Process Definition and 1000 Threads

I was assigned a problem in my Engineering Thermodynamics class as follows: Problem: An ideal gas in a rigid closed container undergoes isochoric heating from T1 = 27 C to T2 = 77 C. Initial gage pressure is 300 kPa, pressure of surroundings is 1 atm. Find the final gage pressure. The way to...

In the following process flow diagram for the production of hydrogen, why is the amine column placed after 2 heat exchangers?

In principle, what happens when an ideal gas undergoes an isothermal process? How is the gas at a constant temperature; is it maintained at that temperature? If we supply heat to the standard ideal piston assembly, why, or rather how is the heat supplied completely converted to work done by the...

I am a member of a small group of physics graduate students in charge of a monthly series of public science lectures. The lectures are aimed at local high school students, and we have many high school teachers who encourage their students to attend by offering extra credit. The audience of each...

I was studying 2nd law thermodynamics. In that context found the clausius's inequality saying closed integral of dQ/T <0 for irreversible process. And from the reversible process entropy was defined. And from that view they said that for irreversible process dS>dQ/T. Now when I saw some...

In process plants many heating applications will use steam at approx 120 C whereas the standard cooling utility is cooling water at approx. 30 C. In the dozens of plants I've seen I cannot recall having seen even one Heat Pump. Why is this so? Is the capex too high? Or are compressors too...

Hi everyone, just created my account so this is my first post. I'm from Portugal and I'm studying Mechanical Engineering in FEUP. So my doubt basically is about internally and externally reversible processes. "Water is on a pipe with constant diameter initially at 50 ºC 7000kPa, and in the...

In class we're currently learning about reversible and irreversible adiabatic processes. For reversible process, we got dq=0, so dU = dw = -P*dV = Cv*dT. What I don't get is where did the Cv*dT come from? I remember q=C*dT, but dq = 0 so I'm not sure what that means? Also, where does Cv*dT...

What are your thoughts on the fact that most math PhD program applications do not contain interviews? Consider the following link: https://quomodocumque.wordpress.com/2011/11/21/are-math-departments-better-at-recruitment-than-elite-financial-firms/ One of the comments expresses concerns about...

We know that a homogeneous Poisson process is a process with a constant intensity $\lambda$. That is, for any time interval $[t, t+\Delta t]$, $P\left \{ k \;\text{events in}\; [t, t+\Delta t] \right \}=\frac{\text{exp}(-\lambda \Delta t)(\lambda \Delta t)^k}{k!}$. And therefore, event count in...

We know that an inhomogeneous Poisson process is a process with a rate function $\lambda(t)$. That is, for any time interval $[t, t+\Delta t]$, $P\left \{ k \;\text{events in}\; [t, t+\Delta t] \right \}=\frac{\text{exp}(-s)s^k}{k!}$, where $s=\int_{t}^{t+\Delta t}\lambda(t)dt$. And Here is the...

I am going to report about Adiabatic process, specifically in cloud formation. Can someone help me some important points to consider?Im more concerned in cloud formation only since my topic is limited in that matter. 1. What is the science behind the adiabatic process in clouds? 2. Some...

Dear all Kindly anyone suggest me any Process in which catalytic Agent provides -OH or -O (Epoxy) and then after forming Product takes back -OH or -O. We have to consider only these functional groups -OH or -O. Thanks in Advance.

The problem is:Let $W(t)$, $t ≥ 0$, be a standard Wiener process. Define a new stochastic process $Z(t)$ as $Z(t)=e^{W(t)-(1/2)\cdot t}$, $t≥ 0$. Show that $\mathbb{E}[Z(t)] = 1$ and use this result to compute the covariance function of $Z(t)$. I wonder how to compute and start with the...

Can anyone tell me how energy created via the Penrose process can be extracted and converted into useable energy? What kind of infrastructure would we need on Earth, in space, etc.? Many articles talk about how energy can be created through the Penrose / Blandford–Znajek process, but none...

Hey, I have a question for evaporation--What is the real driving reason for evaporation? I usually believe that it is a pure diffusion process: the saturated pressure of liquid at the liquid vapor interface is higher than the partial pressure of vapor in the ambient, and this pressure difference...

Homework Statement A gas of volume 1400[liter] and pressure 2.33[atm] expands in an adiabatic process to 2240[liter] and 1.2[atm]. plot the process on a V-P diagram. I shorten the question, only this interests me. the number of moles is given. Homework Equations Equation of state: ##PV=nRT##...

When you take two magnets one being positive, the other negative. What is the chemical makeup of these two magnets that makes them repel each other. And if I have this correct, electricity is caused by magnet coils spinning around which generates electricity. What is it about magnets (especially...

How does a person charge a particle? Like a neutron, for instance?

I have a doubt please look at this video At time 1:54 to 2:00 and from time 3:24 to 3:29 After looking at video at time i have mentioned ,one will find that H2SO4 is itself used in this process so my question is what's the point in making H2SO4 by this method,as the method itself requires...

I know that to calculate the entropy change in a process, I just need to calculate the entropy change in a process that has the initial and final states of the process and is reversible. I just don't understand what the actual difference between the irreversible versus the reversible process is...

why are isothermal process values higher than adiabatic process ones? I know that the volume is powered by gama in adiabatic process ones, and this has an effect. but how can I explain it ?! http://www.popsolving.com/Thermodynamics/Problem2.4_Freebody.jpg

I have a file in my computer that I would want to delete but I always get error message of insufficient access right even though I am already an administrator. The file is being used by another process I don't know. That process seems to gag on the file forever. I scan the system but no virus is...

Hi for everyone, anyone knows whether it is possible to execute burnup process in MCNP5? I want to get K-inf as fuel depletion goes on. Thanks

Homework Statement By how much does the temperature of an ideal monatomic gas change in an adiabatic process in which 4.0kJ of work are done on each mole of gas? By how much does the temperature of an ideal diatomic gas (with molecular rotation but no vibration) change in an adiabatic process...

We have a large mass, and we increase it slowly- dropping in one atom at a time. Will a black hole form suddenly, or will it gradually become blacker with the addition if each atom? I assume that a mass marginally below the threshold must at least partially have the properties of a black hole...

##E= -T^uP_u ##, where ##T^u## is the time-like killing vector associated with the Kerr Metric and ##P_u## is the 4-momentum of the particle. ##E## is the energy. Outside the ergosphere ##T^u## is time-like and inside the ergosphere it is space-like. Therefore it can be arranged within the...

Hi, I'm trying to understand the process of finding the elements of a given group, such as SE(2). What I do understand is limited to finding elements of very simple symmetry groups, such as those corresponding to rotations/reflections of shapes. My overall knowledge of groups is also pretty...

My book says 'Maximum work can be obtained only from thermodynamically reversible processes,' but why is it so? What is the cause? Actually to me the definition of reversible process is confusing. It says that at each step during the process, equilibrium is maintained. But, let's say,we have to...

I know that setting the conditions so that the product is formed as a liquid will produce a higher yield in the manufacture of Ammonia, but why is this?

Does anyone know what pressure air has to be compressed too so that the JT effect causes the air to liquify? I am running a simulation and I have the pressure up to 9000 psig and 0F and the drop in temp is only to -125F. The requisite temp to liquify air is ~ -320F from my simulation results...

Homework Statement I have the following code (please see below). I want it to return [2,4,6,8,10] which is the function evaluated at the given list [1,2,3,4,5]. I want to do this using the process command. My problem is: print A returns [None, None, None, None, None] But I want it to return...

Homework Statement Hello everyone! I recently did an experiment, one of the parts was rapidly releasing some gas from a large vessel. We had previously increased the pressure, let it settle and then opened a value to let some out. I am wondering which thermodynamic process this approximates...

According to the j-t effect the decrease in the temperature is a result of the work done by molecule to expand thus increasing their PE and decreasing their KE, but in the linde process the next step is liquification, i am having trouble understanding how it happens, since the intermolecular...

Homework Statement Y_t = u_(t-1) + u_(t) + u_(t+1) where u~WN(0,sigma^2) Find expected value, and auto covariance as a function of lag h = s-t for some s and t Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution so E(y) = 0 cov(Y_t, Y_h) = cov(u_(t-1) + u_(t) + u_(s-t+1), u_(s-t-1) + u_(t) +...

If in a non-quasistatic process the pressure is constant, is the work necessarily equal to cero? I have from the notes taken in class that it must be 0, but I don't really see why, so I'm not sure whether maybe I didn't hear it well. I haven't really started to work with non-quasistatic...

Hi All, I am glad that a professor outside my school asked me if I would work with her. I had asked her a question about some problems I was working with , and she said she was interested in the same area, and she would like to write a paper with me. I said yes, of course, I would love to. She...

Consider an ideal gas. For a polytropic process we have ##PV^n = const##. Different values of ##n## will represent different processes; for example isobaric (##n=0##), isothermal (##n=1##), and isochoric (##n=\infty##). The Wikipedia article on polytropic processes states that the specific heat...

For a closed system: If we define a quasi-static locus (process) as an ordered and dense succession of equilibrium states in the thermodynamic configuration space. Then we define a reversible process as one in which no entropy is generated. Then it is clear that there are some quasi-static loci...

I need to design a basic setup to rotate the workpiece in Die Sinking EDM Process. I made some design but they were complicated and were not easy to fabricate so I need someone who can help me.

I am currently trying to install DISLIN for use with Fortran90 on Ubuntu, following the steps from DISLIN; - ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/grafik/dislin/linux/i586_64/README.I586_64 RPM Distribution Installation was successful. This is not the case however for DEB Distribution of DISLIN...

\text{Consider the following decomposition of the time series }{Y}_{t}\text{ where }{Y}_{t}={m}_{t}+{\varepsilon}_{t},\text{ where }{\varepsilon}_{t}\text{ is a sequence of i.i.d }\left(0,{\sigma}^{2}\right)\text{ process. Compute the mean and variance of the process }{\nabla}_{2}{Y}_{t}\text{...

Good Morning I loved the idea of four wave mixing in an optical fiber and how by satisfying phase matching condition you get a broad bandwidth but I want to know why am I interested in a large bandwidth why do I want to think about even enlarge it more? Thank you

I know that adibatic process means no heat transfer. i.e., →PV\gamma =constant. Where \gamma = 1.4 for diatomic gas, \gamma= 1.6 for monoatomic gas. My question is how \gamma=Cp/Cv ? And can we prove theoritcally that \gamma = 1.4 for diatomic gas, \gamma= 1.6 for monoatomic gas.

Hi all, Can anyone describe for me the detailed the process in the electrostatic precipitator? Like once the voltage is on, how the dusts react? Would ionization happen? Is there any existing mathematical modeling for describing the process? thanks. J

Dear mates: During ionization with radiant energy there is a photon emission (see http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/mod3.html). I know photon emission occurs by a decay of radiant energy from a excited state and what is confusing to me (I can't find a logical conection) is that...

Homework Statement I know that the equation ΔSsystem = Q/T is only valid for a reversible process but whenever i see problems involving a irreversible isothermal expansion of ideal gas, the ΔSsurroundings is taken as -Qirr/T. Why is that equation valid for surroundings, is it because the...

Hello guys, first post in this forum :) Magnetism has always been complicated to understand for me, and I would like some help regarding Curie temperatures. We have just bought a new measurement equipment to out lab which shall be temperature calibrated with curiepoints. We have three...

Homework Statement A piston/Cylinder arrangement of initial volume 0.025 m3 contains saturated water vapor at 180 degree Celsius. The steam now expand in a Polytropic process with exponent n=1 to a final pressure of 200 kpa while it does work against the piston. Determine the heat transfer...

According to wiki: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisson_process The probability for the waiting time to observe first arrival in a Poisson process P(T1>t)=exp(-lambda*t) But what is the Probability Distribution P(T1=t) of the waiting time itself? How to calculate that?