Signals Definition and 434 Threads

  1. F

    Convolution of Two Discrete Signals with Non-Zero Impulse Response

    please help me in this problem: two discrete signals x[nT]={0 0 1 0 0 2 2 2 2} h[nT]=[-1 2 3 3 2 1] find there convolution if the impulse response doesn't start from zero ,use the table or the matrix
  2. K

    Speed of signals in digital phone line?

    [SOLVED] Speed of signals in digital phone line? I know that the rate of information transfer in a phone line is 64 kbit/s. I originally thought that this rate of info transfer was the same as the speed of transmission but I now know that this is not true: the speed = distance / time for signal...
  3. B

    Zero-Crossing Demodulation of FM signals

    Hey guys, For school I have to study the zero-crossing demodulation method of reconstructing an FM signal. So far what I've been reading has been confusing me a bit and I have a few questions to ask: 1) How does a LP-filter act as a "time averager" for a train of impulses? 2) Does the...
  4. N

    [Signals & Systems] Continuous-Time Unit Step

    hi all, i was wondering what is the most correct approach concerning this function, since sometimes i find that the function is discontinuous at t=0 and sometimes its not. why is that there are 2 interpretations for a single function? bit confusing... P.F.
  5. E

    Exploring Digital Signals over FM for FSK

    Hi, I'm thinking about transmitting digital signals with FM. The effect I'm trying to achieve is FSK. Can I just feed the digital signal to the input of the FM transmitter? With FSK the carrier is frequency modulated with 2 frequencies, but since the digital signal has infinite bandwidth...
  6. N

    Understanding the Geometric Series Formula: Solving for a Complex Variable

    hi everyone, i had a class where my teacher was talking about this but i don't know where this comes from, if anyone knows could you please give hint on the type of material this is. Like what type of mathbook i should be looking for. the problem was: Demonstrate the following...
  7. N

    [Signals & Systems] Alan V. Oppenheim Latest edition

    Hi all, i was looking for this book "Signals and Systems" Alan V. Oppenheim, i would like to now which is the lastest edition or the diference between them. i have found this: https://www.amazon.com/dp/0138147574/?tag=pfamazon01-20 and this ...
  8. S

    What is probability of two signals occuring at once?

    Homework Statement Two particle detectors are set up in such a way that their signals are compared. Each detector is only capable of detecting whether or not it has been hit by a particle, and will emit an electrical pulse when it detects something. The signals from the detectors are fed...
  9. D

    Why is My 120mVpp Sine Wave Outputting at 160mVpp?

    I'm sending in a sine wave with an A = 120mVpp, f = 200 Hz into a http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electronic/opampvar5.html" to invert the signals into the positive range. After some circuitry to work with the signal after I've applied the sine wave + offset, at the end I want to...
  10. G

    Microcontrollers and analog signals

    If I have a simple microcontrol, say 8 pin PICAXE. Could I use it to read the voltage going through a circuit directly? And can I output varying voltages?
  11. S

    What is the result of convolving a triangle signal with a delta function signal?

    For the question stated in the pictures attached to this message, for part d of the question, I just can't picture why the convolution of the two signals is 1. Can someone please explain how this would be the case as the triangular signal is sweeping through all the delta functions? Thanks.
  12. F

    Signals - is this problem supposed to be so long?

    Ok, I am working through these review problems and I'm coming up short here. I have a TON of problems to do, and I just feel like I am spending way to much time on this one. Could someone tell me if I am on the right track, or is there an easier way to do this. Thank you. Question...
  13. C

    Are two signals that make up a periodic signal necessarily periodic?

    Homework Statement If a(t) is periodic and is composition of two signals such that a(t) = b(t) + c(t), then are b(t) and c(t) necessarily periodic? 2. The attempt at a solution I think that b(t) and c(t) must be! Is this correct?
  14. O

    Beating with signals of different amplitude

    Okay: here's the question: It's a well-known thing that when you add two sinusoids of equal amplitude and different frequency then you end up with a signal with the mean of the frequencies and a beat envelope. This just comes from the trig identity: \cos(a) + \cos(b) = 2\cos(\frac{a+b}{2})...
  15. S

    How Do Radio Receivers Isolate Specific Frequencies from a Combined Signal?

    I've been puzzling how it is that you can tune into a signal on a particular frequency. How can it be possible to get rid of all the other signals that are added together? I don't know how much of this makes any sense, but I have tried to specify the problem mathematically. Suppose R_1(t)...
  16. B

    Help in signals and fourier series

    Hi, I have a question about Fourier Series(FS) in my textbook which is persentted like this: The uniqueness of a FS means that if we can find the FS of a waveform, we are assured that there is no other waveform with that FS, except for waveforms differing from the waveform under...
  17. O

    Building an audio phase adjuster to adjust a range of signals

    My colleagues and I are building a phase adjuster for LFN (Low Frequency Noise) audio signals. Since we would like to be able to adjust a range of signals that encompasses a range of around 50-400 Hz, an op amp-driven, analog solution would not be economical, nor efficient. Since we need to be...
  18. T

    Power spectrum of short signals

    I am looking for a way to calculate the power spectrum of short signals of variable duration (between 200 and 500 ms). Standard methods seem wildly inaccurate. Are there any tricks for short segments? Thanks anyone for a response.
  19. A

    Signals and Systems - Convolution

    Homework Statement http://img166.imageshack.us/img166/1162/untitledte2.jpg Homework Equations Convolution y[n] = x[n] * h[n] The Attempt at a Solution I've never done convolutions going backwards.. right off the bat, I know I'll noly have 2 terms in the convolution sum...
  20. B

    How Do You Solve This High Pass Filter ODE Problem?

    Hi, I have this problem about signals that I have a little trouble to finish: I attached a small figure of the circuit. I cannot figure out the answer and I struggled for 2 days. It is a High pass filter, and the ODE of the circuit is: \frac{dx[t]}{dt}=\frac{y[t]}{RC}+...
  21. S

    Can a Simple Relay Switch Between Audio Signals for a Motorcycle Stereo System?

    Please bare with me here, you will quickly see that I know just enough on this subject to be dangerous. I'm trying to switch two audio signals on and off into one Aux audio input of my motorcycles stereo system. I have a Satellite Radio that I want to hear most of the time. I also have a GPS...
  22. U

    [EE - Signals] Question about Discrete-Time Impulse/Discrete-Time Delta

    Quick question about a discrete unit impulse. If I were to draw delta[n+1], at ... etc n = -2 ... the point would be at location: 0 n = -1 ... the point would be at location: 1 n = 0 ... the point would be at location: 0 n = 1 ... the point would be at location: 0 n = 2...
  23. U

    [EE - Signals] Verify my unit-step work

    Homework Statement For the top example: x(t) = u(t+1) - 2u(t-1) + u(t-3) For the bottom example: x(t) = (t+1)*u(t-1) - t*u(t) - u(t-2) The example asked for a sketch, so sorry if my drawings aren't to scale. Homework Equations Unit step: u(t-t_0)... * if t_0 is positive...
  24. J

    Choosing the Right Device for Low-Freq Signals in a Soundsystem

    Homework Statement Suppose you are developing a high-fidelity soundsystem. If you wish to deliver low-freq signals to a woofer, what device would you place in series with it? A) Resistor B) Capacitor C) Inductor Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution According to my book...
  25. P

    What are Complex Signals and How Do They Differ from Sine and Cosine Functions?

    Hi all, I want to know about the complex signals.They say that it is a complex signal and cannot be plotted but at the same time give analogy with cosine or sine functions.Please clear me about this.
  26. N

    Finger signals - hand as antennae?

    I have been handed a challenge that is beyond my reach. I need a way to detect the change in skin conductance, or some other electrical signal on the surface of your hand when you lightly touch your forefinger and thumb together. In this configuration, the skin sensors have to be located on...
  27. M

    Can Voice Signals Be Converted into Matrix Form for Neural Network Training?

    is it possible to change voice signals to matrix form? I was thinking of using the neural network to train for voice recognition. The system I will be building is speaker dependent so I don't think that much training is needed besides my own voice
  28. WolfOfTheSteps

    Ideas for an Independent Research Project in Signals

    I'm looking ahead to winter quarter 2008 when I will be starting an independent research project. I wanted to get an early start in thinking about what I might be able to do. I am thinking that I want to do something in signal processing, but don't have enough knowledge to make a choice. Here...
  29. D

    Signals and Systems example problems?

    Are there any resources on the web that provide example problems (with solutions) to Signals problems? My textbook (shown below) lacks any clear example problems (shows answers without showing you how to get them). If someone could point me toward examples of Convolution, Fourier series, or...
  30. M

    Signals and Systems: Response of LTI systems to Complex Exponentials

    How will we evaluate the integral for calculation of Amplitude Factor for an LTI system for which the input and output are related by a time shift of 3, i.e., y(t) = x(t - 3) The answer is: H(s) = e^(-3s) I want to understand the Mathematics behind the evaluation of the integral...
  31. H

    An introduction to signals and systems

    Hi everybody, I'm a freshman and i want to study signals and systems. so I'm seeking for a good introductory book. I've heard about the book "Signals and Systems" written by Oppenheim and Wilsky. So is Oppenheim's book suitable for a beginner? If you know a better introductory book...
  32. L

    Nerve Signals and Animal electricity

    Could anyone explain to me nerve signals in particular action potential and the Myelin Steath? Also animal electricty with Luigi Galvani? Thankyou if you can :) ps Sorry if this in wrong topic, new user:)
  33. D

    Sinusoidal and complex equation signals

    Homework Statement I am reading the book Wiley Signal And Systems-Simon Haykin and at the page 34 i read the followings Consider the complex exponential e^j*theta. Using Euler's identity we may expand this term as e^j*theta=cos(theta)+jsin(theta) This result indicates that we may express the...
  34. D

    What is the relationship between even and odd signals?

    Hi i am stuck with something really simple :( I know that we can express a signal with the even and odd signal x(t)=xe(t)+xo(t) (xe(t) means even signal and xo(t) means odd signal) x(-t)=x(t) for even signals and (1) x(-t)=-x(t) for odd signals (2) where even signal is...
  35. C

    Why Can't My PocketPC Produce DC Signals?

    Hello. I hope you all could help me somehow. I have a pocketPC with a signal generator software. I was confused with why they only produce AC signals and no DC ones. This sounds like a basic question, but why is this? Does flat DC signals produce no sounds or is it just the software...
  36. R

    Bandwidth of FM Signals: Carson’s Rule

    A satellite telemetry link operating in S-band uses frequency modulation to transmit the value of an analog voltage on the satellite to a receiving Earth station. The voltage has a range from -1.0 volts to +1.0 volts, and a maximum frequency of 1000Hz.The FM modulator on the satellite has a...
  37. M

    Fourier representation of CT peridic signals

    I want to find the Fourier coefficients for the following signal: \cos(2 \pi t)^2 Can I simply use the identity?: \frac{1}{2} + \frac{\cos(2 \pi t)}{2} And then use the complex definition: \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} (\exp{j2 \pi t} + \exp{-j2 \pi t}) From the synthesis equation I can...
  38. S

    Digital Signal Transmission on Buses: Why Analog Signals Aren't Preferred

    Are busses mostly used to carry digital signals? If yes, then why so? Why aren't buses a popular means of carrying an analog signals?
  39. M

    What are B mode and E mode signals?

    I've read an article in nature and found technical words "B mode signal" and "E mode signal". I don't understand what they are. In a website, they say it's like the electromagnetic field line but I'm still not clear. I also don't understand what k means in " the linear greyscale shows the...
  40. K

    Signals and Systems coursework help

    Homework Statement Detmerine the Power and rms value for each of the following signals: a)5 + 10cos(100t+pi/3) ... more signals The Attempt at a Solution It's hard to right out integral signs or I don't know the way to do so I'll use I(lower bound, upper bound) to denote an...
  41. K

    Signals and Systems coursework help:

    This is kind of a homework topic, but not. Long story short, my beginning of my college career has been horrible in the academic standpoint. Bad calculus classes, a change of major, and 2 1/2 years later I sit staring at my signals book with no clue how to approach any of the problems...
  42. K

    News Money is simply the traffic signals of economy

    When you go to the checkout, after collecting all the groceries, the money (and the amount of money) transferred serves as a green light. You are then allowed to leave the store legally with the groceries. If it is not enough money it's the red light. If its "I left my wallet at home" it's a...
  43. L

    Understanding Signals and Systems: Sampling, DFT, and Aliasing Explained

    hey guys. Just wanted to know if you guys agree with my answers: An analogue signal of 1 s duration is sampled at 512 equally spaced times and its DFT is computed. a) what is the separation in rad/s between the successive frequency components? My ans: 2pi/512 b)what is the highest...
  44. R

    Solutions for Signals and Systems (2nd Edition) by Kamen and Heck

    Hi I am looking for the solution manual for Fundamentals of Signals and Systems Using the Web and MATLAB (2nd Edition) by Ed Kamen, Bonnie Heck I need most of the solutions at least. If you could help it would be greatly appreciated. I will do anything to get the solutions. Please HELP.
  45. K

    Understanding Time Invariance in Signals

    i usually have such a hard time determining whether a signal is time invariant or not ... for example, why would x[-n] not be time-invariant? please don't just tell me why x[-n] would not be time invariant ... tell me techniques that I can apply to other signals too
  46. D

    Is x[n] periodic? Fundamental period = 8 | Discrete-time signals

    Folks, I think I got to the right answer for the wrong reason. Could you please verify my approach? Any help is highly appreciated. Problem: Is x [n] periodic? If so, what is the fundamental period? x [n] = \cos \left( \frac{\pi}{8} n^2 \right) Here is what I've got...
  47. N

    Complex Number's Assignment (From my signals class)

    Q1. If j = square root of - 1 what is square root of j ? what I did was : Plug in the value of j in square root of j and came up with -1 to the power of 0.25. Is this right. Looks like this wrong. Q2. Given a complex number w = x + jy, the complex congugate of w is defined in...
  48. L

    Signals and systems - zero state response

    hey something is really confusing me... we are given this impulse response h[k] = 2d[k] +((0.8)^k).u[k] + (2(-0.4)^k).u[k] where d is delta... anyway the question then asks: using the convolution, determine the ZERO STATE RESPONSE for an input signal x[k] = 2u[k+2] - 2u[k-4]. Now...
  49. L

    How Can Shifting a Non-Causal System by Two Units Make It Causal?

    hey guys - attached is a solution to a signals related question. Given the system - we must calculate the impulse reponse. please click on attachment to see what I am talking about. two things confuse me: 1)the system is evidently non-causal, but here they decide to shift the entire...
  50. K

    How Can I Consistently Categorize Signals Using ICA in EEG Data?

    OK. Going to try to explain the background on this one the best I can. I have two data sets which are mixtures of TWO signals, but are both different (Think of it as two people in a room talking at the same time and there are two different microphones listening to what they are saying). Lets...
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