Relativistic Definition and 1000 Threads

Relativistic quantum chemistry combines relativistic mechanics with quantum chemistry to calculate elemental properties and structure, especially for the heavier elements of the periodic table. A prominent example is the explanation of the color of gold: due to relativistic effects, it is not silvery like most other metals.The term relativistic effects was developed in light of the history of quantum mechanics. Initially quantum mechanics was developed without considering the theory of relativity. Relativistic effects are those discrepancies between values calculated by models that consider relativity and those that do not. Relativistic effects are important for the heavier elements with high atomic numbers. In the most common layout of the periodic table, these elements are shown in the lower area. Examples are the lanthanides and actinides.Relativistic effects in chemistry can be considered to be perturbations, or small corrections, to the non-relativistic theory of chemistry, which is developed from the solutions of the Schrödinger equation. These corrections affect the electrons differently depending on the electron speed compared to the speed of light. Relativistic effects are more prominent in heavy elements because only in these elements do electrons attain sufficient speeds for the elements to have properties that differ from what non-relativistic chemistry predicts.

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  1. Z

    Speed of Pi Meson - Relativistic question

    After being created in a high-energy particle particle accelerator, a pi meson at rest has an average lifetime of 2.60 x 10^-8s. Travelling at a speed very close to the speed of light, a pi meson travels a distance of 120m before decaying. How fast is it moving? Answer: 0.998c Could...
  2. S

    Acceleration through PD, relativistic momentum

    When accelerating an electron through a PD of 10^3, that will give a momentum of 1 MeV/c right? Or is there something I'm not taking into account with relativity? Thanks :D
  3. N

    Mass of Higgs & Relativistic: Is it Comprised of Both?

    In another thread I asked the question if my mass is comprised of "Higgs Mass" and "Kinetic mass". Drakkith was nice enough to reply best he could, but wasn't certain. So yea, that's what I am wondering. Is my mass comprised of higgs and kinetic?
  4. J

    Relativistic Velocity Transformations

    A quasar is moving away from the Earth with a speed of 0.850C. It emits a proton that eventually reaches earth, and is traveling at a speed of 0.519C relative to the earth. How fast is the proton moving relative to the quasar? Is this answer as simple as it seems? is the answer simply...
  5. N

    Questions regarding relativistic momentum

    Hi everyone, I found a derivation for relativistic momentum on this page: http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special_Relativity/Dynamics I understand it all the way through, except the point where they have come to this equation. m_{red} = \frac{m_{blue}}{\sqrt{1-(\frac{u(x,r)}{c})^{2}}} Where(as...
  6. nearc

    Relativistic effects on planetary shear [tidal forces]

    before i ask my question i want to review two points: 1. place a body like a moon or a planet near a black hole, as the body approaches the extreme gravity affects the body deferentially. 2. review the tidal forces on Jupiter's moon Io leading to volcanic/tectonic consequences. now take...
  7. C

    Relativistic Momentum derivative respect to velocity

    Homework Statement show the d(γmu) = m(1-(u^2/c^2))^(-3/2) Homework Equations C = constant, m = constant, γ= (1-(u^2/c^2))^(-1/2) The Attempt at a Solution So in calculating d(γmu)/du, I thought I would take out the m first since it is a constant and then just add it in later...
  8. C

    What is the significance of velocity in relativistic electromagnetism?

    I have read: F=q(v*B) where q=charge of the particle v=velocity of the charge particle B=magnetic flux density F= force experienced by the charged particle Now,I could not understand what is the velocity v with respect to? Please help me.
  9. P

    How far is the relativistic star?

    Homework Statement Using natural units with c=1. We have our Sun and a star at rest relative to it one light year away. A spaceship travels from our Sun to the star with v=1/2. During the journey how much time passes on the space ship's clock? How much distance does the captain of the...
  10. T

    Relativistic Collission of Protons

    Homework Statement A proton with M0 and energy 200 MeV collides with another proton at rest. How much kinetic energy does either proton have in the inertial frame in which they collide with equal and opposite momentum Homework Equations KE=1/2mv2 p=γmv λ=1/√(1-v2/c2) E=moc2γ The...
  11. T

    Relativistic velocity transformations

    Homework Statement An excited nucleus of krypton-80 emits a gamma ray that travels at the speed of light relative to the nucleus. The nucleus itself has a speed of 0.60c relative to the sun. Use a relativistic velocity transformation to determine the speed of the gamma ray relative to the...
  12. M

    Relativistic mass increase appearing to form a black hole vs. a real black hole

    As I understand it, if you are moving fast enough relative to me, your mass increase will cause you to APPEAR like a black hole to me, even though you will not see yourself as a black hole. It would be an illusion, right? And also you would see me as a black hole while I would reject that view...
  13. Vorde

    Simplifying KE/Momentum Relativistic Problem

    Homework Statement A D0 meson (with a rest mass of 1.86 GeV/c2), initially at rest, decays into a K0 meson (with a rest mass of .51 GeV/c2) and a \pi0 meson (with a rest mass of .12 GeV/c2). What is the Kinetic Energy of the \pi0 meson? Homework Equations E=\gammam0c2 p=\gammam0v...
  14. O

    Relativistic doppler effect - inconsistency in my derivations

    Hello everyone, I'm trying to calculate the doppler shift in frequency of a moving source. I'm approaching the problem from two different frames of reference and getting inconsistent results. what am I missing here? consider the special case of transverse doppler effect (θ=π/2). light...
  15. P

    Is the Product of Energy and Time Constant in Relativistic Speeds?

    Homework Statement I have done some calculations in which a particle is emitted. The two parameters of interest are the energy that goes into its momentum and the time that passes on the particle's clock for it to go a fixed distance. If I have done this correctly then the product of these...
  16. D

    Relativistic correction to quantum mechanical system

    Relativistic correction to quantum mechanical system: quantum well with a particle moving in high velocity relative to lab frame (the well moves together with the particle in it). Without relativistic correction there will be a probability for the particle to be outside the well since it's...
  17. Y

    What is the relativistic cause of planetary orbital rotation.

    Newtonian physics correctly predicts that a planetary orbit will be an ellipse and general relativity correctly predicts that this ellipse will rotate, as was demonstrated with mercury. The only thing that I can think of is that because the orbit is an ellipse then the planet will be...
  18. A

    Alternative way to calculate the special relativistic time dilation factor

    I propose an explanation of the special relativistic time dilation and calculation of its factor in terms of the difference in observational times for incoming and receding objects, based on the following thought experiment: Imagine a spaceship coming from planet X to Earth with velocity V...
  19. D

    Help with determining other mass of a relativistic collision

    Homework Statement A 3.000 u (1 u = 931.5 MeV/c2) object moving to the right through a laboratory at 0.8c collides with a 4.000 u object moving to the left through the laboratory at 0.6c. Afterward there are two objects, one of which is a 6.000 u object at rest. Determine the mass of...
  20. D

    How Fast is C Moving Relative to B?

    Homework Statement relative to A, B is moving towards A at a speed of 0.4c. Farther out C is moving towards A at a speed of 0.5c. all motion is along the x-axis how fast is C moving relative to B? Homework Equations U = (U' + V) / 1+ VU'/c^2 The Attempt at a Solution...
  21. C

    What is the issue with photon rest mass?

    I read somewhere else on this forum that photons have zero invariant mass, only relativistic mass. Here is my problem, Einstein's equation for relativistic mass says that is invariant mass is zero then so will relativistic mass at all velocities. If a photon does have relativistic mass, then...
  22. M

    Relativistic Kinetic Energy & Gamma

    Homework Statement (7.) If its kinetic energy is 3000 MeV, find its speed as a multiple of c. In this case you cannot use the nonrelativistic approximation. m=4000 MeV/c^2 (rest energy=4000MeV) ^from previous problem, of which this one is a continuation Homework Equations...
  23. C

    Massive Object's Relativistic Velocity: What Happens to Earth?

    If somehow a massive object, let's say 3e5kg, was accelerated to a relativistic velocity and it blows by Earth at 0.9c a few hundred km above the surface of the earth, what happens? At that speed, it clearly has enough energy to warp spacetime; would it have a noticeable effect here on earth...
  24. X

    Deriving power from the relativistic energy equation

    Homework Statement I recently finished a test that asks you to derive Power = \frac{dE}{dt} = F \times v from the energy equation: E^2 = E_{0}^2 + (pc)^2 Homework Equations Power = \frac{dE}{dt} = F \times v E^2 = E_{0}^2 + (pc)^2 p = \gamma m v The Attempt at a Solution I got...
  25. D

    Relativistic Momentum: Force Accelerating a proton

    Homework Statement Find the force necessary to give a proton an acceleration of 10^19m/s^2 when the proton has a velocity ( along the same direction as the force) of 0.9c Homework Equations p=gamma * m * U F = d/dt [gamma * M * U] F=gamma^3 *m*a The Attempt at a Solution initial momentum...
  26. L

    String theory relativistic equations

    I'm an engineer trying to get a reasonable laymen's/conceptual understanding of string theory. I've finally gotten a general understanding of developing classical equations of motion, but I'm a little stuck on relativistic equations. As I understand it, relativistic equations of motion are...
  27. K

    Relativistic Momentum: Mass, Velocity & Lorentz Factor

    The relativistic momentum is given by p=mvγ, where Y is the Lorentz factor and m is the rest mass of the body. My question is that if we are considering the momentum of the body at relativistic speeds, shouldn't we also consider the relativistic mass of the body?
  28. zonde

    Relativistic mass of falling body

    Let's say that body with rest mass m0 is falling toward gravitating body from infinity. Near gravitating body it falls with speed v=\sqrt{\frac{2MG}{r}} Is it right that relativistic mass of body falling at speed v near gravitating body is equal to the rest mass of the same body at infinite...
  29. D

    Relativistic Mass vs. Invariant Mass.

    Hey all, I'm quite confused on this and am curious to be put straight. Now I understand the basic principles of relativity, this one just bugs me. Now I have always been taught that the famous E=MC^2 formula was proof that mass would reach toward infinity as it neared the speed of light...
  30. G

    Relativistic Energy in an Inverse Square Field: The Impact of Velocity

    for an inverse square field the force is proportional to 1/r^2 obviously we integrate over distance to get energy ≡ 1/r (where energy = 0 at infinity) but what happens when velocity becomes relativistic? is relativistic energy proportional to 1/r?if its any easier what I am really looking for...
  31. A

    How to get final velocity in relativistic mechanics

    Hello guys, I am not sure whether this is actually a simple problem but I'm not really a physics student, just someone very passionate for it. So I'm trying to use Newton's second law in its relativistic version (force is equal to the rate of change in momentum) to find the velocity and...
  32. M

    Some exercises on relativistic doppler shift?

    My physics teacher has informed us that for our mock waves exam we are going to be given some relativistic questions on doppler shift, as an experiment by our loving masters. We derived the Lorentz factor and some shift equations, but we haven't done anything else and I'd really like some...
  33. J

    Relativistic Momentum Derivation Help

    Hi everyone. So basically I am still struggling to find a description of the derivation of relativistic momentum (via relativistic mass) which explains itself properly (although that may be my fault for not understanding). So, I tried doing it with help from Feynman and can't work out what I'm...
  34. SamRoss

    Derivation of Relativistic Momentum WITHOUT using Relativistic Mass?

    Derivation of Relativistic Momentum WITHOUT using Relativistic Mass? Does anyone know a way to derive relativistic momentum without falling back on the concept of relativistic mass? Also, if it is not already part of the derivation given, does anyone know how to show that relativistic...
  35. J

    Relativistic Momentum Help With Equation Reduction

    Hi, so basically have been looking at http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special_Relativity:_Dynamics#Momentum" and working my way through the maths for myself. However I have hit this point and can't get past it: \begin{align} u = \frac{v - u}{1-\frac{uv}{c^2}} \end{align} Which should be...
  36. SamRoss

    Help with Relativistic Collision

    I'm stuck trying to complete this derivation of relativistic momentum without reverting to relativistic mass (a concept I don't like). Those who have read Richard Feynman's "Six Not So Easy Pieces" will realize that I'm really just taking his setup but instead of introducing relativistic mass to...
  37. SamRoss

    Two different velocity variables in relativistic momentum?

    For the relativistic momentum p=(1/[1-u^2/c^2])mv does u always equal v or does u refer to the speed of the reference frame and v refer to the speed of the object?
  38. S

    Relativistic Currents: Exploring V=IR

    I didn't know where to post this, but I figured since it has the word "relativity" in my question I would stick it here. V = IR. In a super conductor R = 0 and I = V/R = V/0 which is infinity. This implies an infinite number of charges per second flowing, and hence that the charges are...
  39. jaketodd

    Relativistic Momentum: Is It a Vector in Relativistic Energy?

    Relativistic momentum is a vector, just as non-relativistic momentum is a vector, right? Part of the relativistic energy equation includes relativistic momentum. See here please: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/relativ/releng.html" Could the relativistic momentum energy part of...
  40. N

    Where is potential energy in relativistic formula of energy?

    Please teach me this: The relativistic energy E=m.square(c)/squareroot(1-square(v)/square(c)) is determined by momentum p(because of ''square''(4-p)=square(m)).Then what is the role of potential in relativistic energy?When we consider the interaction between particles,how can we express the...
  41. P

    Relativistic addition of orthogonal velocities

    Homework Statement In a given inertial frame, two particles are shout out simultaneously from a given point, with equal speeds v, in orthogonal directions. What is the speed of each particle relative to the other? Answer: v{(2-\frac{v^{2}}{c^{2}})}^{1/2} Homework Equations Velocity...
  42. C

    Why can't there be a center of relativistic mass?

    As the title. More specifically, with respect to the center of momentum frames massless particles don't have, why not if they still do have relativistic mass? (Bracing for an easy answer to a stupid question...) :redface:
  43. grav-universe

    Is relativistic momentum conserved?

    Let's say that according to frame B, we have two identical bodies with the same invariant mass, say 1 kg, each traveling in opposite directions at .1 c, where v1 = .1 c and v2 = -.1 c, which then collide and stick together. Since the frame is homogeneous and the bodies are identical, they will...
  44. P

    Two expression for relativistic acceleration

    Suppose a particle in frame S moves with acceleration a_{x} and velocity u_{x} at a given instance in the x-direction. I wanted to find the acceleration in a frame S' moving with velocity v in the positive x-direction with respect to frame S. To do this I used the following approach...
  45. jfy4

    Relativistic corrections to Schrodinger's equation

    Hi, I was looking at the relativistic equation for energy E^2=p^2+m_{0}^2 and was wondering about a methodology I took with it. Making the substitution E^2=\gamma^2 m_{0}^2 then p^2=m_{0}^2(\gamma^2-1) Considering only the \gamma-1 factor, this can be expanded...
  46. H

    Relativistic Ohms Law: Modeling 1D Hot Electron Beam in Plasma

    A colleague and I are looking at modelling a hot electron beam hitting a initially charge neutral plasma. Initially we're looking at the 1D problem, the equations we're using are: \begin{array}{rcl} \gamma^{3}(v/c)\left(\frac{\partial v}{\partial t}+v\frac{\partial v}{\partial x}\right) & = &...
  47. K

    Relativistic Problem: Mr. C's Observation

    I was thinking, Suppose there are three boys in one room. A B C. They time there watches perfectly with each other. In each of their watches the time is 6:00. Boy A starts flying around with velocity {[3^(1/2)]/2}.c...he flies and boys B sees that the time on A's watch is ticking slowly. But...
  48. D

    Relativistic effects on a body rotating at near c

    Hi all, I've just been thinking about something today which I freely admit I've not got the knowledge to actually comprehend at this time (my physics studies don't start until September!) and so it might actually belong in engineering or it might just be a load of nonsense that I've gotten...
  49. S

    Can/do relativistic effects explain select quantum phenomena

    Can/do relativistic effects explain select quantum "phenomena" Can/do relativistic effects explain select quantum "phenomena"? A photon (a mass less "particle" that travels at the speed of light) experiences space-time in a different manner. A photon does not experience time. Would the sun...
  50. M

    Fully relativistic, cosmological N-body simulations

    Hi, as you all know, current cosmological N-body simulations (like the Millenium run) are based on the Newtonian limit. Gravitational fields are supposed to be rather weak and therefore the force between dark matter particles reduces to Newtonian gravity. Other relativistic effects are...
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