materials and Solutions

    Is there any material that can block magnetic energy?
  41. E

    I'm trying to recall my M.E. materials science class

    I studied mechanical engineering at UCSD for my sophomore and junior years after transferring in from being a math major at Pomona College (east of LA). One thing I remember is that we talked about the material composition of steel. It has a crystal lattice such that the carbon atoms fill in...
  42. A

    What Are Good Alternatives to Engineering Materials and Their Applications?

    Can someone recommend a book to use in lieu of "Engineering Materials and Their Applications" Flinn 4e? Table of contents: http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0471125083,descCd-tableOfContents.html"
  43. E

    What Causes Variation in Ductility of Pure Metals?

    What makes some pure metals more ductile than other pure metals? I know ductility is defined as the ability of a material to be drawn into a wire, and one measurement of it is the percentage elongation from a tensile stress test. But does anyone know what is going on at an atomic level when the...
  44. C

    Why is light travelling below c in different materials

    I know that in vacuum light travels with the speed c. But in different materials(eg water) the spedd is lower than c. I wanted to know what's happening that the speed decreases, and didn't came to a conclusion. given the energy of the photon ε=hf=√(m_0²c⁴ + p²c²)=pc=M·v·c since the rest mass...
  45. W

    Max Charge Density of Materials: WiredGuy

    Hi, I was just wondering if anyone knew if there was a table that listed the maximum charge density different materials can accomidate... Thanks in advanced, - WiredGuy
  46. Y

    Unravelling the Connection between Nanotechnology and Materials Technology

    can anybody tell me whether nanotechnology is related to materials technology or not?
  47. O

    Materials and particle coupling

    Hi, since I don't have exact knowledge about materials and particle coupling, I want to ask for result of simple experiment: imagine you have very tough stick 10 meters long. Let's say the stick is fitted on firm steel table in sliding blocks. Table is equipped with actuator strong enough...
  48. I

    Bulletproof Materials: Kevlar, Ceramic Plate & Vectran

    can anyone explain the precess on how to make kevlar, or ceramic plate armor even vectran , the knife resistant material would be helpful.
  49. L

    Why Do Metallurgical Processes Aim for Equilibrium?

    hey, i'm doing a course on materials science as part of an aerospace engineering degree. I'm just trying to gain a full understanding of some of the fundamental concepts involved. Would i be right in saying that, all processes that occur in metallurgy on an atomic scale (like...
  50. J

    Materials and Manufacturing processes of engine components

    Hi, i am new to this forum and have just moved onto the second year of my BEng mechanical degree programme.We have been given the task of reverse engineering a 1.4l ford zetec s engine from a 1995/1997 fiesta. The problem we are having is identifying the materials used and the manufacturing...
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